2024 Gastrointestinal System 1 Lecture 1 PDF

VETM 5192 Gastrointestinal System 1 Fall 2024 Lecture 1 1  Today Course introduction Philosophy Logistics Expectations Lecture 1 Broad overview Directional terminology 2  Philosophy and Why 3  Philosophy...

VETM 5192 Gastrointestinal System 1 Fall 2024 Lecture 1 1  Today Course introduction Philosophy Logistics Expectations Lecture 1 Broad overview Directional terminology 2  Philosophy and Why 3  Philosophy and Why Goal = Good Clinician! NOT GRADES NOT GRADES NOT GRADES 4  Philosophy and Why Goal = Good Clinician! 5  Being admitted to the profession of veterinary medicine, I solemnly swear to use my scientific knowledge and skills for the benefit of society through the protection of animal health and welfare, the prevention and relief of animal suffering, the conservation of animal resources, the promotion of public health, and the advancement of medical knowledge. I will practice my profession conscientiously, with dignity, and in keeping with the principles of veterinary medical ethics. I accept as a lifelong obligation the continual improvement of my professional knowledge and competence. 6  Philosophy and Why Our profession Your future 7  Course Introduction Normal animal Foundational knowledge Necessary to understand where failure of normal leads to abnormal (or clinical mistakes) for a general practitioner in the first year of general practice. Clinical relevance included Retention of knowledge Application of knowledge Not just memorize I accept as a lifelong obligation the continual improvement of my professional knowledge and competence. 8  Course Introduction Class culture Adults Colleagues Professionals Ethical Fun Active Engaged Open discussion Judgement-free 9  Course Introduction Communication [email protected] Building 11 90% of the time Next to Clinical skills lab VMC 10  Course Introduction 14 instructors! Based on input from 100s Faculty Current students Private practice Recent grads etc 11  Course Introduction Not just memorize How do we do this? Retain How do we know if we are doing it effectively? Apply Question styles on assessments How? Think!!! Application/integration Active learning Constant small knowledge checks Projects Retrieval Discussions Answer questions Spaced delivery Repetition Not a list of LOs specifically covered in each But different session Retrieval Spaced delivery Regular knowledge checks 12  Course Introduction 2023 Feedback-induced changes Review sessions Material changes Schedule changes 2023 Declined changes What is going to be on exam Exam question format LOs started and completed in one session 13  Course Introduction Example Describe how fats regulate small intestinal motility? Reflexes between stomach and SI Chemo receptors Distension Hormones Species 14  Course Introduction In surgery, the holding layer is referred to as the tissue layer that has the greatest structural strength. It is important to include this tissue layer when suturing so that the sutures do not tear through the tissue. The holding layer for the intestinal tract is the layer that contains the most collagen. Mark the layer holding layer in the image below. 15  Course Introduction eLC Syllabus Course schedule Material by week Tophat 16  Course Introduction Formal = 80% Informal = 20% Formal Mid-term = 30% End of week 2 11/22/24 - 8-10 AM Go home for Thanksgiving! Final = 50% End of week 4 12/13/24 Go home for the Holidays! Informal Two take-home eLC quizzes = 10% (5% each) End of week 1 5% End of week 3 - 5% Posted on Friday by 5 PM Due Tuesday by 10 AM 17  Course Introduction Final exam Cumulative What is going to be on exam? Proportional to class time spent on topic 18  Course Introduction Mid-term Cumulative 19  Course Introduction Communication Everything subject to change Muddy points Performance on assessments Student questions General impression Ideas From faculty And students 20  Course Introduction Flow of course 21  Course Introduction Flow of course 22  Course Introduction Flow of course 23  Course Introduction Flow of course 24  Course Introduction Week 1 (+/-) Week 2 (+/-) Week 3 (+/-) General course map 4 weeks Week 4 25  Course Introduction Week 1 Broad overview Body wall and abdominal cavity Oral cavity Major concepts in digestive physiology Intro Nutrition Intro 26  Course Introduction Gross Function Histology Nutrition Imaging Clinical Pathology Clinical Application 27  Lecture 1 28  GI Tract Structures for this Course Nutrition Body wall Abdominal cavity Mouth Teeth, tongue, salivary Pharynx - Swallowing Esophagus Stomach And adaptations for ruminants Pancreas Liver Small intestine Large intestine Rectum/Anus 29  GI Tract Other words Gut Bowel Intestinal tract Digestive system Gastroenterology Simple ish 30  Classifications Not necessarily exclusive Stomachs Monogastric: Single chambered stomach abomasum Site of fermentation Hind-gut fermenters: Monogastrics but specialized for fermentation in large intestine Forestomach: Ruminants, camelids Diet based: Carnivore, herbivore, piscivore, omnivore Obligate carnivore? meatonly enviro Facultative carnivore? couldeatmeatonlyifnecessary Exotics/insects/fish All sorts of variations 31  Classification Specialized function = specialized anatomy Gross and histology But same foundation 32  Anatomy KISS Keep it simple stupid Flow of feed Mouth Esophagus Stomach (+ forestomach for ruminants) Small intestine Large Intestine I Rectum/Anus 33  Anatomy Understand From the perspective of the flow of feed Vs. memorize Transverse Transverse Example Ascending Ascending Large Intestine Ascending Ascending Cecum Colon Descending Descending Ascending colon Descending Descending Transverse colon Descending colon Rectum Anus Transverse Transverse 34  Anatomy Directional Terminology Outside of animal 35  Anatomy GI-specific Ascending Y s Toward the head, cranially Transverse Across (left to right or right to left) Descending Toward the tail, caudally Orad Toward the oral cavity Vt Aborad correct Away from the oral cavity Proximal Toward the oral cavity front Distal Away from the oral cavitymad 36  Major Function - Stomach Acidic digestion Enzymatic digestion HEHE Mechanical digestion foot and 8 0 transverse off 37  Major Function Small Intestine Long tubular structure Dog 10-20ft Horse 60-70ft Cow 130-160ft Function Most similar among species Enzymatic digestion Absorption Immune functions 38  Major Function Large Intestine Highly specialized among species Fermentation Absorption of water Anatomy among species Pig within him 39  Major Function Cecum Varies among species Fermentation 40  Major Function Ascending Colon Varies among species Fermentation Absorption 41  Descending Colon/Rectum/Anus Tube Absorption Transport Storage Similar among species 42  Questions? 43