Muscles of the Upper Limb: Anatomy and Function - Lecture Slides PDF

Muscles of the upper limb Anzor Gogiberidze  Shoulder Muscles The deltoid (9,10,11) - abducts, flexes, and extends the arm The teres major (8) - adducts and medially rotates the arm. The supraspinatus - initiates abduction of the arm The infraspinatus - externally rotates the a...

Muscles of the upper limb Anzor Gogiberidze  Shoulder Muscles The deltoid (9,10,11) - abducts, flexes, and extends the arm The teres major (8) - adducts and medially rotates the arm. The supraspinatus - initiates abduction of the arm The infraspinatus - externally rotates the arm. The teres minor - externally rotates the arm. The subscapularis - internally rotates the arm.  Deltoid muscle Origin: Clavicle Acromion Spine of the scapula nsertion:Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus Function: Clavicular part: anteversion, internal rotation, adduction Acromial part: abduction (from 15°–100°) Spinal part: retroversion, external rotation, adduction  Teres major muscle Origin: Posterior surface of the inferior angle of the scapula nsertion:Intertubercular sulcus of the humerus Function: Adduction nternal rotation  Supraspinatus muscle Origin:Supraspinous fossa of the scapula nsertion:Greater tubercle of the humerus Function: Initiation of arm abduction (from 0°–15°)  Infraspinatus muscle Origin:Infraspinous fossa of the scapula Insertion:Greater tubercle of the humerus Function: External rotation  Teres minor muscle Origin:Axillary (lateral) border of the scapula nsertion:Greater tubercle of the humerus Function: Adduction External rotation  Subscapularis muscle Origin:Subscapular fossa Insertion:Lesser tubercle of the humerus Function: Adduction Internal rotation  Rotator cuff muscles Supraspinatus (12) Infraspinatus (13) Teres minor (14) Subscapularis (15) Supportive cuff around the anterior, posterior, and superior aspects of the joint.  Rotator cuff tears Most common in the older patient Usually involve the supraspinatus tendon.  Spaces of the Posterior Shoulder Region Scapular notch suprascapular nerve , suprascapular artery Quadrangular space posterior circumflex humeral artery, axillary nerve Triangular space circumflex scapular artery Triceps hiatus radial nerve, deep brachial artery  Anterior arm muscles Biceps (1,2) Brachialis (3) Coracobrachiali s (4) Flex the glenohumeral and elbow joints and supinate the radioulnar joint  Posterior arm muscles Triceps brachii (5,6,7) Anconeus (8) Extend the glenohumeral and Superficial muscles of anterior compartment of forearm Intermediate muscle of anterior compartment of forearm Deep muscles of anterior compartment of forearm Superficial muscles of posterior compartment of forearm Deep muscles of posterior compartment of forearm Radialis muscle group of posterior compartment of forearm  Thenar compartment abduct, flex, and oppose the thumb  Adductor compartment adductor pollicis muscle that adducts the thumb  Hypothenar compartment flex, abduct, and oppose the 5th digit  Central compartment mbricals that flex and extend joints of the fingers  Interosseous compartment interossei muscles (3 palmar, 4 dorsal) that abduct and adduct the fingers