Protein Modification and Sorting - Brunel University London - 2024 PDF

Introduction to Medical Sciences 1 Building Blocks of Cells Part 2 Protein modification and sorting Copyright © Brunel University London v.3 2024. All rights reserved Building Blocks of Cells Dr Ricardo Carnicer Hijazo 2024 Version 3 Ricardo.CarnicerHijazo@brunel....

Introduction to Medical Sciences 1 Building Blocks of Cells Part 2 Protein modification and sorting Copyright © Brunel University London v.3 2024. All rights reserved Building Blocks of Cells Dr Ricardo Carnicer Hijazo 2024 Version 3 [email protected] Copyright © Brunel University London v.3 2024. All rights reserved 5 Protein Folding Created in biorender.com 6 Copyright © Brunel University London v.3 2024. All rights reserved 6 Protein sorting and post-translational modifications Protein sorting (protein targeting) is the process by which proteins are transported to their appropriate destination. Post-translational modifications are covalent modifications of proteins after their synthesis. They increase the functional diversity of proteins and help with protein sorting. Copyright © Brunel University London v.3 2024. All rights reserved 7 Protein sorting Image of a free and membrane- bound ribosomes. The Cell, 2006 Copyright © Brunel University London v.3 2024. All rights reserved 8 1. Targeting proteins to peroxisome and mitochondria Cytosol Protein with Chaperones mitochondrial presequence Image of protein Protein with Peroxins sorting from Pollard 2016 peroxisomal targeting signal Signal peptides target proteins to specific organelles. Copyright © Brunel University London v.3 2024. All rights reserved 9 2. Targeting proteins to ER, Golgi, lysosomes and secretion Signal recognition particle Image of a free and membrane-bound ribosomes. The Cell, 2006 Cotranslational translocation: Proteins are synthesised at the same time they are translocated to the endoplasmic reticulum Copyright © Brunel University London v.3 2024. All rights reserved 10 2. Targeting proteins to ER, Golgi, lysosomes and secretion Phosphate Protein Endosome Image of a free and membrane-bound ribosomes. The Cell, 2006 Nucleus Copyright © Brunel University London v.3 2024. All rights reserved 11 Post translational modifications Phosphorylation (phosphate) Regulation of via kinases. protein activity Hydroxylation (-OH) Collagen via hydroxylases. synthesis Ubiquitination (76aa ubiquitin) Protein via ubiquitin ligases. degradation Acetylation (-CO-CH3) Gene regulation via acetyl transferases. Copyright © Brunel University London v.3 2024. All rights reserved 12 Post translational modifications Phosphorylation (phosphate) Regulation of via kinases. protein activity Hydroxylation (-OH) Collagen via hydroxylases. synthesis Ubiquitination (76aa ubiquitin) Protein degradation via ubiquitin ligases. Gene Acetylation (-CO-CH3) regulation via acetyl transferases. Copyright © Brunel University London v.3 2024. All rights reserved 13 Post translational modifications Proteolysis Proprotein Copyright © Brunel University London v.3 2024. All rights reserved Protein post translational modifications https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K2bGjTaNsnM Copyright © Brunel University London v.3 2024. All rights reserved To contact me: [email protected] Copyright © Brunel University London v.3 2024. All rights reserved