Structure and Argumentation: Building Compelling Arguments

Structure & Argumentation We will explore how to build compelling arguments. By the end, you'll be equipped to make persuasive points in any context. preencoded.png Unit 1: Learning How to Argue 1 Introduction The ability to argue we...

Structure & Argumentation We will explore how to build compelling arguments. By the end, you'll be equipped to make persuasive points in any context. preencoded.png Unit 1: Learning How to Argue 1 Introduction The ability to argue well is vital. It's crucial in both personal and professional settings. 2 Focus This unit focuses on honing argumentation skills. Refine your ability to make logical and persuasive points. preencoded.png Crafting a Convincing Argument What is an Argument? Effective Example Ineffective Example A reason or set of reasons "Young adults should prioritize "Everyone should save money presented to persuade others that building an emergency savings because it’s just what you’re an action, decision, or idea is the fund because it provides financial supposed to do." best course to follow. security and peace of mind." preencoded.png Developing a Strong Argument Identify the Core Issue Define the main point clearly. For instance, "It’s important for young adults to learn how to cook for themselves." Support with Logical Reasons Support your claim logically. For instance, cooking at home saves money and promotes healthier eating. Substantiate with Evidence Use evidence to support your reasons. For example, cooking at home allows control over ingredients and portion sizes. Consider Counterarguments Acknowledge and refute objections. Address potential opposing viewpoints. preencoded.png Example of a Structured Argument Claim "Everyone should have a basic understanding of personal finance." Reason 1: "It helps avoid debt and manage credit effectively." Evidence: Understanding credit reduces the likelihood of debt traps. Reason 2: "It allows for better planning for the future." Evidence: Budgeting and saving simplify planning for major expenses. Reason 3: "It contributes to financial independence." Evidence: Understanding investments can lead to early financial independence. preencoded.png Persuasive Reasoning Key Characteristics: Example 1: Example 2: Arguments must be logical. Logical: “Regular exercise Persuasive: “Limiting social Use relevant and impactful improves both physical and media use can improve reasoning. mental well-being.” mental health.” Illogical: “Everyone should Unpersuasive: “Social media is exercise because it’s what fit bad because it’s addictive.” people do.” preencoded.png Breaking Down the Topic Steps for Analyzing a Topic 1 Identify Core Issues Determine what the debate is really about. Find the central point. 2 Define Key Terms Clarify specific terms in context. Ensure shared understanding. 3 Evaluation Criteria Set standards for assessing the issue. Establish clear benchmarks. preencoded.png Example Breakdown: Gap Year Motion: "Young adults should take a gap year Evaluation Criteria: before starting their career." Personal growth: Skills and life experience gained. Core Issues: Career impact: Effect on employability and Should personal growth be prioritized over an momentum. immediate career start? Well-being: Avoiding burnout and promoting Balancing exploration vs. long-term professional mental health. momentum. Financial feasibility: Managing costs without long-term strain. Key Terms: Gap year: A year taken for personal growth Stakeholders: before entering the workforce. Young adults, Employers, Families. Career start: Entering the workforce in one’s chosen field. preencoded.png Unit 2: Making Analysis Main Takeaways In-depth analysis strengthens arguments. Focus Create layered arguments considering short and long term effects. Perspectives Consider different stakeholder viewpoints. Understand diverse perspectives. preencoded.png Creating Analysis: Second Language Purpose: To build a compelling argument by analyzing the topic from multiple perspectives and understanding broader implications. Example Topic: "Should young adults invest in learning a second language?" preencoded.png First Level of Analysis: Career Opportunities Argument: "Learning a second language can open up more job opportunities." Analysis: Bilingual candidates are often preferred by global companies. Knowledge of a second language can lead to positions requiring communication with international clients or teams. preencoded.png Second Level of Analysis: Personal Development Argument: "Learning a new language enhances cognitive abilities and cultural awareness." Analysis: Research shows bilingualism improves memory and problem-solving skills. It allows individuals to connect with different cultures, making them more adaptable and empathetic. preencoded.png Third Level of Analysis: Social Impact Argument: "Being bilingual can enrich personal relationships and community involvement." Analysis: Knowing another language helps connect with people from different backgrounds. It enhances social life and allows more active participation in diverse communities. preencoded.png Structuring Analysis: Premise: The foundational reason supporting the argument. Explains why the argument is valid. Example: Bilingualism improves cognitive function and cultural understanding. Impact mechanism: Describes how the premise creates the expected outcome. Example: Bilingual people perform better in problem-solving and are more culturally adaptable. Counter-argument: Acknowledges and addresses potential objections. Example: Cognitive benefits can also come from non-language activities. Importance: Highlights why the argument matters in the broader context. Example: In a globalized world, cognitive agility and cultural awareness are vital for personal and professional success. preencoded.png Sample Exercise: Analyzing a Topic Example Topic: "Young adults should limit their screen time." Level 1: Health Impact ○ Analysis: Excessive screen time can lead to eye strain, sleep problems, and a sedentary lifestyle. Level 2: Mental Well-being ○ Analysis: High screen time is linked to increased anxiety and depression due to social media comparisons. Level 3: Productivity ○ Analysis: Reducing screen time improves focus, time management, and productivity. preencoded.png Stakeholder Analysis Purpose: Example topic: Understanding who is affected by "Should young adults consider a decision or policy helps in entrepreneurship over traditional forming a comprehensive employment?" argument. preencoded.png Identifying Stakeholders Stakeholders: Social factors: Young Adults: Weighing risks and rewards Economic Trends: Opportunities in the gig of starting a business versus traditional economy and startup culture. employment. Job Market: Availability of jobs aligned Employers: Potentially losing young talent with personal values and interests. to entrepreneurship. Cultural Expectations: Views on traditional Families: Concerned about financial risks careers vs. entrepreneurial paths. and stability. preencoded.png Analyzing Effects Short term effects: Long term effects: Financial Uncertainty: Immediate Career Satisfaction: Potential for higher instability with starting a business. satisfaction from building something of Learning Opportunities: Rapid skill your own. acquisition through entrepreneurship. Financial Independence: Possibility of greater financial independence in the long run. preencoded.png Class Activity: Argument and Analysis Topic: "Should young adults prioritize spending on experiences or saving for the future?" Complete the activity alone or in pairs. Download the file titled, “1.2 Class Activity_Argument and Analysis” in the E-class. Follow the prompts to build and analyze your argument. preencoded.png Argument Template 1 My argument is… 2 I have 2 reasons for this which are… 3 To further substantiate this, I think… 4 Even if others will say that… 5 This argument is important because…. preencoded.png