The Lungs and the Pleura PDF

The Lungs and the Pleura Dr. Lindsey Koper Dept. of Anatomy [email protected] Pleura Surrounds the lings Ventral Body Cavity Membranes layers city is the opening btw the parietal visceral layer PLEURAL SPACE Pleura theyare fire thick layer you rail see if • Mesothelial lin...

The Lungs and the Pleura Dr. Lindsey Koper Dept. of Anatomy [email protected] Pleura Surrounds the lings Ventral Body Cavity Membranes layers city is the opening btw the parietal visceral layer PLEURAL SPACE Pleura theyare fire thick layer you rail see if • Mesothelial lining of each hemithorax • Derived from embryonic coelomic lining • Visceral pleura: lung • Parietal pleura: wall ii set into • Costal diff areas • Diaphragmatic • Mediastinal • Cervical PLEURA AND PLURAL CAVITY heat separate a ily from the lung diaphragmatic DIAPHRAGMATIC PARIETAL PLEURA serous membrane lining the pleural cavity on the superior surface of the diaphragm Ot diaphragmatic parietal pleura is continuous superiorly with the costal parietal pleura at the the diaphragm costodiaphragmatic reflection; it is continuous superiorly with the mediastinal pleura at the inferomedial borders of the pleural cavities MEDIASTINAL PLEURA o wfwediadi.at PLEURA AND PLEURAL CAVITY collapsed side this longon Pleural Cavity • Potential space between visceral & parietal pleura • Capillary layer of serous fluid produced by mesothelium • Reduces friction • Surface tension provides cohesion between lung and thoracic wall PLEURA serous membrane lining the pleural cavity not ID duringthelab there are two types of pleura: visceral pleura covers the lungs parietal pleura lines the inner surfaces of the walls of pleural cavity parietal pleura is sensitive to pain but visceral pleura is not Surfaces and Structures of Both Lungs Apical surface Oblique di itethe fissure super Superior lobe Superior lobe Oblique fissure anterior view Mediastinal Costal surface Horizontal fissure Costal surface b 08Middle Inferior lobe lobe 3 lobe doing lab you have to think Right Inferior lobe Lingula Ifted tissue Diaphragmatic surface ofH'IgpanatishtakotsidT Left dontlookthe same 61 I the on the left re O ca dices contribute inthis 2 area R. L. includes all your vessels are calledhilum Foyopposik type ofblood on impressions of the vessels (fold of pleura, extends to mediastinum) gathering of the parietal pleura Mediastinal surface Mediastinal Surface of Right Lung o 8 Mediastinal Surface of Left Lung Pulmonary aa. 8 Bronchus Pulmonary vv. (oxygenated blood) 0 MEDIASTINAL SURFACE OF LEFT LUNG impressions 8 Groove for descending aorta Cardiac impression wherethe heataifaally am 0 Miliary Tuberculosis lung look like with tuberculosis has iatilage Herolingual at the rib feel at the 1 look like a 2 bifurcation sponge Trachea if O Eden eatsomething uneng I will go to the rightsite typically O Branching of the Bronchial Tree Left primary bronchus Right primary bronchus Trachea bifurcates into Right and Left primary bronchi (singular = bronchus) Next branching (not required for lab) but for the texture -Secondary bronchi youhave to know -Tertiary bronchi 3 2 3 tertiarybronchi 2 2 of the 2 3 2 secondary bonds 3 Trachea bifurcates at the level of sternal angle Right bronchus – wider, shorter e and runs more vertically - If something is accidentally swallowed, most likely to fall into the right Left bronchus – passes inferior to arch of aorta and anterior to esophagus and thoracic aorta Thyroid cartilage Trachea (with cartilaginous rings) Left primary bronchus Secondary and tertiary bronchi O Trachea bifurcates at the level of sternal angle pampavatsy pathetic TY it The deep part of the cardiac plexus is situated in front of the bifurcation of the trachea, and behind the aortic arch. It is formed by the cardiac nerves derived from the cervical ganglia of the sympathetic trunk, and the cardiac branches of the vagus and recurent laryngeal n. The ridge at the lower end of the trachea separating the openings of the two primary bronchi internalview the carina is a cartilaginous ridge in the sagittal plane of the trachea where it splits into the two primary bronchi. Note: the carina is located on the *internal* surface at the point of the tracheal bifurcation. BRONCHI asyougo downthis Youlose cartilage PULMONARY ARTERY PULMONARY ARTERY placefor bifavnation Time she Broncial anley small line PLEURA inhaleasfat the sympathetic fo th asthma attack activated when have asthma you attack GUA A Diaphragm INNERVATION TO PLEURA Costal parietal pleura- intercostal nerve Diaphramatic pleura – phrenic nerve Visceral pleura – no innervation need y phone n COSTAL PARIETAL PLEURA serous membrane lining the pleural cavity on the inner surfaces of the ribs, costal cartilages, and intercostal mm. COSTAL PARIETAL PLEURA IS CONTINUOUS: anteriorly with the mediastinal parietal pleura at the costomediastinal reflection posteriorly with the mediastinal parietal pleural at the vertebral bodies inferiorly with the diaphragmatic parietal pleura at the costodiaphragmatic reflection superiorly with the cervical parietal pleura at the level of the 1st rib y diff borders of the pleura CUPULA the top of the lung serous membrane lining the pleural cavity which extends above the level of the 1st rib into the root of the neck cupular pleura is continuous inferiorly with the costal and mediastinal parietal pleurae; it is reinforced by a specialization of scalene fascia (called Sibson's fascia or suprapleural membrane) also known as: cervical parietal pleura or cervical dome of pleura RECESSES clinically relevant one behind the sternum and costal cartilages (costomediastinal recess), one between the diaphragm and chest wall this (costodiaphragmatic recess), car Synonyms: recessus pleurales, pleural sinuses spares PLEURAL SAC AND RECESSES this space extends to the 8th rib in the midclavicular line, 10th rib in the midaxillary line, and 12th rib at the medial scapular/paravertebral line 0 COSTODIAPHRAGMATIC RECESS a potential space between the apposing surfaces of the costal and diaphragmatic parietal pleura COSTOMEDIASTINAL RECESS this space is more pronounced on the left because of the location of the heart confoundiaolid space and a potential space between the apposing surfaces of the costal and mediastinal parietal pleura 8 PNEUMOTHORAX regular air to your rib rage • Presence of free air or gas in the pleural cavity • Collapse of ipsilateral lung due to pressure change & disruption of surface tension • Potential for mediastinal shifts your mediastinal shift when you have hole injury to the'm once open pneumothorax 1 Secondhand smoke and lung cancer EMPHYSEMA CANCER