Pendahuluan Biologi Sem I 2024-2025 (PDF)

1. INTRODUCTION FROM CONCEPTS TO PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB A P P L I C AT I O N S SEM I 2024 2025 BI1011...

1. INTRODUCTION FROM CONCEPTS TO PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB A P P L I C AT I O N S SEM I 2024 2025 BI1011 BIOLOGI A 1 PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB SEM I 2024 2025 DOSEN PENGAMPU Sony Heru Sumarsono SITH - ITB 2  CAPAIAN PEMBELAJARAN MK Mahasiswa memahami dasar dasar biologi dari PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB makromolekul, sel, sistem organ, organisme hingga SEM I 2024 2025 ekosistem. Mahasiswa memahami bahwa ilmu biologi sangat luas dan banyak berkaitan dengan disiplin ilmu lainnya. Mahasiswa mampu mengasah critical thinking terkait konsep dan fenomena biologi. 3  SILABUS Matakuliah ini memberikan dasar-dasar Biologi PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB SEM I 2024 2025 dari makromolekul, sel, sistem organ, organisme hingga ekosistem. Dalam setiap topik bahasan matakuliah ini dijelaskan contoh-contoh konsep dasar biologi yang dapat diaplikasikan dalam disiplin ilmu lainnya. 4  PERATURAN MK BI1011 BIOLOGI A 2024 Kuliah dimulai tepat waktu, sesuai kesepakatan waktu PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB SEM I 2024 2025 Kehadiran 90% Tidak ada susulan untuk kuis / UTS / UAS Nilai: UTS : 35% UAS : 35% Kuis : 10% Tugas: 20% (Tugas Makalah / Presentasi) - Plagiarism, mencontek, memalsu dan/titip tanda tangan: tidak lulus 5  REFERENCES 1. Taylor, M.R., Simon, E.J., Dickey, PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB J.L., Hogan, K.A., Reece, J.B., SEM I 2024 2025 Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections, 10th Edition, Pearson, 2022 2. Mader,S.S. Windelspecht, M., Inquiry into Life, 17th Edition, , 2022 6  Mingg Materi u 1 Pendahuluan : Dari Konsep ke Aplikasi 2 Aplikasi Biologi di sekitar kita 3 Molekul dalam Sel 4 Aplikasi dari Molekul dalam Sel 5 Biologi Sel dan Molekular PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB 6 Aplikasi dari Biologi Sel dan Molekular SEM I 2024 2025 7 Genetika dan Evolusi MEKANISME 8 Aplikasi dari Genetika dan Evolusi PERKULIAHAN 9 Ujian Tengah Semester 10 Mikroorganisma dan Tumbuhan 11 Aplikasi dari Mikroorganisma dan Tumbuhan 12 Hewan 13 Aplikasi dari Hewan 14 Ekosistem dan Ekologi 15 Aplikasi dari Ekosistem dan Ekologi 16 Ujian Akhir Semester 7  P E N D A H U LUA N : D A R I KO N S E P K E A P L I K A S I Setelah Kuliah ini, mahasiswa PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB mampu : SEM I 2024 2025 Mendeskripsikan hubungan antara Biologi dengan disiplin lain. Menjelaskan ‘Sistem’ dalam Biologi Mendeskripsikan beberapa aplikasi dalam Biologi Modern 8  SEM I 2024 2025 9 DICIPLINS BIOLOGY OTHER WITH PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB  SEM I 2024 2025 10 PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB  SEM I 2024 2025 11 disciplines with other Biology PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB  SEM I 2024 2025 12 PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB  SEM I 2024 2025 13 PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB  SEM I 2024 2025 14 PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB  SEM I 2024 2025 15 MIKROORGANISMA DAN KITA PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB SEM I 2024 2025 A N E W E RA I N C L I N I C A L B I O M A R K E R D I S C O V E RY 16  SEM I 2024 2025 17 PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB  “ S Y S T E M S B I O LO GY ” ( S I S T E M B I O LO G I ) Systems biology is the computational and mathematical analysis and modeling of complex biological systems. It is a biology-based interdisciplinary field of study that PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB focuses on complex interactions within biological systems, SEM I 2024 2025 using a holistic approach (holism instead of the more traditional reductionism) to biological research Most biological systems lie between this deterministic order and chaos: Complex systems 18  Genomik, Proteomik, Transkriptomik (Omics era) & Sistem Biologi Genomics PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB SEM I 2024 2025 Proteomics Systems Biology 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 19  SYSTEMS B I O L O GY PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB ADAL AH SEM I 2024 2025 I N T E G R A S I D ATA DAN P E N D E K ATA N 20  Setiap system memiliki metoda untuk memodelkan PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB SEM I 2024 2025 IN VITRO IN VIVO IN SILICO 21  F R OM I N S I LI C O TO I N VI T R O AND APPLY T O I N VI VO PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB SEM I 2024 2025 22  FROM IN SILICO TO IN VITRO AND APPLY TO IN VIVO PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB SEM I 2024 2025 23  Pengetahuan di Biologi dan AI KAKI PALSU : FTMD  ANATOMY ROBOTIC DALAM PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB DUNIA KEDOKTERAN SEM I 2024 2025 24 PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB ARTIFICIAL SEM I 2024 2025 BLOOD APLIKASI PENGETAHUAN DALAM BIOLOGI SEL (MEMBRAN) DAN FISIOLOGI 25 PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB SEM I 2024 2025 DARI ALAM KITA BELAJAR......... SPIDROIN sebagai SCAFFOLD FOR BIO- BASED MATERIAL IN TISSUE ENGINEERING 3D PRINTING: NEW ERA FOR SCAFFOLD STRONG DEVELOPMENT BIOCOMPATIBLE  NEED TO KNOW BIODEGRADABLE ANATOMY/ STRUCTURE 26  Concepts in Pharmacogen omic PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB SEM I 2024 2025 Personalized medicine: develop drugs that target persons of specific genotypes 27 prescribe existing drugs PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB NATURAL MUTATION TO DESIGNED MUTATION SEM I 2024 2025 Myostatin acts by inhibiting the growth of muscles, It prevents muscles from growing too large i.e. inhibits proliferation of myoblasts that fuse to form skeletal muscle cells. Mutation in myostatin  muscle cell proliferation & growth >>> Inactivated myostatin  German Superboy 28  CELL CYCLES, GENE DOPING: IS IT POSSIBLE?? PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB SEM I 2024 2025 29  G M O : G E N E T I C A L LY M O D I F I E D O R G A N I S M S PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB SEM I 2024 2025 GMO for crops Glowing rabbit Modification all plant characteristics, such as size, texture, and sweetness on the genetic level. The hardiness of crop plants. Their drought resistance. Rate of growth under different soil conditions. Dependence on fertilizers. Resistance to various pests and diseases. 30  Genetically modified crops Modification crop Crops for affecting ‘performanc non-food food content e’ use resistance to viral, Enhancement Ripening bacterial and of plants’ PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB process fungal diseases ability SEM I 2024 2025 resistance to Production of bio- fat, starch or environmental degradable protein content stress: cold, drought plastics, and salinity detergents Removal of Production of allergens and resistance to industrial and other toxic predation by pests: research substances insect pests. chemicals vitamin, nutrient Prevention of pharmaceutical or anti-oxidant premature products content shedding of seeds Modification of Early production oils, fibres and of flowers other polymers 31  Potential benefits to human health and wellbeing. remove genes associated with allergies, e.g., the blocking of the gene that produces the allergenic protein in peanuts. The insertion of genes into crops such as rice and wheat can enhance their nutritional value, PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB e.g., Golden Rice. SEM I 2024 2025 produce healthier foods, e.g., by eliminating trans fats or caffeine for example. develop pharmaceuticals and vaccines in plants (edible vaccines), decreasing the risk of adverse reactions and enabling faster vaccination of large populations. 32  Commercial Value GM salmon Fast-growing salmon Length: 24 inch Weight: 6.6lb Farm salmon Length: 13 inch Weight: 2.8lb SEM I 2024 2025 PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB 33 both fishes: 18 months  STEM CELL C H A RA C T E R I S T I C S ‘Blank cells’ PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB (unspecialized) SEM I 2024 2025 Capable of dividing and renewing themselves for long periods of time (proliferation and renewal) Have the potential to give rise to specialized cell types (differentiation) 34  This cell Totipotent Can form the Embryo and placenta PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB This cell Pluripotent SEM I 2024 2025 KINDS OF STEM CELLS Can just form the embryo Multi- potent Fully mature 35  The new era PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB of stem cell : SEM I 2024 2025 Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPS) 36  Genetic modification of humans Once we know the genes responsible for particular PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB diseases, should we SEM I 2024 2025 “cure” the diseases? Should we also modify genes responsible for traits such as height or beauty? Should we allow the FUTURE cloning beings? OF of human BIOLOGY AS PART OF MULTIDICIPLINE ERA 37  Learning Biology: Ethical, Legal and Social Implications Are religion and evolution compatible? Should we alter the timing of PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB death? SEM I 2024 2025 What are the issues with using animals in research? Should we have a public health strategy to deal with the obesity epidemic? Is pollution a tragedy of the 38  Five Levels of Organization in Studying Biology Molecular PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB SEM I 2024 2025 Cellular Organismal Population Ecological System 39  TUGAS PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB SEM I 2024 2025 Setiap kelas Ketua Kelas dibagi menjadi melaporkan 14 kelompok kepada dosen mahasiswa kelas 40 PRODI BIOLOGI SITH ITB SEM I 2024 2025 PERTEMUAN BERIKUTNYA 2. Aplikasi Biologi di Sekitar Kita 41