Quantitative Traits and Genetics PDF

Wednesday, February 14th 4-5 pm, A-State Museum Room 157 Paleontologist Roundtable Jason Bourke, Adam Cossette, Todd Green, and Karen Poole NYITCOM Thursday, February 15th 5-6pm, A-State Museum Auditorium The Dinosaurs of Arkansas Friday, February 16th 12-1pm, ABI 107 The Early Cretaceous Ornithomim...

Wednesday, February 14th 4-5 pm, A-State Museum Room 157 Paleontologist Roundtable Jason Bourke, Adam Cossette, Todd Green, and Karen Poole NYITCOM Thursday, February 15th 5-6pm, A-State Museum Auditorium The Dinosaurs of Arkansas Friday, February 16th 12-1pm, ABI 107 The Early Cretaceous Ornithomimosaur Record in North America ReBecca Hunt-Foster National Park Service Paleontologist Dinosaur National Monument Lecture 10: Quantitative Traits and Genetics BIO 4083: Evolution Happy Darwin Day! Today’s Lecture Genetic linkage Quantitative Trait Loci Genome-wide association studies Quantitative traits Vary continuously Continuous traits have a complex genetic basis Polygenic trait: influenced by many genetic loci Interaction between alleles at different loci (epistasis) Interaction with environment (phenotypic plasticity) Polygenic traits tend to vary continuously among individuals (e.g., human height) Quantitative genetics: study of the genetic mechanisms and evolution of continuous phenotypic traits Linkage: mixing and matching alleles Recombination: Generates genetic variation by mixing alleles Linkage: mixing and matching alleles Linkage equilibrium: exists if the occurrence of an allele at one locus is independent of the presence or absence of an allele at a second locus Loci on different chromosomes usually behave independently and thus are in linkage equilibrium Linkage disequilibrium: exists if the occurrence of an allele at one locus is nonrandomly associated with the presence or absence of an allele at a second locus Two different loci close together on the same chromosome can be nonrandomly linked Degree of linkage of different loci depends on the distance between them Degree of linkage of different loci depends on the distance between them Detecting linkage disequilibrium Map of linkage disequilibrium Linkage disequilibrium in cats reflects breed history Alhaddad et al. 2013 Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis links traits with genes Taking advantage of recombination to understand the link between phenotype and genotype Often single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) QTL analysis identifies genomic regions responsible for coat color in mice Hopi Hoekstra Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) Identify variants and genomic regions associated with particular traits GWAS: genes involved in mimicry in swallowtail butterflies Palmer and Kronforst. 2020. GWAS: genes involved in human diseases Jansen et al. 2019. Identifying genes associated with Alzheimer’s Disease Assignments Paper discussion on Friday Chapter 8 quiz due by end of today