Superficial Muscles Of The Trunk PDF

Superficial muscles of the trunk Dr. Viktorija Cīrule Muscles of the trunk Mm. thoracis – thoracic muscles Superficial Deep Diaphragma Mm. dorsi – back muscles Superficial 3 layers Deep Mm. abdominis – abdominal muscles Anterior grou...

Superficial muscles of the trunk Dr. Viktorija Cīrule Muscles of the trunk Mm. thoracis – thoracic muscles Superficial Deep Diaphragma Mm. dorsi – back muscles Superficial 3 layers Deep Mm. abdominis – abdominal muscles Anterior group Lateral group Posterior group Mm. superficialis thoracis – superficial thorax muscles M. pectoralis major Pars clavicularis Pars sternocostalis Pars abdominalis M. pectoralis minor M. subclavius M. serratus anterior Origo – external surfaces of the ribs Insertio – shoulder girdle and arm bones Functio – pulls shoulder girdle forward and downward, m. pectoralis major affects also the shoulder joint Additional inspiration muscles M. pectoralis major Pars clavicularis Origo: Extremitas sternalis claviculae Pars sternocostalis Origo: Sternum, cartilagines costarum II-VII Pars abdominalis Origo: Lamina anterior vaginae musculi recti abdominis Insertio: Crista tuberculi majoris humeri Functio: Adductio brachii Rotatio interna brachii Flexio brachii (pars clavicularis) Additional inspiration muscle M. pectoralis minor ② Origo: External surfaces of the ribs II-V Processus coracoideus Insertio: Processus coracoideus scapulae 2 3 Functio: 4 Pulls shoulders forward and 5 downward If scapula is fixed elevates the ribs ↑ Additional inspiration muscle M. subclavius ① Origo: Facies superior costae I Insertio: Facies inferior claviculae Functio: Elevates the 1st rib or pulls clavicula downward Additional inspiration muscle M. serratus anterior Origo: External surfaces of the ribs I-IX Insertio: Margo medialis et angulus inferior 1 scapulae 2 Functio: 3 Rotatio scapulae et elevatio 4 brachii 5 Additional inspiration muscle 6 7 8 9 Mm. superficialis dorsi – superficial back muscles 1st layer: M. trapezius M. latissimus dorsi 2nd layer: M. rhomboideus minor M. rhomboideus major M. levator scapulae 3rd layer: M. serratus posterior superior M. serratus posterior inferior M. trapezius Origo: Protuberantia occipitalis externa Linea nuchalis superior Lig. nuchae Proc. spinosi vertebrae thoracicae Insertio: Spina scapulae Acromion Extremitas acromialis claviculae Functio: Whole muscle – brings both scapula together Upper fibres – elevates the shoulders Lower fibres – pulls the shoulders downward Extensio capitis M. latissimus dorsi Origo: Crista iliaca 1 Fascia thoracolumbalis 3 2 Processus spinosus Th7-Th12 4 5 External surfaces of the ribs IX-XII 6 7 Insertio: Crista tuberculi minoris humeri Functio: Adductio brachii Extensio brachii Rotatio interna brachii Additional expiration muscle Mm. rhomboidei ②③ M. rhomboideus minor Origo: Processus spinosus C6-C7 C6 M. rhomboideus major C7 M. rhomboideus minor Th1 Origo: Th2 Processus spinosus Th1-Th4 Th3 Th4 Insertio: Margo medialis scapulae Functio: Elevates the scapula M. rhomboideus major Pulls the scapula towards the vertebral column M. levator scapulae ① C1 M. levator scapulae Origo: C2 C3 Processus transversus C1-C4 C4 Insertio: Angulus superior scapulae Functio: Elevates the scapula M. serratus posterior superior Origo: Processus spinosus C6-Th2 Insertio: External surfaces of the ribs II-V C6 Functio: C7 Th1 Elevates the ribs Th2 Inspiration muscle 5th rib M. serratus posterior inferior Origo: Processus spinosus Th11-L2 Insertio: External surfaces of the ribs IX-XII Functio: Th11 Th12 Pulls the ribs downward Additional expiration muscle 9th rib L1 L2 12th rib Deep muscles of the thorax Mm. profundi thoracis – deep muscles of the thorax Mm. intercostales externi Mm. intercostales interni Mm. subcostales M. transversus thoracis Mm. levatores costarum Mm. intercostales externi ④ Origo: Upper rib from tuberculum costae to cartilago costae Insertio: Lower rib from tuberculum costae to cartilago costae Functio: Elevates the ribs Inspiration muscle Mm. intercostales interni ⑤ Origo: Lower rib from angulus costae to sternum Insertio: Upper rib from angulus costae to sternum Functio: Pulls the ribs downward Expiration muscle Mm. subcostales Origo: Lower rib in angulus costae region Insertio: Upper rib (over 1 rib) in angulus costae region Functio: Pulls the ribs downward Expiration muscle Mm. levatores costarum Origo: Processus transversus C7-Th11 Insertio: Lower adjacent ribs (or over 1 rib) in angulus costae region Functio: Elevates the ribs Inspiration muscle M. transversus thoracis Origo: Corpus sterni et processus xiphoideus posterior surface Cartilagines costarum VI-VII Insertio: Internal surfaces of the ribs II-VI Functio: Pulls the ribs downward Expiration muscle Respiratory muscles Main inspiration muscles Main expiration muscles Diaphragma M. rectus abdominis Mm. intercostales externi M. obliquus internus abdominis Mm. levatores costarum M. obliquus externus abdominis M. serratus posterior superior M. transversus abdominis Additional inspiration muscles Mm. intercostales interni Mm. scaleni M. transversus thoracis M. pectoralis minor Additional expiration muscles M. pectoralis major M. serratus posterior inferior M. sternocleidomastoideus M. latissimus dorsi M. subclavius M. serraturs anterior Fasciae thoracis Fascia thoracis superficialis Located in the subcutaneous tissue Very thin, poorly developed, absent in some places In women surrounds glandula mammae Upper part above mammilary gland forms bundles which support the gland and attaches to the clavicula  Fascia pectoralis Covers m. pectoralis major, m. serratus anterior, forms fibrous sheaths Lamina superficialis fasciae cervicalis Membrana sterni Fascia deltoidea Fascia axillaris Fascia investiens abdominis Fascia clavipectoralis Covers m. pectoralis minor, m. subclavius, forms fibrous sheaths Clavicula, proc. coracoideus scapulae M. pectoralis major inferior margin Fuses with fascia pectoralis Fascia endothoracica Cupula pleurae Covers the walls of the thoracic cavity from the inside Internal surfaces of the ribs Sternum Columna vertebralis Mm. intercostales interni Mm. subcostales M. transversus thoracis Superior surface of the diaphragm (thicker over the pars muscularis) Firmly attached to the posterior ends of the ribs, loosely – to the bodies of the ribs Well developed in the region of cupulae pleurae, covers them In front at the level of the 2nd rib grows together with pericardium fibrosum