Buffalo Fire Department Fire Hose Training Manual PDF

BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON #4 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE #1 FIRE HOSE REVISED: 02/2019 The objective of this lesson i...

BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON #4 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE #1 FIRE HOSE REVISED: 02/2019 The objective of this lesson is that the student, having studied this material will be able to give from memory the following information regarding Buffalo Fire Department hose and carry out all of the operations described in it: 1. THE GENERAL AND SPECIFIC CLASSIFICATIONS OF HOSE 2. SIZES IN USE 3. USES OF VARIOUS TYPES OF HOSE 4. CONSTRUCTION OF HOSE 5. TYPES OF DAMAGE 6. HOSE LOADS ON PUMPERS 7. HOSE STRETCHING 8. HOSE PICK UP AFTER USE 9. HOSE TOWER OPERATION 10. RESERVE HOSE IN QUARTERS 11. MAKING A DONUT HOSE ROLL 12. HOSE TESTS AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES CLASSIFICATION OF HOSE HOSE USE SUPPLY: to supply water to the scene ATTACK: to operate on a fire SPECIFIC CLASSIFICATION OF HOSE 1. SUPPLY HOSE HARD SUCTION HOSE - USED TO SUPPLY WATER FROM DRAFT THREADS PER INCH DIAMETER LENGTH AT WATER SOURCE AT PUMPER 4-1/2” 10 FT. 4 4 5” 10 FT. 4 4 6” 10 FT. 4 4 Two (2) lengths of hard suction hose are carried by each engine company. When using the hard suction hose, the strainer must be on the water source end and the rope secured to a firm anchor. BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON #4 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE #2 FIRE HOSE REVISED: 02/2019 SOFT SUCTION HOSE - used to supply water from hydrants THREADS PER INCH DIAMETER LENGTH AT HYDRANT AT PUMPER 5” 10 OR 15 FT. 6 4 6” 10 OR 15 FT. 6 4 Engines having both front and side suction intakes will carry: 25 foot soft suction hose attached to the front intake. 25 foot soft suction hose for the side intake rolled and carried in the front well. LARGE DIAMETER HOSE: (LDH) used to supply a large volume of water to the scene with minimum friction loss. LDH IS HOSE 3-1/2” OR LARGER IN DIAMETER DIAMETER LENGTH TPI 3-1/2” 50 FT. 8 4” 100 FT. 7-1/2 5” 25’, 50’, 100’ QUICK CONNECT STORZ COUPLING 2. ATTACK LINES - used to put water on the fire DIAMETER LENGTH TPI 1-3/4” 50 FT. 9 2-1/2” 50 FT. 7-1/2 NOTE: The 5” hose is presently being used as a supply line for ladderpipes. The threads are not compatible with hydrant threads. When a 2-1/2” hose is used to supply water to a pumper it is called a feed or feeder. CONSTRUCTION OF HOSE All 1-3/4” and 2-1/2” hose presently in use in the BFD is constructed with a rubber inner liner to prevent leaks and reduce friction. The outer jacket may be made of a mix of cotton and synthetic material or all synthetic material. BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON #4 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE #3 FIRE HOSE REVISED: 02/2019 HOSE CONSTRUCTION cont. The 5” hose used in the Buffalo Fire Department is a 3 ply constructed hose. 1. OUTER COVER: Ribbed synthetic nitriIe rubber 2. REINFORCEMENT (CENTER): 100% circular woven polyester twill weave 3. INNER LINER: Ultra smooth, synthetic nitrile rubber PRIMARY CAUSES OF DAMAGE TO HOSE 1. MECHANICAL DAMAGE: Cuts, abrasions & chafing. 2. CHEMICAL DAMAGE:Contact with acids, bases, gasoline, oil, paints, or other chemicals. 3. HEAT DAMAGE: embers, flame or indirect heat will cause damage to the jacket and/or the liner. SPECIAL PROCEDURES Hose exposed to acids or bases is to be thoroughly flushed off at the fire scene. Runoff water must be prevented from entering sewers or the ground water supply. This hose must be kept separate from other hose and returned to the hose tower. A Form 8 which will include the butt numbers and all information regarding the cause of the exposure and the decontamination procedure employed will be forwarded with this hose. Hose exposed to oils or grease must be thoroughly scrubbed with warm water and a stiff brush. Prevent water from entering the sewers or ground water supply. SPECIAL DAMAGE PREVENTION MEASURES Avoid driving over hose if possible. If it is necessary to drive over hose, the hose should be well pressurized to prevent damage and drive over it at an angle that is as close as possible to a right angle. This will prevent the hose from becoming wedged in the dual wheels. NOTE: DO NOT ATTEMPT TO DRIVE OVER 5 INCH HOSE If you must stretch a line across a railroad track, place it under the rails. If this is not possible, have the Alarm Office contact the railroad and have all traffic stopped. Frozen hose must NEVER be folded. If hose is frozen in ice, cut the ice away. DO NOT try to pull hose out of ice. BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON #4 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE #4 FIRE HOSE REVISED: 02/2019 HOSE LOADS All hose couplings MUST be spanner wrench tight EXCEPT for the 5 inch hose which can be locked tight by hand. Check all gaskets when coupling hose. 5 inch hose couplings must be kept lubricated for proper connection and movement (use petroleum jelly). Except in the case of an emergency, only dry hose will be loaded on apparatus. This does not apply to 5” hose. If it was necessary to load wet or damp hose remove it as soon as possible. Hose presently in use will not mildew when wet or damp, however, it will smell badly and cause damage to the hose compartments. REVISION: ALL 2-1/2” hose beds will be COMPLETELY changed at least every 30 days. This change or a change after a fire will be noted in the log and on the F-5 report. During the hose change, inspect all hose for mechanical, chemical and heat damage. See Lesson #4 “Primary Causes of Damage to Hose”. changes. Captains are responsible for scheduling MANDATORY monthly hose Battalion Chiefs are responsible for insuring that only one company in their district is changing hose at a time. Any defective hose found during this change will be sent to the hose tower. A Form 8 giving all circumstances will accompany the defective hose. Hose removed from the pumper during this change will be kept as the company reserve. HOSE BEDS & LOADS Each pumper has a large hose bed that is divided into sections. All pumpers will have their rear bed divided to carry: 2 beds of 2-1/2” hose, 1 bed of 1-3/4” hose and 1 bed of 5” hose Pumpers not equipped to pump 5” hose will carry in the center divider: 1 - 100’ section, 1 - 50’ section and 1 - 25’ section Pumpers equipped to pump 5” hose will carry at least 7 lengths of 5” hose in the center divider. Pumpers will be redesigned to meet their specific pumping capabilities. BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON #4 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE #5 FIRE HOSE REVISED: 02/2019 All pumpers will carry 17 lengths of 1-3/4” hose 4 lengths in the cross lay closest to the cab 5 lengths in the cross lay farthest from the cab. 6 lengths in cross lay farthest from the cab (Not all pumpers have tis) 6 lengths in the rear bed. 5 INCH HOSE LOAD The method used for loading 5” hose is a variation of our 2-1/2” hose loading procedure. With 5” hose, the prime concern is that the coupling comes off straight and does not flip up in the air. The load is started by placing the first coupling at the rear of the hose bed. The hose is now laid along the divider until the edge of the bed is reached. The hose is then folded and run to the back of the bed stopping 12-18” from the back wall (this space is reserved for couplings). Continue loading the hose in this manner until the next coupling is reached. The hose can now be adjusted to place the coupling in the space saved at the rear of the bed and insure that the coupling will play out of the bed without flipping over. This procedure is commonly referred to as putting a dutchman in the hose. These procedures are then repeated until all the hose has been loaded. The 2nd tier of hose will be made with the folds approximately 6” back from the first tier. The 3rd tier folds would then be placed even with the first tier and tiers would continue to be alternated until the load is complete. NOTE: REMOVE ANY TWISTS FROM THE HOSE AND INSURE THE COUPLINGS ARE SECURE WHEN LOADING HOSE. LOADING A 2-1/2” HOSE BED The load is started with a female butt. Place the butt at the center divider so that it hangs down from the bed approximately 6 inches. Lay the hose along the divider until you reach the back of the bed. Fold the hose and lay it on top of the previous run. When the hose gets to the edge of the bed, fold it and run it to the back of the bed. Gently angle this run so that it lays flat on the floor of the bed. Fold the hose and run it straight back to the edge of the hose bed. Continue loading the hose in this manner until the outer wall of the hose bed is reached. When the last run is put in the bed next to the wall, the next run is laid directly on top of it. Each layer of hose should be set back about 2 inches in relation to the one below it. This sequence will be repeated until all hose is loaded. BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON #4 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE #6 FIRE HOSE REVISED: 02/2019 LOADING A 1-3/4” HOSE BED (same method as is used in loading 2-1/2” hose) Connect the female fitting to the preconnect discharge outlet. All of the folds of the first layer of hose that is loaded must hang down about 12 inches below the edge of the 1-3/4” hose bed. All other layers are loaded evenly with the edge of the hose bed. LAYING IN 5” HOSE WITH PUMPER THE FOLLOWING PROCEDURE WILL BE USED WHEN LAYING IN 5” HOSE WITH A PUMPER. The hose will be laid as close as possible to the side of the street where the hydrant is located. The pumper will be driven at a speed between 10 and 15 mph to insure a safe lay-in and not cause damage to couplings. Due to its size & weight, once 5” hose is laid in it cannot be moved or driven over. A rule of thumb with 5” hose is that each length contains about 1 gallon of water per foot thus a 100 foot length of 5” hose, fully charged, weighs approximately 1/2 ton (100 gallons of water = 835 lb., Weight of hose & coupling = 125 lb. Total 960 lbs.) SPECIAL SAFETY NOTE: When hose is to be laid in from a moving pumper , NO ONE, FOR ANY REASON, is allowed to be on the back step. THERE ARE NO EXCEPTIONS. HAND STRETCHING 2-1/2” HOSE LINE NOTE: 3 folds of hose equals approximately one length. Stretch enough hose to reach the point where you will operate plus at least 2 lengths to allow for movement. 1. Step up on the back step. Grasp the nozzle and put your arm through the folds of the hose. 2. Carefully step back down onto the ground while you pull the hose from the bed. 3. When the folds have cleared the back step, place the nozzle and folds on the ground. They should be clear of the pumper on the side toward where you will operate. BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON #4 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE #7 FIRE HOSE REVISED: 02/2019 HAND STRETCHING 2-1/2” LINE cont. 4. Step up on the back step again. 5. Place your arm through the next 3 folds. 6. Carefully step back onto the ground and pull the folds until they clear the bed. 7. Place them next to the previously unloaded hose. Do not put on top of previously unloaded hose. 8. Continue steps 4, 5, 6, & 7 until you have unloaded the required amount of hose. 9. If the distance of a hose stretch is greater than can be reached with the hose in one bed, remove the nozzle from the opposite bed & connect the male coupling to the female coupling at the bottom of the bed that the stretch was started from. SPECIAL SAFETY NOTE: When hose is to be laid in from a moving pumper , NO ONE, FOR ANY REASON, is allowed to be on the back step. THERE ARE NO EXCEPTIONS. MOVE TO THE OPERATING AREA AS FOLLOWS: 1. Nozzleman (firefighter) will pick up the nozzle and place it so it is secured by the arm opposite the shoulder where the firefighter will be carrying the folds. The firefighter will then reach down and put their arm through the first 3 folds of hose and place the folds on their shoulder. 2. Walk toward the target. 3. When one length is stretched out on the ground, stop until the next firefighter has 3 folds on his shoulder. 4. Continue toward the target. 5. Repeat this procedure until all hose has been moved. 6. Pump operator will connect to a 2-1/2” discharge. STRETCHING 1-3/4” HOSE All preconnected hose must be removed from the bed prior to beginning the stretch. 1-3/4” hose must always be hand stretched. BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON #4 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE #8 FIRE HOSE REVISED: 02/2019 STRETCHING 1-3/4” HOSE cont. Place your arm through all of the hose folds that are hanging out of the hose bed. Carefully pull the hose toward you until it is completely on the ground. Drop the folds on the ground. Carry out steps 1 through 5 of the move to the operating area section in the previous section of this lesson. SPECIAL SAFETY NOTE: When stretching any hose line up a ladder, carry the folds on the shoulder toward the pumper if possible. Always be prepared to dump the folds if it becomes snagged by other apparatus and begins to pull or twist you off of the ladder. PICKUP & RELOADING 5” HOSE The following procedures will be used to reload 5 inch hose at the scene: After disconnecting hose and determining which coupling will be loaded first, preferably the uphill side, flip this coupling on top of the hose. This will aid in draining and prevent air from entering thus making it easier to reload. Use hose rollers to remove remaining water from the hose. The pumper can now be positioned next to the hose so it can be slowly driven forward as the hose is loaded. Avoid straddling the hose to prevent couplings and hose from getting caught by the underside of the pumper. When ready to start reloading, firefighters can be positioned on the apparatus and ground to load hose as described in hose loading section of this lesson. If the pumper cannot be safely turned around, the 5 inch hose can be rolled and carried by two members to the pumper. Do not drag 5” hose. A straight roll works best. Fold either butt on top of the hose and roll it up. When finished, a pry bar can be placed through the center of the finished roll and two members can carry it to the pumper to be re-loaded. HOSE PICKS 5 inch hose will not be sent to the hose tower unless damaged. It will be properly re-loaded at the scene. Hose must not be left unguarded at any incident scene. BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON #4 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE #9 FIRE HOSE REVISED: 02/2019 HOSE PICKS cont. Companies using six (6) or less lengths of 2-1/2” hose at an incident shall take the hose back to quarters to dry. If more than six (6) lengths of 2-1/2” hose have been used at an incident, the battalion chief or an officer designated by him will be responsible for having all hose at the scene picked up and sent to the hose tower. Completely drain all hose before folding it to be picked up. Damaged hose found during hose pick will be marked by tying a rag or overhand knot at the female butt. HOSE FOLDING To fold hose for pick up, bring the male butt about 3’ past the female butt. Lay the male butt down toward the curb. Take the loop end and bring it to the female but only. A minimum of four (4) firefighters will be used to pick up a length of hose. A firefighter will pick up the loop end. Each firefighter, in sequence, will now pick up the hose until the butts are reached. The hose should be held about waist high. The firefighter at the butts will give the order “HO, heave”. On the word “HO” all will prepare to heave. On the word “HEAVE” all place the hose on the truck. The hose must be in a straight line, not tangled or crossed with other hose. The male butt must hang off of the tailgate approximately 2 feet from the ground. This will prevent damage and give easy access to the butts for hoisting. BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON #4 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE #10 FIRE HOSE REVISED: 02/2019 HOSE TOWER OPERATION SAFETY NOTES: Companies MUST NOT operate any equipment without qualified proper supervision. All officers and firefighters must wear their own approved firefighting helmets and gloves whenever they are performing this duty. ADDITIONAL ASSISTANCE The supervisor of the hose tower or the duty officer in the service station is responsible for having sufficient manpower on hand to complete the operation and will notify the Alarm Office when additional manpower is required. The Alarm Office will dispatch the requested assistance. This duty will be alternated between engine companies and ladder companies. When possible this duty will be assigned to a company that has not operated at a fire. When line companies are operating in the hose tower, the supervisor of the hose tower or a firefighter from the service station will supervise all operations. If, during this operation, additional manpower is needed in the service station, a firefighter from the line company in the hose tower will be sent to the service station. HOISTING PROCEDURE Only hose of the same size will be hung on a rope. MAXIMUM NUMBER OF LENGTHS ON A ROPE 1-3/4” HOSE - 4 LENGTHS 2-1/2” HOSE - 3 LENGTHS HOSE LARGER THAN 2-1/2” HOSE - 2 LENGTHS Hang all hose from the MALE butt. Place the hoisting rope loop about 3 to 4 feet from the male butts and tighten it. Take 2 or 3 turns of the hoisting rope on the winch, draw it tight and hoist the hose. USE EXTREME CARE around the winch and clear all surplus hoisting rope from the work area. Coil the rope and remove it from the winch area. When loading hose for delivery to the line companies, begin the hose truck load with a female butt. Then the male butt end can be loaded first on the reserve hose reel. BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON #4 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE #11 FIRE HOSE REVISED: 02/2019 HOISTING PROCEDURE cont. Hose deliveries will be made only during the day shift including weekends and holidays. RESERVE HOSE IN QUARTERS Companies must maintain the following reserve supply of hose in quarters: 30 LENGTHS OF 2-1/2” HOSE Companies that require replacement hose must order it from the service station immediately upon their return to quarters. The name and rank of the person ordering the hose will be entered in the company journal immediately together with the time and amount of hose ordered. If a company uses hose at a fire and has no reserve in quarters, the company will notify the Alarm Office. The Alarm Office will arrange for the company either to obtain the necessary hose at the hose tower or, if absolutely necessary, from another company’s reserve hose. DONUT HOSE ROLL Both 1-3/4” and 2-1/2” hose can be rolled in this manner. This operation is best carried out with two firefighters. Fold the hose so that the hose with the male butt is on top of the hose with the female butt. The male butt is to be laid on the hose about 4 feet back from the female butt. At the fold of the hose begin to roll the hose. Make the roll as tight as possible. As one firefighter rolls the hose, the second firefighter guides the hose so that it remains flat and straight. When the roll is completed the male butt will be protected by the hose. Lay it on its side and step on it to even it up. BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON #4 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE #12 FIRE HOSE REVISED: 02/2019 PRESSURE TESTS PERFORMED ON NEW FIRE HOSE ALL HOSE SHALL BE TESTED TO NFPA 1962 STANDARD FOR FIRE HOSE, 1993 EDITION 1-3/4” & 2-1/2” 4” 5” ACCEPTANCE TEST 600 PSI 400 PSI 400 PSI MINIMUM BURST TEST 1200 PSI 700 PSI 600 PSI MINIMUM KINK TEST 450 PSI 400 PSI 400 PSI ANNUAL SERVICE TEST 250 PSI 200 PSI 200 PSI ANNUAL HOSE TEST (SERVICE TEST) All hose will be tested during the summer months.  5” hose will be tested under the supervision of the Hose Tower and Training Bureau personnel. Pumpers and Quints will be used to assist with LDH testing.  All other hose will be tested under the direction of company officers with the assistance of the Hose Tower Supervisor.  Companies will be detailed to the hose tower to test hose in the tower and on reserve apparatus. The Captain of each company shall assign a platoon to conduct the hose test. That platoon’s Officer will coordinate hose testing through their Battalion Chief. The Battalion Chief will assign an Engine Company to test the hose carried on Truck Companies. Captains of Engine Companies will ensure that their companies have a sufficient number of lengths of hose before starting the test. The required amount is 30 lengths of 2-1/2”, 15 lengths of 1-3/4” on beds, 2 lengths of 1-3/4” in donut rolls on the pumpers and 30 lengths of 2-1/2” in reserve in quarters. Some pumpers carry additional 1-3/4” as trash lines which must be tested. Note: The 1994 Pierce Saber (E1, E18, E25, E31) may carry less 2-1/2” hose due to LDH requirements. When scheduled, the procedure for testing hose will be as follows per NFPA 1962 Standard for the care, use, and service testing of fire hose. Engine Co. will first test all reserve hose. Lengths passing the test shall be accumulated until sufficient hose has been approved to fill apparatus hose bed. On most pumpers this will be 30 lengths. It may be necessary to borrow a few lengths from the pumper load to replace burst or defective lengths. Pumpers will be loaded with tested hose before the remainder of the hose is tested. Hose lengths that burst, leak badly or slip their couplings shall be marked & set aside. Defective lengths will be returned to the hose tower with a F8 noting condition and if available, serial number/service date. BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON #4 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE #13 FIRE HOSE REVISED: 02/2019 WARNING: Service testing of hose is undertaken to confirm its suitability for continued use. Because there is a potential for catastrophic failure during these tests, it is vital that adequate safety precautions be taken. Scene shall be secured, traffic cones in place and no civilian observers allowed in the testing area. INSPECTING Each length of hose to be service-tested shall be inspected. Physical inspection shall determine that the hose and couplings have not been vandalized, are free of debris and do not exhibit evidence of mildew, rot or damage by chemicals, burns, cuts, abrasion, and vermin. If the hose fails the physical inspection it shall be removed from service, repaired as necessary, and service tested as specified or condemned. COUPLINGS The couplings shall be inspected. Couplings shall be kept in serviceable condition. After each use and during each hose service test, they shall be visually inspected for the following: a) Damaged threads b) Corrosion c) Slippage on the hose d) Out of round e) Swivel not rotating freely f) Missing lugs g) Loose external collar h) Other defects that impair operation Defective couplings shall be removed from service and repaired or replaced. Dish soap and water will be used to clean couplings. GASKETS The thread gasket in couplings shall be inspected for presence, tight fit, and lack of deterioration. If defective, it shall be replaced with a new gasket. NOZZLES: Must not be used to test hose. Our nozzles are rated for 200 psi not 250 psi. TESTING A hose test kit containing two test gates specially designed and two-2-1/2” test caps and two 1-3/4” test caps will be used during testing. When testing 1-3/4” hose the use of a 2- 1/2” to 1-3/4” reducer will be attached to the test gate. BFD nozzles are not rated to test hose and should not be used. Attach test gates to the Officers side of the pumper. BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON #4 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE #14 FIRE HOSE REVISED: 02/2019 SAFETY AT THE HOSE TESTING SITE As when working with any equipment, exercise care when working with hose, especially when it is under pressure. Air is compressible, and the sudden release of expanding air when pressurized hose bursts can result in a serious injury or fatal accident. Pressurized hose is potentially dangerous because of its tendency to whip back and forth if a break occurs, such as when a coupling pulls loose. To prevent this, use a specially designed hose test gate valve. This is a valve with a 1/4” hole in the gate that permits pressurizing the hose but will not allow water to surge through the hose if the hose fails. Even when using the test valve, stand or walk near the pressurized hose only as necessary. Open and close all valves slowly to prevent water hammer in the hose and pump. Test lengths of hose should not exceed 300 ft in length (longer lengths are more difficult to purge of air). Lay LDH flat on the ground prior to charging. This will prevent unnecessary wear at the edges. Stand away from the LDH discharge valve connection when charging. Keep the hose testing area free of water when filling and discharging air from the hoses. This will aid in detecting minor leaks around couplings during testing. Each length of hose to be tested simultaneously shall be of the same service test pressure and, collectively, shall be considered the hose test layout. The hose test layout shall be straight, without kinks or twists. Hose is tested in lengths not exceeding 300 ft. to allow the hose to untwist and be straightened out. As the pressure rises, the shorter length will allow the hose to assume a natural elongation, creating less warp in the hose. The surface on which the hose is laid out should be as smooth as possible. Rough surfaces will accelerate abrasion and hinder proper movement of the hose line. It is also important that all air in the hose be removed. If any point in the layout is elevated, air will be trapped at that point. Excessive lengths make it difficult to exhaust all the air. The ideal hose test area is one with a slight upward incline from the pressure source to the nozzle. This allows the air to flow to the test cap and be bled off. There should be no humps or valleys in the hose between the ends, as these will trap air. Each Engine company will couple such hose up to 300 ft. in length where possible, to two discharge test gates on the officer side of pumper, outside of quarters. Hose lines shall be laid in the street, side alley or yard of quarters. The line will be provided with test caps and filled with water from the booster tank. Care will be taken to control the hose at all times to prevent an accident or injury due to nozzle reaction. A hose should never be left unattended when filling or bleeding the hose. BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON #4 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE #15 FIRE HOSE REVISED: 02/2019 With the test cap open, the pressure shall be gradually raised to 100 psi. After the hose test layout is full of water, all air in each hose line shall be exhausted by raising the discharge end of each hose line above the highest point in the system. The test cap shall be closed slowly. Warning: Care shall be taken to remove all air from the hose before the test cap is closed and the pressure raised. The development of test pressures introduces a serious accident potential if air remains in the system. After filling to 100 psi the hose shall be checked for leakage at the coupling and tightened with a spanner wrench where necessary. Each hose shall then be marked at the end or back of each coupling to determine, after the hose has been drained, if the coupling has slipped during the test. The hose should be dry for the mark to be visible. Mark Marks Slippage All personnel other than those persons required to perform the remainder of the procedure shall clear the area. Test gates are to be closed slowly, pressure shall be raised slowly to the service test pressure of 250 psi and held for 5 minutes. While the test layout is at the service test pressure, the hose shall be inspected for leaks. If the inspecting personnel walk the test layout to inspect for leaks, they shall be at least 15 ft to the left side of the nearest hose line in the test layout. The left side of the hose line shall be defined as the side that is to the left when facing the free end from the pressure source. Personnel shall never stand in front of the free-end of the hose, on the right side of the hose, or closer than 15 ft. on the left side of the hose, or straddle a hose in the test layout during the test. If, during the test, a section of hose is leaking or a section bursts, the service test shall be terminated, and that length of hose shall have failed the test. The test layout shall be drained, and the defective hose removed from the test layout. The service test shall be restarted. BUFFALO FIRE DEPARTMENT LESSON #4 TRAINING MANUAL PAGE #16 FIRE HOSE REVISED: 02/2019 After 5 minutes at the service test pressure, the pump shall be shut down, the pump discharge gates closed, and each test cap opened to drain the test layout. The test gate should be opened to prepare for the next test. The marks placed on the hose at the back of the couplings shall be observed for coupling slippage. If the coupling has slipped, the hose shall have failed the test. Hose records shall be updated to indicate the results of the service test for each length of hose tested. All hose failing the physical examination, bursting, leaking, or having couplings that fail because of slippage or leakage shall be tagged, removed from service, and repaired or discarded. After testing, all hose shall be thoroughly cleaned, drained, and dried before being placed in service or storage. A Form 8 shall be completed stating that the hose test was performed on this date and indicate how many and what type of hose failed, if any and forward to the Hose Tower Supervisor. In the near future, all hose will be marked with numbers for future use in recording tests. HOSE TEST SEQUENCE 1. Connect and secure test gates. 2. Attach hose. 3. Attach test caps. 4. Open test cap valve. 5. Fill hose slowly. 6. Bleed air. 7. Clost test cap valve. 8. Inspect and mark the hose. 9. Close test gate. 10. Increase to test pressure. 11. Test hose. 12. Reduce pressure slowly. 13. Open test gate. 14. Open test cap valve. 15. Remove test cap. 16. Drain hose.