1 SHOULDER REGION.docx

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **Muscles Connecting the Upper Limb to the Thoracic Wall** | +=======================================================================+ | **Muscle** **Origin** | |...

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **Muscles Connecting the Upper Limb to the Thoracic Wall** | +=======================================================================+ | **Muscle** **Origin** | | **Insertion** **Nerve Suppl | | y** **Action** | | ----------------------- ------------------------------------------- | | --------- --------------------------------------------- ------------- | | -------------------------------------------- -- --------------------- | | ------------------------------------------------------------------ | | **Pectoralis major** Clavicle, sternum, and upper six costal car | | tilages Lateral lip of bicipital groove of humerus Medial and la | | teral pectoral nerves from brachial plexus Adducts arm and rotat | | es it medially; clavicular fibers also flex arm | | **Pectoralis minor** Third, fourth, and fifth ribs | | Coracoid process of scapula Medial pector | | al nerve from brachial plexus Depresses point of sh | | oulder; if the scapula is fixed, it elevates the ribs of origin | | **Subclavius** First costal cartilage | | Clavicle Nerve to subc | | lavius from upper trunk of brachial plexus Depresses the clavicl | | e and steadies this bone during movements of the shoulder girdle | | **Serratus anterior** Upper eight ribs | | Medial border and inferior angle of scapula Long thoracic | | nerve Draws the scapula for | | ward around the thoracic wall; rotates scapula | | | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **Muscles Connecting the Upper Limb to the Vertebral Column** | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **Muscle** **Origin** | | | | **Insertion** | | **Nerve Supply** | | **Action** | | ---------------------- -------------------------------------------- | | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | | ------------ -------------------------------------------------------- | | ------------------------------------------------- ------------------- | | -------------------------------------------- -- --------------------- | | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | | ---------------------------------- | | **Trapezius** Occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spine of | | seventh cervical vertebra, spines of all thoracic vertebrae | | Upper fibers into lateral third of clavicle; middle and | | lower fibers into acromion and spine of scapula Spinal part of acce | | ssory nerve (motor) and C3 and 4 (sensory) Upper fibers elevate | | the scapula; middle fibers pull scapula medially; lower fibers pull m | | edial border of scapula downward | | **Latissimus dorsi** Iliac crest, lumbar fascia, spines of lower | | six thoracic vertebrae, lower three or four ribs, and inferior angle | | of scapula Floor of bicipital groove of humerus | | Thoracodorsal nerve | | Extends, adducts, and | | medially rotates the arm | | | | | | | | | | | | **Levator scapulae** Transverse processes of first four cervical | | vertebrae | | Medial border of scapula | | C3 and 4 and dorsal | | scapular nerve Raises medial border | | of scapula | | **Rhomboid minor** Ligamentum nuchae and spines of seventh cerv | | ical and first thoracic vertebrae | | Medial border of scapula | | Dorsal scapular ner | | ve Raises medial border | | of scapula upward and medially | | **Rhomboid major** Second to fifth thoracic spines | | | | Medial border of scapula | | Dorsal scapular ner | | ve Raises medial border | | of scapula upward and medially | | | | | | | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **Muscles Connecting the Scapula to the Humerus** | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **Muscle** **Origin** | | **Insertion** * | | *Nerve Supply** **Action** | | ------------------- ----------------------------------------------- | | -------- ---------------------------------------------------------- - | | ----------------------------------- -- ------------------------------ | | --------------------------------------------------------------------- | | ---------- | | **Deltoid** Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, spine of s | | capula Middle of lateral surface of shaft of humerus A | | xillary nerve Abducts arm; anterior fibers f | | lex and medially rotate arm; posterior fibers extend and laterally ro | | tate arm | | **Supraspinatus** Supraspinous fossa of scapula | | Greater tuberosity of humerus; capsule of shoulder joint S | | uprascapular nerve Abducts arm and stabilizes sho | | ulder joint | | **Infraspinatus** Infraspinous fossa of scapula | | Greater tuberosity of humerus; capsule of shoulder joint S | | uprascapular nerve Laterally rotates arm and stab | | ilizes shoulder joint | | **Teres major** Lower third of lateral border of scapula | | Medial lip of bicipital groove of humerus L | | ower subscapular nerve Medially rotates and adducts a | | rm and stabilizes shoulder joint | | **Teres minor** Upper two thirds of lateral border of scapula | | Greater tuberosity of humerus; capsule of shoulder joint A | | xillary nerve Laterally rotates arm and stab | | ilizes shoulder joint | | **Subscapularis** Subscapular fossa | | Lesser tuberosity of humerus U | | pper and lower subscapular nerves Medially rotates arm and stabi | | lizes shoulder joint | | | | | | | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+