قانون هوك PDF

‫قانون هوك‬ ‫ُمقدم الى ‪:‬‬ ‫اسماء المشاركين‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫د‪.‬مقداد سالم عبدالله‬ ‫‪.1‬زهراء شاكر كامل‬ ‫‪.2‬كوثر رحمان مهدي‬ ‫‪.3‬منار قاسم نعمة‬ ‫‪.4‬فاطمة ناجح عبدالسادة...

‫قانون هوك‬ ‫ُمقدم الى ‪:‬‬ ‫اسماء المشاركين‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫د‪.‬مقداد سالم عبدالله‬ ‫‪.1‬زهراء شاكر كامل‬ ‫‪.2‬كوثر رحمان مهدي‬ ‫‪.3‬منار قاسم نعمة‬ ‫‪.4‬فاطمة ناجح عبدالسادة‬ ‫‪.5‬وفاء عبيد علي‬ ‫‪.6‬فاطمة ناهض عبدالله‬ Introduction Hooke’s Law, established by Robert Hooke in 1678, is a cornerstone in physics, explaining the relationship between the force exerted on an elastic object and its deformation. This law is widely used in engineering, mechanics, and materials science. Definition Hooke’s Law states that: F = kx Where: F: The force applied to the object (Newtons, N) k: The spring constant, representing the stiffness of the material (N/m) x: The displacement of the object from its equilibrium position (meters, m) The formula implies that the force applied to a spring is directly proportional to its displacement, within the elastic limit of the material. Elastic Limit Hooke’s Law is valid only when the material remains elastic. Beyond the elastic limit, the material undergoes permanent deformation, and the law no longer applies. Applications 1. Engineering: Hooke’s Law is vital in the design of mechanical systems like car suspensions and shock absorbers. 2. Construction: Used to calculate stress and strain in structural elements like beams and columns. 3. Medical Field: Essential for developing prosthetics and biomechanical devices. 4. Physics and Research: Helps in understanding oscillations, vibrations, and wave mechanics. Real-World Example Consider a spring with a spring constant k = 100 N/m. If it is stretched by 0.2 m, the force required can be calculated as: F = kx = 100 × 0.2 = 20 N. Conclusion Hooke’s Law provides a simple yet powerful tool for understanding the behavior of elastic materials under force. Its wide range of applications underscores its significance in both theoretical and practical aspects of science and engineering. References 1. Serway, R. A., & Jewett, J. W. (2018). Physics for Scientists and Engineers. 2. Halliday, D., Resnick, R., & Walker, J. (2013). Fundamentals of Physics.