2. Introduction to Data.pptx

In this lecture  Understand the difference between Data and Information  Acquaint with DIKW pyramid  What is Data? Data are streams of raw facts representing events occurring in organizations or the physical environment before they have been organized and arranged into a f...

In this lecture  Understand the difference between Data and Information  Acquaint with DIKW pyramid  What is Data? Data are streams of raw facts representing events occurring in organizations or the physical environment before they have been organized and arranged into a form that people can understand and use. Data requires an interpreter (human or machine) to impart meaning to it Example: facts, observations, numbers, statements Data is an individual unit that contains raw materials which do not carry any specific meaning.  What is Information? Information implies data that has been shaped into a form that is meaningful and useful to human beings possess context, relevance, and purpose assigns meaning and improves the reliability of the data. Information is a group of data that collectively carries a logical meaning. Comparing Data and Information Raw data can be processed and organized to produce meaningful information. Like total unit sales of dish detergent or Total sales revenue from dish detergent for a specific store or sales territory DATA AND INFORMATION WITH EXAMPLE When data is processed, organized, structured or presented in a given context so as to make it useful, it is called information. Example. Each student's test score is one piece of data. The average score of a class or of the entire school is information that can be derived from the given data. Data Information Etymology – Latin word Etymology – French and ‘Datum’ means ‘to give English origin means something’ ‘act of informing’ Format - Qualitative or Format - Group of data quantitative variables which imparts meaning Representation –tabular, Representation – in form structured, graph, tree of thoughts or ideas Cannot be used for Can be used for decision decision making making Unprocessed Processed Never specific to user Always specific per user needs needs Dependency – none Dependency – On data (GIGO) DIKW Pyramid Informati Knowledg Data Wisdom on e DIKW Pyramid The DIKW Pyramid refers to the ‘Data, Information, Knowledge, Wisdom’ hierarchy which is basically a representation of the link between each of the constructs viz. Data, Information, Knowledge and Wisdom. Synonyms: Wisdom hierarchy, Knowledge hierarchy, Information hierarchy, Information pyramid, and the Data pyramid. Knowledge is an information which has been absorbed and reflects as a belief in an individual. Wisdom on the hand refers to the application of knowledge to different contexts Test your knowledge - Identify which is Data or Information? List of dates List of national holidays Temperature readings of a place Monsoon season to book hotels at a place Census data - What useful information can be extracted from this? Student chalkpad data Detainees in a course Student marks Toppers in a course Answers Data List of dates Temperature readings of a place Census data - What useful information can be extracted from this? Student chalkpad data Student marks Information Monsoon season to book hotels at a place Detainees in a course Toppers in a course List of national holidays