Bottom-Up vs. Top-Down Processing PDF
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This document describes Bottom-Up and Top-Down processing, outlining how stimuli influence perception. It also explains Gestalt principles and how the brain groups similar items.
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↳ Trag, ↳ now easy stimulus Bottom-Up vs. Top-Down Processing stima • from background is to distinguish Bottom up Processing: Begins with stimulus. Stimulus influences what we perceive (our perception). o No preconceived cognitive constructs of the stimulus (never seen it before) o Data drive...
↳ Trag, ↳ now easy stimulus Bottom-Up vs. Top-Down Processing stima • from background is to distinguish Bottom up Processing: Begins with stimulus. Stimulus influences what we perceive (our perception). o No preconceived cognitive constructs of the stimulus (never seen it before) o Data driven. And the stimulus directs cognitive awareness of what you’re looking at (object) o Inductive Reasoning. Always correct. drawing general conclusions from specific observations . Top-down Processing: uses background knowledge influences perception. Ex. Where’s waldo o Theory driven. Perception influenced by our expectation o Deductive Reasoning o ex. creating a cube when it’s not there! Not always correct. ention • us back knowl edgebrand Shape · Perception "other , Gestalt Principles • • Gestalt Principles (i.e. Gestalt’s Laws of Grouping): Tries to explain how we perceive things the way we do. o Imagine watching a basketball game on TV. Why don’t we tell ourselves that we’re looking at bunch of still pictures rather influence ourselves that it’s some fluid realistic representation of basketball game? Similarity: items similar to one another grouped together by brain. Ex: The brain automatically organizes these squares and circles in columns, and not in rows. 15
