Medical Terminology (1) General PDF

Presented by D/Suzan Moustafa Hazzaa Professor of medical physiology Menoufia university D. suzan Hazzaa  TYPES OF MEDICAL TERMS 1. Decodable: It can be analyzed and defined. For example: cardiology If it is analyzed/: cardi / o / logy...

Presented by D/Suzan Moustafa Hazzaa Professor of medical physiology Menoufia university D. suzan Hazzaa  TYPES OF MEDICAL TERMS 1. Decodable: It can be analyzed and defined. For example: cardiology If it is analyzed/: cardi / o / logy Cardi means heart O is a combining vowel logy means study So, Cardiology means the study of the heart 2. Non decodable: It can't be analyzed. For example: angina: means heart pain. 3. Eponyms: It is named after the person who first identified it. For example: Alzheimer's disease named after Alois Alzheimer 4. Abbreviations: They are terms that have been shorten into a number of letters For example: MI means Myocardial Infarction 5. Symbols: They are graphic representations. For examples: ♂ means male ♀ means female ↓ means a decrease in a value  Word parts 1. Beginning = prefix It gives idea about: number/amount/size/location/color. 2. Middle = root Related to part of the body 3. Ending = suffix It gives idea about : amount/location Prefix (size and amount) Macro = large (visible to the naked eye) e.g.: Macroscopic Micro= small e.g.: Microscopic Hyper = above normal e.g.: hyperglycemia (increase blood glucose) Hypo = below normal e.g.: hypoglycemia (decrease blood glucose) Eu/normo- = normal e.g.: Euglycemia / (normal blood glucose) A-/an- = absence of e.g.: anemia Megalo= large e.g.: megaloblastic Prefix (numerical) Mono = single e.g.: Monotherapy (treatment by one drug). Di = two e.g.: Diplegia (paralysis affecting 2 same limbs). Tri= three e.g.: Tricuspid (valve has 3 cusps). Quad= four e.g.: Quadriplegia (paralysis affecting 4 limbs). Poly = many e.g.: Polycythemia (increase number of RBCS). Oligo= few e.g.: Olygospermia (low sperm count). Prefix (speed) Tachy = rapid e.g.: Tachycardia (increase heart rate). Brady = slow e.g.: Bradycardia (decrease heart rate). Prefix (location) Circum = Around e.g.: Circumference (around). Intra = inside e.g.: Intracellular (inside the cell). Extra = Outside e.g.: Extracellular (outside the cell). Inter = between e.g.: Intercellular (between the cell). Juxta = nearby e.g.: Juxtaglomerular (nearby the glomeruli). Prefix (movements) Ab = Away e.g.: Abduction (movement of a limb away). Ad = Toward e.g.: Adduction (movement of a limb beside the body). Dis = To separate e.g.: Displace (separating things). Prefix (coulers) Leuko = white e.g.: Leukocytes (white blood cells). Erythro = Red e.g.: Erythrocytes (Red blood cells). Cyano = blue e.g.: cyanosis (bluish color of the skin). Melano = black e.g.: Melanoma (black tumor). Flav = yellow Chromo = color  General terms Homeo = body Cephalo= head Cerv = neck Thoraco = chest Abdomino= Abdominal Pelvo = pelvis Derm = Skin Neuro = nerve Hemo = blood Arterio/ angio = arteries Veno = venous Vasculo = va scular Musculo/ myo = muscle Skelet = skeleton, bone Osteo = bone