NSTP Citizenship Training 2024 Drug Education PDF

NSTP CITIZENSHIP TRAINING SEPTEMBER 7, 2024  RAMIL FERNANDO S. BRUCAL,MBA,MM (C.A.R)  A.K.A  SIR BRUCS  SIR ORANGE  SPIDERBRUCS ThankYou and God bless Us. SPIDER...

NSTP CITIZENSHIP TRAINING SEPTEMBER 7, 2024  RAMIL FERNANDO S. BRUCAL,MBA,MM (C.A.R)  A.K.A  SIR BRUCS  SIR ORANGE  SPIDERBRUCS ThankYou and God bless Us. SPIDERBRUCS DRUG EDUCATION BY: PSSG EMELITA T FLORES SCOPE OF DISCUSSION  History  Definition  Effects of Drugs  Classification of Drugs  Causes of Drug Abuse  R.A. 9165 ACCORDING TO UNITED NATION  340 tons - world heroin seizure.  430-450 tons of heroin into the global heroin market.  50 tons of opium from Myanmar and the Lao People's Democratic Republic  380 tons of heroin and morphine, is produced exclusively from Afghan opium  5 tons are consumed and seized in Afghanistan.  375 tons is trafficked worldwide via routes flowing into and through the countries neighboring Afghanistan. EFFECTS OF COVID-19 ON DRUG MARKETS It is unknown and hard to predict but it could be far reaching. Some producers could be forced to seek out new ways to manufacture drugs as restrictions on movement constrict access to precursors and essential chemicals. Drug use around the world has been on the rise, in terms of both overall numbers and the proportion of the world’s population that uses drugs. In 2009, the estimated 210 million users represented 4.8 per cent of global population aged 15‒64, compared with the estimated 240 million users in 2011. in 2018 number of users grew from 269 million  In 2021, 1 in every 17 people aged 15–64 in the world had used a drug in the past 12 months users is reaching 296 million (5.8 per cent of the global population aged 15–64). This is a 23 per cent increase, partly due to population growth. Drug use is higher in urban areas than in rural areas, in both developed and developing countries drug use is more widespread in developed countries than in developing countries Drug markets are becoming increasingly complex. Plant-based substances such as cannabis, cocaine and heroin have been joined by hundreds of synthetic drugs  192 million people used cannabis  58 million people used opioids  27 million people used amphetamines  66 per cent of the estimated 167,000 deaths  1.4 million are living with HIV due to drug use  5.5 million with hepatitis C  1.2 million are living with both hepatitis C and HIV. SUPPLY CHAIN 240,800 hectare area under opium poppy cultivation. (704 tons) 244,200 hectare Coca bush cultivation. (1723 tons) 228 tons quantity of methamphetamine production globally DRUG USE AND HEALTH CONSEQUENCES  AT PRESENT, 219 MILLION USERS OF CANNABIS. IT CONTINUES TO BE THE MOST USED DRUG. 35 MILLION PEOPLE HAD USED AMPHETAMINES 22 MILLION HAD USED COCAINE AND; 20 MILLION HAD USED “ECSTASY”-TYPE SUBSTANCES UNODC – UNITED NATION OFFICE OF DRUG & CRIME  2023 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF DANGEROUS DRUG BOARD (91.74%) MALES, AROUND EIGHT PERCENT (7.70%) FEMALES, AND LESS THAN ONE PERCENT (0.56%) LGBT  2023 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF DANGEROUS DRUG BOARD THE YOUNGEST IS 12 WHILE THE MOST SENIOR IS 68 MOST OF THEM BELONG TO THE AGE GROUP OF 40 AND ABOVE MEAN AND MEDIAN ARE 35 YEARS OLD  2023 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF DANGEROUS DRUG BOARD MORE THAN HALF (52.07%) ARE SINGLE, AND ABOUT A FOURTH (23.26%) ARE MARRIED; THOSE WHO HAVE LIVE-IN PARTNERS COMPRISED TWENTY PERCENT (19.87%), AND THE REST, NEARLY FIVE PERCENT (4.80%) ARE EITHER WIDOW/ER, SEPARATED, DIVORCED, OR ANNULLED  WHAT IS DRUGS? a chemical substance that brings about physical, physiological, behavioral and/or psychological change in a person taking it. REMEMBER: all medicines are drugs, but not all drugs are medicinal drugs. When Drugs Become Harmful? Any drugs will become harmful when taken in:  Excess  Dangerous Combination  By hypersensitive person  WHY SHOULD WE AVOID DANGEROUS DRUGS? Because:  IT IS ILLEGAL – prohibited by Law (RA 9165)  HEALTH – damages our brain and body.  PSYCHO-SOCIAL – destroys one’s behavior and causes one to commit crime.  SPIRITUAL – against the WILL OF GOD  MEDICINAL DRUGS A substance which when taken into the human body cures illness and/ or relieves signs/symptoms of disease.  DANGEROUS DRUGS a substance affecting the central nervous system which when taken into the human body brings about physical, emotional or behavioral changes in a person taking it.  WHAT ARE CONSIDERED AS DANGEROUS DRUGS? substance affecting the central nervous system which when taken into the human body brings about physical, emotional or behavioral changes in a person taking it. WHAT ARE CONSIDERED AS DANGEROUS DRUGS? it is a substance which when taken into the human body alters mood, feelings and behavior.  DRUG ABUSE any non-medical use of drugs that cause physical, psychological, legal, economic, or social damage to the user or to people affected by the user's behavior.  ABUSE refers to illegal drugs but may also be applicable to drugs that are available legally, such as prescribed medications and certain over-the-counter medications. CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS TWO GEN. TYPES OF DRUGS Prescriptive Drugs Over the counter drugs ACCORDING TO ORIGIN NATURAL DRUGS SYNTHETIC DRUGS  ACCORDING TO ORIGIN NATURAL DRUGS - are active ingredients secondary metabolic products of plants and other living systems that may be isolated by extraction. ex. raw opium marijuana coca bush  SYNTHETIC DRUGS are artificially produced substances, synthesized in the laboratory for the illicit market, which are almost wholly manufactured from chemical compounds in illicit laboratories. ex. methamphetamine barbiturates ACCORDING TO LEGAL CLASSIFICATION: RA 9165 (comprehensive Dangerous Drug Act of 2002) RA 6425 (DD act of 1972, Classified as: regulated and prohibited) Under RA 9165 the term prohibited and regulated was changed into dangerous drug. UNDER RA 6425 DANGEROUS DRUGS ARE CLASSIFIED AS: prohibited regulated volatile substances PROHIBITED DRUGS includes opium and its active components and derivatives, such as heroin and morphine; coca leaf and its derivatives, cocaine; alpha and beta eucaine; hallucinogenic drugs such as mescaline, LSD and other substances produce similar effects; Indian hemp and its derivatives; (amended BP 179 March 2,1982) REGULATED DRUGS includes self inducing sedatives, such as secobarbital, Phenobarbital, pentobarbital, barbital, amobarbital and any other drug which contains a salt or a derivative of a salt of an isomer, of amphetamine, such as Benzedrine or Dexidrine, or any drug which produces a physiological action similar to amphetamine, and hypnotic drugs, such as methaqualone, nitrazepam, or any other compound producing similar physiological effects. (PD 1683 March 14, 1980)  VOLATILE SUBSTANCE liquid, solid or mixed substances having the property of releasing toxic vapors or fumes or any chemical substance which when sniffed, smelled, inhaled or introduced into the physiological system of the body produce/induce a condition of intoxication, inebriation, excitement, stupefaction, etc.  IMMEDIATE PRECURSOR a chemical substance used in the clandestine manufacturing process becomes incorporated in full or in part into the final molecules of a substance under international control  ESSENTIAL CHEMICALS chemical substance used as reagent or solvent in the illegal manufacture of controlled substances. ACCORDING TO INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION narcotic substance psychotropic substances designer drugs ACCORDING TO PHARMACOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION (EFFECTS) stimulants hallucinogens depressants inhalants  STIMULANTS are drugs which increase alertness of physical disposition ex. Amphetamine street name: eye opener, lid poppers, pep pills, uppers, hearts what it is: reduces appetite relieves mental depression comfort fatigue and sleepiness. how taken: orally as tablet or capsule. effects: wakefulness, increased alertness/initiative. toxic: from restlessness in coma and death. dangers: dependence, overdose, violent/bizarre behavior.  SHABU (METHAMPHETAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE) Street name: poor man's cocaine, S, shabs, ubas, siopao, sha, ice what it is: white odorless crystal/crystalline powder with a bitter numbing taste how taken : ingestion, inhalation (chasing the dragon), sniffing, injection, smoked EFFECTS: General: anxiety, Irritability, irrational behavior long term: psychosis similar to schizophrenia, difficulty in concentrating, loss of interest in sex physical: chest pain, irregular heartbeat, convulsion, hypertension, death Dangers: injection from contaminated needles may lead to risk of infections, phlebitis, septicemia, AIDS, etc.  HALLUCINOGENS are drugs which affect sensation, thinking, self-awareness and emotion. changes in time and space perception, delusions (false beliefs) and hallucinations may be mild or overwhelming, depending on dose and quality of drugs.  ECSTACY street name: XTC, adam, essence, E, herbals how taken: swallowing or inhalation effects: exagerated emotions, makes HR and BP hike up, dries the mouth, stiffens arms, legs jaw; dilates pupils of the eyes, causes faintness, chills sweating and nausea dangers: it can really kill  LSD (LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE) street name: lucy in the sky with diamonds, wedding bells, acid, white sugar, lightning, cubes, brain eaters what it is: a semi-synthetic alkaloidsubstance extracted from a fungus which grows on rye, wheat, and other grains; odorless, tasteless, colorless EFFECTS: Psychological: vivid hallucinations, confusion, blurring and distinction between conscious and unconscious thought, etc. Physical: dilated pupils, flushed face, increased BP, etc Dangers: may cause abnormal amount of breakage of chromosomes of WBCs that carry genes, which may result to miscarriages and birth defects.  MARIJUANA street name: mary jane, flower, pampapogi, brownines, damo, pot, tea, joint, dops what it is: comes from cannabis sativa L. (indian hemp); looks like fine, green tobacco how taken: smoked in pipes/cigarettes; can be taken in food; make into candy; sniffed in powder form; mixed with honey or butter EFFECTS: immediate: faster heartbeat, bloodshot eyes, dry mouth long term: chest pain, temporary loss of fertility, cancer, marijuana burn-out dangers: slows down user's mental and psychomotor activities; long-term use may lead to psychological dependence; may lead to cancer  DEPRESSANTS are drugs which depress or lower the functions of the central nervous system. TYPES OF DEPRESSANTS:  narcotics - a drug which induces sleep (hypnotics) or stupor and relieve pain (analgesics) - something that soothes, or causes a sensation of mental numbness - this includes opium, opiates, heroin, morphine, and codeine tranquilizers - a substance that reduces anxiety, ease tension and relax muscles sedatives and hypnotics - calm the nerves, reduce tension and induce sleep. ex. barbiturates, alcohol INHALANTS these are any liquid, solid or mixed substance that has the property of releasing toxic (psychoactive) vapors or fumes. ex. solvent, glue, gasoline, kerosene, paint, thinner, naphthalene. DRUGS MAYBE IN DIFFERENT FORMS: 1. TABLETS 5.CIGARETTE 2. CAPSULES 6. POWDER 3. SYRUP/LIQUID 7. CRYSTALS 4. PLANT  COMMON METHOD ON HOW DRUGS ARE TAKEN?  Oral - safest most convenient  Injection – through veins  Inhalation - inhaled and absorbed  Topical - directly to a body site such as the skin  Iontophoresis - into the deeper layers of the skin  AMOUNT OF DRUG IN-TAKE  Minimal Dose - to treat or heal Maximal Dose - produce a desired therapeutic effect  Toxic Dose - produces untoward effects  Abusive Dose - produce the side effects  Lethal Dose – amount that will cause death THE CAUSES OF DRUG ABUSE PEER PRESURE CURIOSITY - A state in which you want to learn more about something IGNORANCE - The lack of knowledge or education ALIENATION - The feeling of being alienated from other people CHANGING SOCIAL STRUCTURE URBANIZATION & UNEMPLOYEMENT WHAT ARE THE COMMON SIGNS OF DRUG ABUSER?  Unpredictable mood depending on a drug taken  Usually seen associating with known drug abusers  Absent-minded or lack of concentration  Shows anxiety, restlessness and irritability  Has distorted senses of values, rebellious and manifest fears of unknown danger or threat  Unusual effort made to cover arms to hide scars or self inflicted wounds or needle marks  Fond of wearing sunglasses at inappropriate times, either at night or indoors, not only hide dilated or constricted pupils but also to compensate for the eyes inability to adjust to sunlight  WHAT ARE THE COMMON SIGNS OF DRUG ABUSER?  Suffers from nasal secretions and constantly tearful eyes  Engages in petty crime just to support the drug habit  Irregular attendance at work or school  Prefers to be alone in odd or secluded places  Change from normal capabilities in work, habits or efficiency in the performance of duties or obligations  Shabby personal appearance caused by inattention to propriety of attire and personal hygiene  Does daring activities occasionally despite the possible dangerous consequences  Shows extreme cheerfulness and exhilaration but sudden depression and desperation later  PRIMARY CAUSE OR CAUSES AND CONTRIBUTORY FACTORS TO DRUG ABUSE  FAMILY EFFECT TO THE FAMILY Loss of family harmony Family will be low moral The spirit of togetherness and unity will be lost Loss of money, valuables and property PRIMARY CAUSE OR CAUSES AND CONTRIBUTORY FACTORS TO DRUG ABUSE  SCHOOL  COMMUNITY  MEDIA  BIOLOGICAL FACTORS  PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS  PARENTAL NEGLIGENCE  SOCIOLOGICAL FACTORS EFFECT TO THE SOCIETY  Increase of heinous crime  Increase of immorality (prostitution, pedophilia, child abuse)  Down fall of social values of the country  Limited movement of people most especially at night for fear EFFECT TO THE ECONOMY  Economic Sabotage  Draining of huge amount of money from our country  Aggravate poverty problem  Slow economic growth  Communication on both public and private officials DISEASES RESULTING FROM SUBSTANCE ABUSE x Mental diseases (anxiety, depression, paranoia, psychosis, suicide……) x HIV AIDS, Hepatitis, Septicemia (from injection type of drugs needle sharing) x Dependence, withdrawal symptoms (Any physical or psychological disturbance (as sweating or depression) experienced by a drug addict when deprived of the drug) x Respiratory Tract Infections, nose and mouth ulcerations (smoking and snorting) x Other systemic diseases  R.A. 9165 otherwise known as the DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT of 2002 gives single definition for prohibited and regulated drugs. the old law defines the term "dangerous drugs" as pertaining to either "prohibited drug" or "regulated drug".  DRUG DEPENDENCE a state of psychic or physical dependence, or both, on a dangerous drug arising in a person following administration or use of that drug on a periodic or continuous basis.  CHARACTERISTICS OF DRUG DEPENDENCY: Physical dependence - the body's physical system changes until the body needs that particular drug in order to function. Mental or psychological dependence - a need of drug in order to feel good, to get by or feel normal.  Idiosyncrasy or side effect  "SELL" act of giving a dangerous drug whether for money or any other material consideration. SEC. 5 Sale, Trading, Administration, Dispensation, Delivery, Distribution and Transportation of Dangerous Drugs and/or Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals. – The penalty of life imprisonment to death and a fine ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00) SEC. 11 Possession of Dangerous Drugs. – The penalty of life imprisonment to death and a fine ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00)  10 grams or more of opium; 10 grams or more of morphine; 10 grams or more of heroin; 10 grams or more of cocaine or cocaine hydrochloride; 50 grams or more of methamphetamine hydrochloride or “shabu”; 10 grams or more of marijuana resin or marijuana resin oil; 500 grams or more of marijuana; 10 grams or more of other dangerous drugs such as, but not limited to, methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) or “ecstasy” etc. SEC. 12 Possession of Equipment , Instrument, Apparatus and Other Paraphernalia for Dangerous Drugs. – The penalty of imprisonment ranging from six (6) months and one (1) day to four (4) years and a fine ranging from Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) to Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00)  “USE" refers to the act of injecting, intravenously or intramuscularly, or of consuming, either by chewing, smoking, sniffing, eating, swallowing, drinking or otherwise introducing into the physiological system of the body, any of the dangerous drugs. SEC. 15 Use of Dangerous Drugs –A person apprehended or arrested, who is found to be positive for use of any dangerous drug, after a confirmatory test, shall be imposed a penalty of a minimum of six (6) months rehabilitation in a government center for the first offense, subject to the provisions  On Article VIII of this Act. If apprehended using any dangerous drug for the second time, he/she shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment ranging from six (6) years and one (1) day to twelve (12) years and a fine ranging from Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) to Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00)  ???????????? Bakit andito ako ngayon? Bakit andito ka ngayon mam? Nganong gitudluan me nimo ana mam?  CURRICULA OF ALL ELEMENTARY, SECONDARY, AND TERTIARY PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS-WHETHER GENERAL, TECHNICAL, VOCATIONAL, OR AGRO- INDUSTRIAL-SHALL INTEGRATE INSTRUCTION ON DRUG ABUSE PREVENTION AND CONTROL. SUCH INSTRUCTION SHALL INCLUDE: DRUG EDUCATION, To know the ff; Adverse Effects Of The Abuse And Misuse Of Dangerous Drugs On The Person, The Family, The School, And The Community; Preventive Measures Against Drug Abuse, Health, Socio- cultural, Psychological, Legal, And Economic Dimensions And; Implications Of The Drug Problem; Steps to take when intervention on behalf of a drug dependent is needed, as well as the services available for the treatment and rehabilitation of drug dependents; and; Misconceptions about the use of dangerous drugs such as, but not limited to, the importance and safety of dangerous drugs for medical and therapeutic use as well as the differentiation between medical patients and drug dependents in order to avoid confusion and accidental stigmatization in the consciousness of the students. ROLE OF ALL HEADS, SUPERVISORS AND TEACHERS OF SCHOOLS IN RA 9165: shall deemed persons in authority and, as such, are hereby empowered to apprehend, arrest, or cause the apprehension or arrest of any person who shall violate any of the said provisions. They shall be deemed persons in authority if they are in the school or within its immediate vicinity, or even beyond such immediate vicinity if they are in attendance at any school or class function in their official capacity as school heads, supervisors, and teachers. DOES THE ACT ALSO COVER OUT-OF-SCHOOL YOUTH? YES. with the assistance of the Dangerous Drugs Board, the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG), the National Youth Commission (NYC) and the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) shall establish in their provincial offices of special education drug center for out-of-school-youth and the street children. Such Center, which shall be headed by the Provincial Social Welfare Development Officer, shall sponsor drug prevention programs, activities and information campaigns for the purpose of educating out-of-school youth and street children on the pernicious effects of drugs when abuse. The programs initiated by the Center shall likewise be adopted in all public and private orphanages and existing special centers for street children. QUESTION?????????? what happens to confiscated, seized and surrendered dangerous drugs, plant sources of dangerous drugs, controlled Precursors and essential chemicals, instruments/paraphernalia and/or laboratory equipment's? WAYS TO PREVENT DRUG ABUSE:  Don’t start nor try  Close family ties  Choose your friends  Strong moral foundation  Community vigilance  Establishing trusting relationships and help the user to express feelings. ILL EFFECTS OF ILLEGAL DRUGS MENTAL HOSPITAL JAIL FINAL DESTINATION  “ DON’T LET DRUGS KEEP YOU FROM YOUR DREAMS”  “ SUMAMA KAY LORD, HUWAG SA DRUG LORD”  “ DROGA AY IWASAN UPANG GUMANDA ANG KINABUKASAN” THANK YOU For Listening  ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS IN THE PHILIPPINES DO YOU LIKE FRESH AIR? BUT THE AIR WE BREATH IS NO LONGER CLEAN!!! ✓ Smoke from cars and industries ✓ Toxic Fumes ✓ Smoke from humans  DO WE HAVE LAWS THAT PROTECT IN ORDER TO MAINTAIN THE CLEANLINESS OF OUR AIR? REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8749 also known \ “PHILIPPINE CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1999”  “PHILIPPINE CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1999” AN ACT PROVIDING FOR A COMPREHENSIVE AIR POLLUTION CONTROL POLICY AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES Approved on June 23, 1999 under the administration of President Joseph Estrada  SECTION 2. DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES The State shall protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature. The State also recognizes the principle that "polluters must pay". The State recognizes that a clean and healthy environment is for the good of all and should, therefore, be the concern of all. SECTION 3. DECLARATION OF POLICIES. Formulate a holistic national program of air pollution management that shall be implemented by the government through proper delegation and effective coordination of functions and activities SOME CLEAN AIR PROGRAM Motor Vehicle Emission Management Program, Industrial Emission Management Program, Roadside ambient and general ambient air monitoring. SECTION 4. RECOGNITION OF RIGHTS. The right to breathe clean air; The right to utilize and enjoy all natural resources according to the principles of sustainable development; The right to participate in the formulation, planning, implementation, and monitoring of environmental policies and programs and in the decision-making process; The right to bring an action in court for compensation of personal damages resulting from the adverse environmental and public health impact of a project or activity. PROHIBITED ACTS | FINES AND PENALTIES  For violations of all other provisions provided in the Act and these Implementing Rules and Regulations, a fine of not less than Ten Thousand Pesos (P 10,000.00) but not more than One Hundred Thousand Pesos (P 100,000.00) or six (6) years imprisonment or both shall be imposed. If the offender is a juridical person, the president, manager, directors, trustees, pollution control officer, or officials directly in charge of the operations shall suffer the penalty herein provided.  BURNING OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND WASTES Any person who burns hazardous substances and wastes in violation of Section 1 of Rule XXV shall be punished with four (4) years and one (1) day to six (6) years imprisonment. BURNING OF BIO-MEDICAL WASTE Any person who burns bio-medical waste in violation of Section 4 of Rule XXV shall be punished with four (4) years and one (1) to six (6) years imprisonment.  SMOKING IN PUBLIC PLACES Any person who smokes inside a public building or an enclosed public place, including public utility vehicles or other means of public transport or in any enclosed area outside of his private residence, private place of work or any duly designated smoking area shall be punished with six (6) months and one (1) day to one (1) year imprisonment or a fine of ten thousand pesos (P 10,000.00).  MANUFACTURE, IMPORTATION, SALE, OFFER FOR SALE, INTRODUCTION INTO COMMERCE, CONVEYANCE OR OTHER DISPOSITION OF LEADED GASOLINE. Any person who manufactures, imports, sells, offers for sale, introduces into commerce, conveys or otherwise disposes of, in any manner leaded gasoline shall be punished with three (3) years and one (1) day to five (5) years imprisonment and liable for the appropriate fine  MISFUELLING Misfuelling refers to the act of introducing or causing or allowing the introduction of leaded gasoline into any motor vehicle equipped with a gasoline tank filler and labeled “unleaded gasoline only.” Any person who misfuels shall be punished with one (1) year and one (1) day to three (3) years imprisonment or a fine of twenty thousand pesos (P 20,000.00) CASES RULED: REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9003 “ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ACT OF 2000”  “ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ACT OF 2000” AN ACT PROVIDING FOR AN ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM, CREATING THE NECESSARY INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS AND INCENTIVES, DECLARING CERTAIN ACTS PROHIBITED AND PROVIDING PENALTIES, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES Approved on January 21, 2001 under the administration of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo This law adheres to adopt a systematic, comprehensive and ecological solid waste management program which shall: Ensure the protection of public health and environment; Utilize environmentally sound methods that maximize the utilization of valuable resources and encourage resources conservation and recovery; EASY AND SIMPLE WAYS TO REDUCE WASTE Donate Clothes. Avoid Food Wrapped In Plastic. Bring Your Own Bag.  Set guidelines and targets for solid waste avoidance and volume reduction through source reduction and waste minimization measures, including composting, recycling, re- use, recovery, green charcoal process, and others, before collection, treatment, and disposal in appropriate and environmentally sound solid waste management facilities in accordance with ecologically sustainable development principles; Ensure the proper segregation, collection, transport, storage, treatment, and disposal of solid waste through the formulation and adoption of the best environmental practices in ecological waste management excluding incineration; PROHIBITED ACTS | FINES AND PENALTIES SECTION 48. PROHIBITED ACTS Littering, throwing, dumping of waste matters in public places, such as roads, sidewalks, canals, esteros or parks, and establishment, or causing or permitting the same; Any person who violates Sec. 48 paragraph (1) shall, upon conviction, be punished with a fine of not less than Three hundred pesos (P300.00) but not more than One thousand pesos (P1,000.00) or render community service for not less than one (1) day to not more than fifteen (15) days to an LGU where such prohibited acts are committed, or both;  The open burning of solid waste; Any person who violates Sec. 48, pars. (4), (5), (6) and (7) shall, upon conviction, be punished with a fine of not less than One thousand pesos (P1,000.00) but not more than Three thousand pesos (P3,000.00) or imprisonment of not less than fifteen (15) day but to not more than six (6) months, or both;  Open dumping, burying of biodegradable or non- biodegradable materials in flood prone areas; Any person who violates Sec. 48, pars. (12) and (13) shall, upon conviction, be punished with a fine not less than Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) but not more than Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00) or imprisonment of not less than thirty (30) days but not more than three (3) years, or both; CASES RULED REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9275 “PHILIPPINE CLEAN WATER ACT OF 2004” “PHILIPPINE CLEAN WATER ACT OF 2004.” An Act Providing for a Comprehensive Water Quality Management and for Other Purposes Signed on March 2004 under the administration of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo SEC. 2. Declaration of Policy. The State shall pursue a policy of economic growth in a manner consistent with the protection, preservation and revival of the quality of our fresh, brackish and marine waters. As such, it shall be the policy of the State: To streamline processes and procedures in the prevention, control, and abatement of pollution of the country's water resources; To promote environmental strategies, use of appropriate economic instruments, and control mechanisms for the protection of water resources; To formulate a holistic national program of water quality management that recognizes that water quality management issues cannot be separated from concerns about water sources and ecological protection, water supply, public health and quality of life;  MONITORING OF THE COMPLIANCE OF FIRMS/INDUSTRIES; CONDUCT OF CLASSIFICATION OF WATERBODIES; DESIGNATION OF WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT AREAS  SOME ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED TODAY: Water Pollution Flood and Oil Erosion Loss of Aquatic Animals PROHIBITED ACTS | FINES AND PENALTIES  Discharging or depositing any water pollutant to the water body, or such which will impede natural flow in the water body Discharging, injecting or allowing to enter into the soil, anything that would pollute groundwater Operating facilities that discharge regulated water pollutants without the valid required permits Disposal of potentially infectious medical waste into sea by vessels The following are among the fines and penalties for violators of this Act and its IRR: Upon the recommendation of the Pollution Adjudication Board (PAB), anyone who commits prohibited acts such as discharging untreated wastewater into any water body will be fined for every day of violation, the amount of not less than Php 10,000 but not more than Php 200,000. SECTION 16. CLEAN-UP OPERATIONS. Any person who causes pollution in or pollutes water bodies in excess of the applicable and prevailing standards shall be responsible to contain, remove and clean-up any pollution incident at his own expense to the extent that the same water bodies have been rendered unfit for utilization and beneficial use  Failure to undertake clean-up operations willfully shall be punished by imprisonment of not less than two years and not more than four years. This also includes a fine of not less than Php 50,000 and not more than Php 100,000 per day of violation. Failure or refusal to clean up which results in serious injury or loss of life or lead to irreversible water contamination of surface, ground, coastal and marine water shall be punished with imprisonment of not less than 6 years and 1 day and not more than 12 years and a fine of Php 500,000/day for each day the contamination or omission  In cases of gross violation, a fine of not less than Php 500,000 but not more than Php 3,000,000 will be imposed for each day of violation. Criminal charges may also be filed. WHAT IS THE PURPOSE THE PHILIPPINE CLEAN WATER ACT?  TO ENCOURAGE THE ROLE PRIVATE INDUSTRIAL COMPANIES IN DEFINING THEIR REGULATORY PROFILE WITHIN THE APPROPRIATE LIMITS OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT. PROMOTE COMMERCIAL AND MANUFACTURING PRACTICES AND THE GOODS THAT ARE ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY AND ENERGY EFFICIENT. JURISPRUDENCE HAVE YOU HEARD THE WORD EXTINCTION? WHAT IS EXTINCTION? It occurs when species are diminished because of environmental force and human activities such as deforestation, hunting, pollution and etc., REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9147 “WILDLIFE RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND PROTECTION ACT”  “Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act.” AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE CONSERVATION AND PROTECTION OF WILDLIFE RESOURCES AND THEIR HABITATS, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES Approved on July 30, 2001 under the administration of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo SECTION 2. DECLARATION OF POLICY It shall be the policy of the State to conserve the country’s wildlife resources and their habitats for sustainability. In the pursuit of this policy, this Act shall have the following objectives: (a) to conserve and protect wildlife species and their habitats to promote ecological balance and enhance biological diversity; (b) to regulate the collection and trade of wildlife; Wildlife means wild forms and varieties of flora and fauna, in all developmental stages, including those which are in captivity or are being bred or propagated; Section 7. Collection of Wildlife Collection of wildlife may be allowed. Provided, That in the collection of wildlife, appropriate and acceptable wildlife collection techniques with least or no detrimental effects to the existing wildlife populations and their habitats shall, likewise, be required: Provided, further, That collection of wildlife by indigenous people may be allowed for traditional use and not primarily for trade: Provided, furthermore, That collection and utilization for said purpose shall not cover threatened species: Section 8. Possession of Wildlife. No person or entity shall be allowed possession of wildlife unless such person or entity can prove financial and technical capability and facility to maintain said wildlife. Section 17. Commercial Breeding or Propagation of Wildlife Resources Breeding or propagation of wildlife for commercial purposes shall be allowed by the Secretary or the authorized representative through the issuance of a wildlife farm culture permit: SECTION 5. DEFINITION OF TERMS Endangered species - refers to species or subspecies that is not critically endangered but whose survival in the wild is unlikely if the causal factors continue operating; Critically Endangered - a species or subspecies that is facing extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future; “Endemic species” means species or subspecies which is naturally occurring and found only within specific areas in the country; WHAT ARE THE ILLEGAL ACTS AND CORRESPONDING PENALTY OF THIS LAW? SECTION 27. ILLEGAL ACTS It shall be unlawful for any person to willfully and knowingly exploit wildlife resources and their habitats, or undertake the following acts: Killing and destroying wildlife species, except in the following instances: (i) when it is done as part of the religious rituals of established tribal groups or indigenous cultural communities; (ii) when the wildlife is afflicted with an incurable communicable disease; (iii) when it is deemed necessary to put an end to the misery suffered by the wildlife; (iv) when it is done to prevent an imminent danger to the life or limb of a human being; and (v) when the wildlife is killed or destroyed after it has been used unauthorized research or experiments. PENALTY : Imprisonment of a minimum of six (6) years and one (1) day to twelve (12) years and/or a fine of One hundred thousand pesos (100,000.00) to One million pesos (1,000,000.00), if inflicted or undertaken against species listed as critical;  (b) inflicting injury which cripples and/or impairs the reproductive system of wildlife species; Penalty: Imprisonment of four (4) years and one (1) day to six (6) years and/or a fine of Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) to Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00), if inflicted or undertaken against endangered species;  collecting, hunting or possessing wildlife, their by- products and derivatives; gathering or destroying of active nests, nest trees, host plants and the like; maltreating and/or inflicting other injuries not covered by the preceding paragraph; and transporting of wildlife.  imprisonment of two (2) years and one (1) day to four (4) years and a fine of Thirty thousand pesos (P30,000.00) to Three hundred thousand pesos (P300,000.00), if inflicted or undertaken against species listed as critical; imprisonment of one (1) year and one (1) day to two (2) years and a fine of Twenty thousand pesos (P20,000.00) to Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00), if inflicted or undertaken against endangered species; CASES RULED BY COURT: THANK YOU FOR LISTENING! To God be all the glory!