L7: Population Change as a Development Issue PDF

**[L7: Population change as a development issue]** - Population processes deaths, births, migration - Size and rate of growth changes overtime - This changes the structure of the population (age, sex, ethnicity, migration status, health, wealth, education, crime) - Interest in popula...

**[L7: Population change as a development issue]** - Population processes deaths, births, migration - Size and rate of growth changes overtime - This changes the structure of the population (age, sex, ethnicity, migration status, health, wealth, education, crime) - Interest in population development - Rapid growth/decline? - Industrial revolutions - Famine - Armed conflict - Pandemics - International migration - Environmental change - EG/recessions - Unequal distribution of wealth and income - Boosting development - Reduce infant and child mortality - Primary education universally - Improving maternal health - Combating diseases - Environmental stability - Empowerment of women and reproductive rights - Urbanisation - World Bank divides national economies into low, lower-middle, upper-middle and high income based on GNI per capita - (+) accounts for quality of life (e0, enrolment in schools) - (+) shows income distribution inequality - (-) lower income countries tend to generate income through informal activities - Higher income (GNI) tends to lead to a higher life expectancy - Least developed countries (LDCs) - Poorest and weakest parts of the world - 46 countries, 880 million people (12% of world pop.) - Weak human institutional capacities, low and unequally distributed income, scarcity of domestic financial resources - Heavily indebted and reliant on external financing - Can classify countries: - Socially (population processes, refugee displacement) - Economically (economic development) - Politically (criminalisation of the state, deterioration of public services) - Population and development drive each other in a cycle