2024 HED 261 LECTURE 2 HUMAN VALUES (1).ppt

HED 261 TEACHING AND LEARNING Lecture 2 HUMAN VALUES and CODE OF ETHICS FOCUS QUESTIONS 1. What are values and ethics? 2. How are values formed? 3. Why are they important in education? 4. How can teachers inculcate human values in students? 5. What is code of ethics and why i...

HED 261 TEACHING AND LEARNING Lecture 2 HUMAN VALUES and CODE OF ETHICS FOCUS QUESTIONS 1. What are values and ethics? 2. How are values formed? 3. Why are they important in education? 4. How can teachers inculcate human values in students? 5. What is code of ethics and why is that important? Lecture Sequence Introduction Definition Categories of human values Universal values How values are formed Approaches to teaching Human values in school Importance of Human values in education Teacher role in inculcating human values Code of ethics Conclusion Introduction Education for Human Values should be considered as a central core in the entire life of the school and outside of school. Defining Human Value Human Values are important and lasting beliefs and ideals shared by members of a culture about what is good or bad or desirable or undesirable(Business Dictionary)  Values are socially approved desires and goals that are internalized through the process of conditioning, learning, socialization or aspiration(Prof R.K. Mukajee) Guidelines for our success, our paradigm to what is acceptable. Definition cont’d Human values are a set of consistent behaviors and measures that guide human beings in doing what is right and acceptable by the society. They attract dignity, respect and appropriateness among people. Human values are people's beliefs, feelings and attitudes towards things, situations or other people. Human values examples are : respect, appreciation, acceptance, listening, openness, affection, love etc.  Gagana Samoa: Agatausili.  Categories of Human Values. PERSONAL: desires of individual whatever they are in social relationships. Honesty, self-confidence, self-motivation courage, punctuality, creativity, ambition etc.. CULTURAL: right & SOCIAL: vital in interaction wrong, good & bad, custom with others. & behaviour. Love, friendship, Reflected in language, peer group, patience, justice, VALUES ethics, social hierarchy, forgiveness, coordination, education, law, economics, tolerance etc.. social institution etc. UNIVERSAL: indicate the essence of SPIRITUAL: highlight the Human condition. principles of self-restraint, Truth, right action, peace,love, self-discipline, control, purity, Non-violence… devotion to God etc.. ‘Empowering learners through value education’ (http://ashokad.wordpress.com/empowering-learners-through-value-education  UNIVERSAL VALUE RIGHT NON TRUTH PEACE LOVE ACTION VIOLENCE Five Universal Values The five human values, which can be found in all cultures, all societies and in all religions, are Truth, Right Conduct, Love, Peace and Non- Violence. These values are eternal; which elevate human life to its highest expression, its highest capacity. values Truth  Develops the intellect. Teaches reasoning and discrimination  Focus on doing the right Right Conduct/action action. Honesty, willing to work hard, listen etc Peace  Focus on humility, self respect, discipline, self control, respect for others etc Love  Focus on sincerity, kindness, friendship, tolerance etc  Focus on considering Non-violence others, respect etc How are values built? What/Who influence your values People/things and Age influence your values: - Ages 1-7 …parents - Ages 8-13 …teachers, heros (sports, tv..) - Ages 14-20 ….peers - Ages 21 + …values are established.. Values can change over life-time as your experiences change your view. Inculcating of Human Values at School There are two main approaches to teach values at school. 1. The Direct method (actual teaching) Stories/fagogo Values based songs Activities (gratitude journals, honesty & role-play scenarios, sharing and generosity act, respect diversity and differences) 2. Inter-curriculum and extra- curriculum method. Integrating/ incoperating human values into: Curricular activities of all subject areas taught in class.(eg. field activity allows appreciation of environment)  Extra- curricular activities that fall outside the normal curriculum. (sports day-physical act and also teach cooperation, culture day) In doing these, children also learn to appreciate and value people, things and ideas. Samoan Values in education In Samoa some of the most important values that identify us and most appropriate for successful learning are: Love & respect Sharing & cooperation; Hospitality, caring & giving Patience Agatausili mo aoaoga. Faaaloalo, loto alofa, loto maulalo, faamaoni, lototele, sogasoga, le faailoga tagata, onosai ma nisi. How do we maintain these Samoan values at school today? The key values upon which the Samoan education system is based on are as follows: Equity Quality Relevancy Efficiency Sustainability Safety Discipline This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC Teacher Role in developing values in students. Teacher plays a vital role in inculcating of human values in the classroom. Being the role-model, caregiver & ethical mentor A teacher who reflects in her own behaviour the principles of human values is a teacher in the best and most comprehensive sense of the word.  Importance of Human value education Address the It helps students importance of develop creating well-  Self-awareness rounded individuals  Emotional who are not only intelligence academically  Social skills that are successful, but also needed to succeed have a strong moral in today’s society. and ethical compass. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA An education in Human Values, both formal and informal, may encourage students to: Develop their own personal moral codes and have a concern for others. (caring for people and resources) Reflect on experiences and search for meaning and patterns in their experiences. Implement/have self respect and respect for commonly held value. ( such as honesty, truthfulness and justice). Construct socially responsible judgments and to be able to provide justification of decision and actions. (fairness Gives direction and consistency to behaviour Establish relationship between you and the world Set the direction for ones life. Human values and Code of Ethics Human values are used to set laws in most cases. These laws/principles are known as Ethics. Code of Ethics for Teaching Profession States the principles and expectations governing behaviors of individuals in teaching. (NZ as eg) 1)Commitment to Learners. Primary professional obligation is to the learners. Teacher nurtures the capabilities of all learners, to think and act with developing independence and to strive to encourage an informed appreciation of the fundamental values of democratic society. 2) Commitment to Parents/Family. Teacher recognize that they work with parent/family of the learners, encouraging their active involvement in the education of their children. They acknowledge the right of the parents Code of ethics for Teaching profession to consultation on the welfare and progress of their children and respect lawful parental authority. 3)Commitment to Society. Teachers are vested by society with trust and responsibility together with the expectation that they will help to prepare students for life in society in the broadest sense. 4)Commitment to the Profession In the belief that the quality of the services of the teaching profession influences the nation and its citizens, teachers shall exert every effort to maintain and raise professional Conclusion. “Your beliefs become your thoughts, Your thoughts become your words, Your words become your actions, Your actions become your habits, Your habits become your values, Your values become your destiny.” Mahatma Gandhi Further discussion in tutorials `` Education in Human values. Discuss Samoan values that have been declined and should be nurtured as part of teaching and learning in schools.