19th & 20th Century British History PDF

Realia, History and Culture of Great Britain The 19^th^ and 20^th^ century- Social and Economic Improvements, I. and II. World War Mgr. Ivana Horváthová, PhD. 1. Explain the term "*suffragette*": **As women started to demand the right to vote** **in national election a new group of female acti...

Realia, History and Culture of Great Britain The 19^th^ and 20^th^ century- Social and Economic Improvements, I. and II. World War Mgr. Ivana Horváthová, PhD. 1. Explain the term "*suffragette*": **As women started to demand the right to vote** **in national election a new group of female activists formed,called the suffragettes. They were labelled as radical,but if it hadn't been for their shocking methods they might have not succeeded.** 2. Briefly describe position of the Church in the 19^th^ century and compare it with the Tudors´ period. Do you see some changes? **In the Tudor period, the Church was a major political force, directly controlled or opposed by monarchs, while in the 19th century, its political power had faded significantly in many regions.** **By the 19th century, secular ideologies and institutions had grown in importance, whereas in Tudor times, religion dominated nearly all aspects of life.** 3. Write down the name of the sport becoming a "*symbol of fair play in national life*": **Cricket** 4. What does "*trade union*" stand for? **It was an organisation formed by workers and the working class. Trade unions advocate for better working conditions, fair wages, job security, and benefits for their members. They also serve as a platform for workers to negotiate with employers, often through collective bargaining.** 5. Explain the expression "*England´s summer*": **This term is often used to describe metaphorically a period of peak prosperity or cultural flourishing. During Queen Victoria's reign, England experienced industrialization, the expansion of the British Empire, and advancements in science, technology, and culture.This period is sometimes viewed as \"England\'s summer\" due to the nation's global dominance and the optimism of the age.** 6. Name the countries which were more powerful than Great Britain in the 19^th^ century: **During this period no single nation surpassed Britain in all dimensions of power. France ,Russia ,Germany and later USA came close but never on the same level.** 7. Is it true that Great Britain was at the beginning of the 20^th^ century the industrial power? Support your answer with arguments. **While Great Britain remained a major industrial power at the beginning of the 20th century, it was no longer the only or dominant leader. The United States and Germany had risen to challenge and, in some areas, surpassed Britain's industrial output and technological innovation. However, Britain's global empire and financial dominance ensured it remained a significant powerhouse.** 8. Charles Darwin published his theory of evolution in the book called: **The origin of species.** 9. Explain the term "*redbrick universities*": **It's a term used to describe a group of universities in UK. The term \"redbrick\" distinguished the new universities, often brick-built , from the older , mainly stone-built universities of Oxford and Cambridge.These new universities were unlike Oxford and Cambridge, and taught more science and technology to feed Britain\'s industries.** **University of Birmingham,Manchester,Liverpool for example.** 10. Was voting allowed to all people? Were there some limitations in terms of age? 11. Explain the interconnections between the Labour Party and trade unions: **The Labour Party and trade unions in the UK have been deeply interconnected since the party\'s visions shared same goals of representing and advancing the interests of the working class.** 12. After (year)... position of women began to improve. **1870?** 13. What does the term "*League of Nations*" stand for? **An organization established for international cooperation est. o January 1920 after the WW I , to prevent future conflicts. France,UK,Italy,Japan..USA never joined.** 14. Name at least 3 authors who freely discussed sensitive, taboo topics in their works (during this era): **Virginia Woolf,James Joyce,D.H.Lawrence,Aldous Huxley**