21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World PDF

WELCOME TO 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE From the Philippines and the World WHAT IS THIS GENERAL DESCRIPTION This course aims to engage students in the SUBJECT appreciation and critical study of 21st Century Literature from the Philippines ALL ABOUT? and the Worl...

WELCOME TO 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE From the Philippines and the World WHAT IS THIS GENERAL DESCRIPTION This course aims to engage students in the SUBJECT appreciation and critical study of 21st Century Literature from the Philippines ALL ABOUT? and the World encompassing their various dimensions, genres, elements, structures, contexts, and traditions. WHAT IS THIS COURSE DESCRIPTION Study and appreciation of the SUBJECT literature of the region where the school is located in relation to the ALL ABOUT? literature of the other regions of the country. HELLO WRITERS! SHALL WE Let us try to figure out how the BEGIN? TO world changed over time through START... these pictures. Let us try to figure out how the following movies or series reflect our country  Identify the geographic, linguistic, and ethnic dimensions of Philippine literary history OBJECTIVES from pre-colonial to contemporary; Show a sense of adaptability to the History of Philippine Literature; and Demonstrate understanding and appreciation of the History of Philippine literature through creative forms.  1. Introduction to Literature OUTLINE 2. Geographic, Linguistic, and Ethnic Dimension 3. History of Philippine Literature 4. Activities and Questions  WHAT IS LITERATURE FOR YOU?  IS IT IMPORTANT TO STUDY LITERATURE? INTRODUCTION Literature comes from the latin word “littera” which means writing formed with letters Britannica defines literature as a body of writing belonging to a given language or people Cambridge Dictionary defines literature as written artistic works, especially those with a high and lasting artistic value DIMENSIONS GEOGRAPHIC Belonging to or characteristic of a particular region or location LINGUISTIC Language form or language use ETHNIC Pertains to a characteristic of a group of people sharing a common culture, religion, language, or the like. LITERATURE vs. literature LITERATURE “Literature” (capitalized) – it refers to a specific body of work or a formal category of written works, especially in academic or critical discussions. Example: English Literature literature “literature” (lowercase) – it is used broadly to refer to written works in general, regardless of the genre or language. Example: novel, poetry, essay  LITERARY STANDARDS  Appeals to our sense of ARTISTRY beauty Literary pieces must stimulate thought. It should enrich our mental life by making us realize about the INTELLECTUAL fundamental truths towards life and human nature. VALUE  This is the quality relevant to the emotional power of SUGGESTIVE literature to make us feel VALUE deeply and stir our imagination. A literary work must elevate the spirit within us by bringing our moral values into SPIRITUAL the realm of the physical VALUE world.  A great literary work endures and can be read PERMANENCE again as each readings gives fresh delights and new insights. A great literary work is timeless and timely. It is forever relevant, it appeals to one and all, anytime, and UNIVERSALITY anywhere. It is peculiar way I which a writer sees life, form his or her ideas expresses them. STYLE  HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE ACTIVITY 1 AMERICAN JAPANESE SPANISH COLONIAL COLONIAL COLONIAL PRE-COLONIAL CONTEMPORARY  HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE PRE-COLONIAL SPANISH COLONIAL AMERICAN JAPANESE CONTEMPORARY COLONIAL COLONIAL  PRE-COLONIAL This existed before the Spanish SLOWER HISTORICAL SYMBOLISM occupation in the 1500s. & PACING DOCUMENTS ALLEGORY It is oral and full of lessons and ideas about life, its blessings, and its consequences. It contains ideas from birth to the grave.  LITERARY FORMS FOLK SONGS ORAL LITERATURE SLOWER A song that SYMBOLISM & A literature that is PACING originates in ALLEGORY spoken, a literature traditional popular that is passed on culture or that is from one generation written in such a to another through style. storytelling or singing  FOLK SONGS 1.HELE- These are sung to put babies to sleep. SLOWER TAGAY- These are sung SYMBOLISM & PACING during drinking ALLEGORY sessions. 2.HARANA- These are used by young men to capture the heart of the girl that they love.  FOLK SONGS 3.SONGS OF DEATH- are 4.RELIGIOUS SONGS- are SLOWER lamentations that SYMBOLISM & PACING songs or chants that ALLEGORY contain the roll of are usually given good deeds that the during exorcisms and dead has usually done thanksgiving during to immortalize his or good harvest. her good image.  FOLK SONGS 3.TAGAY- These are sung SLOWER during drinking SYMBOLISM & PACING sessions. ALLEGORY  FOLK TALES FOLK TALES- a story 1. MYTHS- Natural and originating in popular strange occurrences SLOWERtypically culture, SYMBOLISM of the earth & PACING passed on by word of ALLEGORY mouth. 2. LEGENDS- The natives understood mysteries around them  FOLK TALES 3.FABLES- Brief stories that cater children of SLOWER the native SYMBOLISM & PACING ALLEGORY 4.EPICS- These contain encounters of fighters, stereotypical princes, or heroes that save a damsel in distress.  LITERARY FORMS 5. BUGTONG- These are SLOWER SYMBOLISM statements that & contain PACING ALLEGORY superficial words, but they function figuratively and as metaphors, and are in the form of questions.  LITERARY FORMS 6. SALAWIKAIN- These are SLOWER SYMBOLISM & the statements that are PACING ALLEGORY considered as wise. These are usually given by parents or elders of the community. There is the belief that experience is the best teacher.  SPANISH COLONIAL The start of the Philippine’s more colorful history took place on March 6, 1521 when Ferdinand SLOWER HISTORICAL SYMBOLISM Magellan docked on the shores of Homonhon. & PACING DOCUMENTS ALLEGORY The Filipinos were then called “Ladinos”, meaning they were latinized. Filipinos were called two things. One is the “Taga-Bayan”, while the other is the “Taga-Bukid” or “Taga- Bundok”.  RELIGIOUS LITERATURE Revolves around the life a. Pasyon – it is about and the death of Jesus the passion (journey SLOWER Christ. SYMBOLISM & and suffering) PACING and the ALLEGORY death of Jesus Christ b. Senakulo – it is the re-enactment of the Pasyon  RELIGIOUS LITERATURE c. Komedya – it depicts the European society through love SLOWER and fame, but can also be SYMBOLISM & PACINGabout a journey, narrative ALLEGORY just like Dante Alighieri’s Divine Comedy. It is also considered religious, because it usually depicts the battle between the Christians and the Saracens or the Moros.  SECULAR LITERATURE Revolves around tales of valiance and adventure. SLOWER a. Awit – these are tales of SYMBOLISM & PACING chivalry where a knight ALLEGORY saves a princess. b. Korido – is a metrical tale or tale that follows the structure of a poem.  PROPAGANDA LITERATURE These were in the forms of satires, editorials, and news articles that aimed to attack the Spanish Rule SLOWER PACING  PROPAGANDA LITERATURE Graciano Lopez Jaena SLOWER Ang Fray Botod – written in Iloilo PACING (1876), six years after the Cavite Revolt attacking the friars in the Philippines. He exposed how some of the friars were greedy, ambitious and immoral.  PROPAGANDA LITERATURE Marcelo Del Pilar SLOWER Kaiingat Kayo (Be Careful) – a PACING humorous and sarcastic dig in answer to Fr. Jose Rodriguez in the novel NOLI of Rizal, published in Barcelona in 1888. He used Dolores Manapat as pen-name here.  REVOLUTIONARY LITERATURE Exposes that sparked revolution and resistance in the hearts of Filipinos. SLOWER PACING  REVOLUTIONARY LITERATURE Andres Bonifacio SLOWER Katungkulang Gagawin ng mga Anak ng PACING Bayan (Obligations of our Countrymen) – an outline of obligations just like Ten Commandments, it is likewise called Ang Dekalogo.  REVOLUTIONARY LITERATURE Emilio Jacinnto SLOWER Liwanag at Dilim (Light and PACING Darkness) – a collection of essays on different subjects like freedom, work, faith, government and love of country.  REVOLUTIONARY LITERATURE Apolinario Mabini El Desarollo Y Caida de la Republica SLOWER Filipina (The Rise and Fall of the PACING Philippine Republic) – thi essay highlights the establishment of the Philippine republic and its subsequent doom due to disunity among the Filipinos.  REVOLUTIONARY LITERATURE Dr. Jose Rizal SLOWER El Filibusterismo – this is a PACING sequel to the Noli. While the Noli exposed the evils in society, the Fili exposed those in the government and in the church  AMERICAN COLONIAL The literature during the American period was considered SLOWER HISTORICAL imitative of the American Model SYMBOLISM & PACING DOCUMENTS ALLEGORY Instead of asking the students to write originals, students ended up following the form of American poets.  AMERICAN COLONIAL 1. Poetry – it still followed the style of the old, but had contents that ranged from free writing to SLOWER societal under the Americans. SYMBOLISM & PACING ALLEGORY Jose Corazon de Jesus Popularly known as “Batute”, created his own generation with his book of poems. Sa Dakong Silangan (1928) – returned to the awit form, retelling the history of the Philippines under Spain, the coming of the U.S under the guise of friendship to take over from Spain.  AMERICAN COLONIAL 2. Drama – was usually used in the American Period to degrade the Spanish rule and to immortalize the SLOWER heroism SYMBOLISM of the men who fought under the & Katipunan. PACING ALLEGORY Severino Reyes spearheaded a movement to supplant the komedya with a new type of drama, the sarsuwela, a Filipino adaptation of the Spanish zarzuela. Walang Sugat (1902) – is a sarsuwela (drama in the form singing) drawn from the period of friars and the heroism of the soldiers of the Katipunan.  AMERICAN COLONIAL 3. Remake Novels – took up Dr. Jose Rizal’s portrayal of social conditions by colonial SLOWER repression. SYMBOLISM & PACING ALLEGORY Gabriel Beato Francisco Is best known for his trilogy of Fulgencia Galbillo(1907), Capitan Bensio (1907), Alfaro (1909), depicting the 30 years of colonial repression by the Spanish rule. AMERICAN COLONIAL Inigo Ed. Regalado Madaling Araw(1909) was his fist novel SYMBOLISM & showing the complex interrelations of ALLEGORY issues and people contemporary Philippine society.  JAPANESE COLONIAL Japanese suppressed Filipino writer’s SLOWER works strictly. SYMBOLISM & PACING ALLEGORY There was minimal freedom of speech and of the press.  JAPANESE COLONIAL Haiku A SLOWER poem of free verse that the Japanese PACING like Made up of 17 syllables divided into 3 lines (5-7-5 syllables) It is allegorical in meaning, short and covers a wide scope in meaning  JAPANESE COLONIAL Tanaga A SLOWER poem composed of four lines with each PACING line having seven syllables Like the Haiku, it is short, but has measure and rhyme Written in aaaa or aabb, abba, or abab rhyming pattern  CONTEMPORARY There are a lot of literary innovations that are adapted and SLOWER created by Filipinos. SYMBOLISM & PACING There are a lot of new forms ALLEGORY from the basic genres of literature; thus, proving how far it will go on from here.  CONTEMPORARY The new trends have been used and introduced to SLOWER meet the needs and tastes ofSYMBOLISM the & new PACING ALLEGORY generation. 21st Century learners are demanded to be ICT inclined to compete with the style and format of writing as well. New codes or lingos are used to add flavor in the literary pieces produced nowadays. WRITTEN WORK 1 HOUSE ACTIVITY PERFORMANCE TASK 1 CHARACTER PORTRAYAL Choose "ONE" from the National Artists for Literature (Philippines). Search for a picture of him or her and search for one of his or her famous works. On our next meeting, one from your group will dress and act like him or her while the others will dress as the main characters from the famous work of his that you have chosen. PERFORMANCE TASK 1 CHARACTER PORTRAYAL In portraying the author kindly copy his mannerism and deliver one of his famous line. (coming from an interview or any wise word from him) In portraying the characters, deliver a memorable line from the literature/work you have chosen.  CRITERIA Characterization (Accuracy of character portrayal) 30% Resemblance (Resemblance of the costume, accessories 30% and make-up) Craftmanship (Workmanship, creativity and intricacy of costume detail) 20% Entertainment value and presence 20% QUESTIONS? AD ASTRA PER ASPERA To the stars through difficulties  SEE YOU NEXT FRIDAY? GOD BLESS YOU AND HAPPY WEEKEND!