2.ANTI-FUNGAL AGENTS.pptx

ANTI-FUNGAL AGENTS BY DR. RAZAQ MOMOH • Anti-Fungal Agents • There are 6 major types of anti-fungal agents that are readily available. • Types and MOA • i. Polyenes eg. Amphotericin B: Broad spectrum. MOA is the formation of a complex with Ergosterol, the major lipid component of the fungal membra...

ANTI-FUNGAL AGENTS BY DR. RAZAQ MOMOH • Anti-Fungal Agents • There are 6 major types of anti-fungal agents that are readily available. • Types and MOA • i. Polyenes eg. Amphotericin B: Broad spectrum. MOA is the formation of a complex with Ergosterol, the major lipid component of the fungal membrane. This complex lead to cytoplasmic leakage hence fungal death. • 2. Anti-metabolites: eg. Flucytosine • 3. Azoles: These anti-fungi cause the inhibition of the fungal cytochrome p450 3A –dependent C 14demethylase, which converts lanosterol to ergosterol, invariably leading to the depletion of ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane. Eg. Clotrimazole, Fluconazole, Itraconazole • Glucan synthesis Inhibitors: These inhibit fungal cell wall synthesis by inhibiting the enzyme 1,3 D-glucan synthase. These drugs are otherwise knowns as Echinocandins and includes Caspofungin and Micafungin • 5. Allylamines: These are primarily topical anti-fungi agents. However, Terbinafine is an exception being both oral and topical. • Allyalamines act by inhibiting ergosterol synthesis through the inhibition of squalene oxidase. • 6. Griseofulvin: MOA- Disrupts fungal cell mitotic spindles thus preventing fungal cell division.