Phonetics 4 PDF
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ANTH/LING
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This document describes different types of consonants, such as fricatives, affricates, and liquids, and their characteristics in terms of manner of articulation. It includes examples and practice questions.
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CONSONANTS – MANNER OF ARTICULATION: 3. FRICATIVES Fricatives (f, v, θ as in thick, ð as in thy, s, z, ʃ as in issue, ʒ as in leisure, h as in house) There is a major, but not complete, obstruction in the vocal tract. The opening through which the air escapes is small, and so a turbulent noise i...
CONSONANTS – MANNER OF ARTICULATION: 3. FRICATIVES Fricatives (f, v, θ as in thick, ð as in thy, s, z, ʃ as in issue, ʒ as in leisure, h as in house) There is a major, but not complete, obstruction in the vocal tract. The opening through which the air escapes is small, and so a turbulent noise is produced as a result (think of air escaping though a punctured tire). Think of friction: the articulators are so close together that friction is created when the air is forced to pass through them. Some are rare in English, ‘leisure’ CONSONANTS – MANNER OF ARTICULATION: FRICATIVES Practice identifying these sounds according to voicing, place of articulation, and manner of articulation. [v] is a voiced, labiodental, fricative [s] is a ____________________________________ [h] is a ____________________________________ [f] is a ____________________________________ CONSONANTS – MANNER OF ARTICULATION: 4. AFFRICATES Affricates: [tʃ] as in cheap, [dʒ] as in Joe Affricates are made by briefly stopping the airflow completely, then slightly releasing the closure so that a fricative-like noise is produced. Some phoneticians describe affricates as a stop quickly followed by a fricative. CONSONANTS – MANNER OF ARTICULATION: AFFRICATES Practice identifying these sounds according to voicing, place of articulation, and manner of articulation. [tʃ] is a _____________________________________ [dʒ] is a ____________________________________ CONSONANTS – MANNER OF ARTICULATION: 5. LIQUIDS Liquids [l, r] Some minor obstruction of the vocal tract with the tongue, but air still passes through We can further distinguish the two English liquids [l] and [r] using an additional feature: [l] is a lateral liquid [r] is a retroflex liquid
