Muscular System PDF HU40 Health Science I

Muscular System 2.00 Understand the body’s support systems 2.02 Understand the structures, functions, and disorders of the muscular system HU40 Health Science I Types of Muscles Fun Fact:...

Muscular System 2.00 Understand the body’s support systems 2.02 Understand the structures, functions, and disorders of the muscular system HU40 Health Science I Types of Muscles Fun Fact: You are born with all the muscles your are going to have through your Skeletal- found on bones lifetime!! It’s what you do with Cardiac- found only in heart them that makes a difference. Smooth- found in organs and blood vessels Sphincter- special circular muscles that open and close to allow passage of substances HU40 Health Science I Characteristics of Muscles Contractibility- allows Extensibility- ability to muscle tissue to pull or stretch or extend shorten Elasticity-able to return to Excitability- able to its original state respond to a stimulus HU40 Health Science I Muscles- Anterior and Posterior HU40 Health Science I Muscles of the Head and Neck Frontalis-moves Temporalis-chewing eyebrows up and wrinkles muscle of the upper jaw the forehead that covers the temporal Masseter-chewing bone muscle of the jaw Zygomaticus major- Orbicular Oculi-closes smiling muscle the eyelids Sternocleidomastoid- Orbicular oris- encircles rotates the head and the mouth flexes the neck HU40 Health Science I Muscles of the Torso/Trunk External intercostals- External Oblique- located between the ribs. Assist the on each side of the lungs by raising the ribcage. abdominus rectus. Twists the Diaphragm- thin muscle that trunk. separates the thoracic and Internal Oblique- located abdominal cavities. Contracts on each side of the and flattens when you inhale. abdominus rectus below the external obliques. Assists Rectus Abdominus- don’t with twisting the trunk and confuse with rectum! Rectus respiration. means long thin muscle. These Latissimus Dorsi-lower are your abs “six pack”. They back muscle. Largest muscle help bend your abdomen. in the upper body. HU40 Health Science I Muscles of the Upper Extremities Trapezius- upper back- Biceps brachi- lifts the supports the arm and forearm. On the anterior helps with scapula. of the upper arm. Deltoid- helps lift the Triceps Brachi- posterior upper arm. Site for arm. Straightens the arm. injections. Brachioradialis-flexes Pectoralis Major-chest the forearm. Pronation muscles. Assist with arm and supination. movements and motion. HU40 Health Science I Muscles of the Lower Extremities Gluteus medius- sits on Gastrocnemius- don’t get the outer surface of the mixed up with stomach!! ilium. Helps with hip Calf muscle. Works with the movement. soleus. Moves the knee by Gluteus maximus- bending. buttocks. Helps with several hip movements. Soleus-under the gastrocnemius. Runs from Vastus lateralis-side of thigh. Helps extend the the knee to the heel. Helps knee and move leg with standing and walking. forward. HU40 Health Science I Muscles of the Lower Extremities Sartorius- longest muscle Tibialis Anterior- on the in the human body. Runs front of the tibia. Dorsiflex from the hip, across the and inverts the foot. thigh to the medial knee. Crossing your legs is one function. Rectus Femoris- long thin muscle on the femur. Part of the quads. Helps with knee extension and hip flexion HU40 Health Science I Muscle Tone Atrophy- wasting away of muscle usually due to not being used. Hypertrophy- overgrowth of muscle Muscle Fatigue- inability to generate force- exhaustion HU40 Health Science I Functions of the Muscular System Movement Skeletal System Digestive system Heart Posture Body Heat HU40 Health Science I Disorders of Muscular System Fibromyalgia Muscle pain Fatigue Sleep disorders Memory loss Mood swings Mostly affects women. May be triggered after trauma, surgery, infection or stress. No cure. Treat the symptoms. HU40 Health Science I Disorders of Muscular System Hernia An organ pushes through an opening in a muscle Many occur in abdomen in groin area. Most are not life threatening but may need surgical repair. Symptoms: bulge or lump in the affected area that disappears when lying down. HU40 Health Science I Disorders of Muscular System Muscle Spasms Sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle. May be caused by overuse of the muscle, dehydration or electrolyte imbalance. Symptoms: Pain Treatment: usually resolves on its on. Stretching and massaging the muscle. Apply ice. Rehydrate. HU40 Health Science I Disorders of Muscular System Muscular Dystrophy A group of diseases that cause progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass. Many different kinds. Mostly affects boys. Symptoms: Frequent falls, difficulty rising from a sitting position, muscle pain and stiffness. No cure. Treat the HU40 Health Science I symptoms with Disorders of Muscular System Strain Muscle tear and/or damage to the tendons. Symptoms: swelling, bruising, pain, weakness of muscle or inability to use it at all. Treatment: RICE, Nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs- NSAIDS ex. Ibuprofen HU40 Health Science I Disorders of Muscular System Tendonitis Inflammation of the tendons Caused by overuse or overload of tendon. Shoulder is most common followed by elbow. Symptoms: dull aching pain that worsens at night of the affected area. Treatment: Rest, Ice, HU40 NSAIDS, splints Health Science I or braces. Disorders of Muscular System Tetanus Serious illness caused by Commonly known as Clostridium bacteria. “Lockjaw” Bacteria can enter the Can interfere with body through a deep cut. breathing Symptoms: painful Rare in the US due to tightening of the muscles, tetanus vaccine usually all over the body. Treatment: managing the complications. HU40 Health Science I Works Cited Wikimedia types of Muscles https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=muscular+system&title=Special%3AS earch&go=Go&ns0=1&ns6=1&ns12=1&ns14=1&ns100=1&ns106=1#/media/File:Muscular _system.svg Wikimedia Muscles Anterior and Posterior July 2020 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Search&limit=20&offset=20&ns0 =1&ns6=1&ns12=1&ns14=1&ns100=1&ns106=1&search=muscles&advancedSearch-curre nt={}#/media/File:Muscles_anterior_labeled.png https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?sort=relevance&search=File%3AMuscles+post erior.png&title=Special:Search&profile=advanced&fulltext=1&advancedSearch-current=%7 B%7D&ns0=1&ns6=1&ns12=1&ns14=1&ns100=1&ns106=1#/media/File:Muscle_posterior. png HU40 Health Science I Works Cited Wikimedia Functions of the Muscles July 2020 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?sort=relevance&search=posture&title=Special:S earch&profile=advanced&fulltext=1&advancedSearch current=%7B%7D&ns0=1&ns6=1&ns1 2=1&ns14=1&ns100=1&ns106=1#/media/ File:Back_Brace_Posture_Corrector.jpg Wikimedia Hernia July 2020 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=hernia&title=Special%3ASearch&go=Go &ns0=1&ns6=1&ns12=1&ns14=1&ns100=1&ns106=1#/media/File:A_man_with_an_Inguinal_ Hernia.png Wikimedia Muscle Spasms https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?sort=relevance&search=File%3ASpasmodic+par aplegia+Wellcome+L0003445.jpg&title=Special:Search&profile=advanced&fulltext=1&advan cedSearch-current=%7B%7D&ns0=1&ns6=1&ns12=1&ns14=1&ns100=1&ns106=1#/media/ File:Spasmodic_paraplegia_Wellcome_L0003445.jpg HU40 Health Science I Works Cited Wikimedia Disorders of the Muscular System July 2020 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Search&limit=20&offset=40&profile =default&search=Muscular+atrophy&advancedSearch-current={}&ns0=1&ns6=1&ns12=1& ns14=1&ns100=1&ns106=1#/media/File:1025_Atrophy.png Wikimedia Muscle Strain July 2020 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?sort=relevance&search=muscle+strain&title=Sp ecial:Search&profile=advanced&fulltext=1&advancedSearch-current=%7B%7D&ns0=1&ns6= 1&ns12=1&ns14=1&ns100=1&ns106=1#/media/File:3D_Medical_Animation_Depicting_Strain- Tendon.jpg Wikimedia Tendonitis July 2020 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Search&limit=20&offset=0&profile =default&search=tendonitis&advancedSearch-current=%7B%7D&ns0=1&ns6=1&ns12=1&ns 14=1&ns100=1&ns106=1&searchToken=2fl9oyra326jh965sjaa35rpy#%2Fmedia%2FFile%3A Achilles_tendonitis.jpg HU40 Health Science I Works Cited Wikimedia Tetanus July 2020 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?sort=relevance&search=tetanus&title=Special:S earch&profile=advanced&fulltext=1&advancedSearch-current=%7B%7D&ns0=1&ns6=1&ns1 2=1&ns14=1&ns100=1&ns106=1&searchToken=4881xhmpw16fimyrk96ankkx7#%2Fmedia% 2FFile%3AOpisthotonus_in_a_patient_suffering_from_tetanus_-_Painting_by_Sir_Charles_Bell _-_1809.jpg HU40 Health Science I