Thoracic Cage Anatomy PDF

Thoracic vertebra 1  Medium size Increase in size from superior to inferior Body...

Thoracic vertebra 1  Medium size Increase in size from superior to inferior Body Heart shaped Sup & Inf demifacet Articulates + heads Typical thoracic vertebra of two different ribs Vertebral foramen Small & circular Pedicle Lamina costal facet + shaft of Transverse process a single rib Long Spinous process Downward 3  Superior vertebral notch Inferior vertebral notch Intervertebral foramen 4  Superior costal facet + head of Rib I T1 Inferior demi facet+1/2 Atypical thoracic vertebra head of Rib II Superior demi facet+R9 T9 NO inferior demi facet Single Complete costal T10 facet+R10 Single Complete costal facet+R11, R12 T11 & T12 No costal facet on transverse process 5 Thoracic vertebra (typical & Atypical) 6 Vertebral ligaments: Ant.longitudinal.lig (base of scale to ant. Surface of sacrum) Post.longitudinal.lig (post.part of vertebral bodies+intervertebral disk) Tectorial membrane (sup part of posterior longitudinal lig, from C2 to internal surface of skull Ligamentum flava (between vertebral lamina) Supraspinus. Lig (C8 to sacrum Nuchae lig (spine of C8 to external occipitaltuberance) 7 9 11 12  nucleous pulposus e annuluse fibrosuse annuluse fibrosuse nucleous pulposuse 13 Typical Ribs Head Neck Tubercle Angle Shaft Subcostal Groove Vein Artery Nerve  Atypical Ribs Atypical Ribs R1 short, flat, wide, R1 Supports Subclavian vessels R2 R11,R12 R10 articulate with only vertebra R11 R11, R12 R12 don’t articulate with transverse processes, or anteriorly at all  R1 Shortest & flattest Scalene tubercle: insertion of scalenus anterior muscle. Groove for subclavian vein and artery No costal groove 20 2nd Rib Atypical rib Rough area on its upper surface Tuberosity for serratus anterior (origin) Cervical Rib 24  Jugular notch (T2-T3 intercalated disk) Opposite T3&T4 Manubrium R2 Sternal angle Aortic arch Opposite T5-T9 (manubriosternal begins & ends joint) Trachea Xiphosternal bifurcation joint Bod T4-T5 intercalated disk y Xiphosternal joint Xiphoid process Attached to linea alba caudally Trunk Thorax Abdomen Pelvis Thoracic wall Skin Fascia Nerves & Vessels Muscles Bones Superior Thoracic Thoracic aperture cavity = outlet Posterior wall Vertebral column Thoracic (thoracic part) cavity Contain Anterior wall Heart Sternum & costal cartillage Lungs Laterally Ribs & intercostal space Thymus Superiorly Distal part Suprapleural of trachea membrane Most of esophagus Inferior Inferiorly Thoracic Diaphragm aperture = inlet 28  Thoracic cage 12 Thoracic Sternum: 12 pair of Ribs vertebrae 1-7 : Manubrium True Rib vertebrosternal 8-10 : Body False Rib vertebrochondral 11-12 : Xiphoid Process Float Rib vertebral ( floating )  Superior Thoracic aperture Esophagus Common carotid T1 Trachea R1 Internal jugular vein Apex of lung Subclavian artery & vein M Manubrium Subclavian vein 30  Inferior Thoracic aperture Right Right dome dome Central tendon Xiphoid process Distal cartilages Left dome (Ribs VIII to X) costal margin T XII Esophageal hiatus R XI R XII Aortic hiatus Costal margin 31 31 Costovertebral joint chondral=cartilage costal=rib 32  Costovertebral joint V1 R2 V2 Costotransverse joint 33 Costovertebral ligaments: Medial costotransverse lig Lateral costotransverse lig Sup. costotransverse lig Radial lig 34 35 36 37 38 Extrinsic Intrinsic muscles muscles Pectoralis External intercostal major muscle Pectoralis Internal intercostal minor muscle Serratus Innermost intercostal anterior muscle 40 41 42 44 45 47  Aortic arch ✓ Summery of aortic branch Thora cic aorta Thoracic aorta ✓ Two Ant. intercostal arteries Post.intercostal art 51  Post.intercostal art Costocervical Supreme intercostal art arteries (1st and 2nd ) Thorasic 9 lower pairs of post intercostal Aorta arteries 53 ✓ Branch of post.intercostal arteries 54  Ant.intercostal art Upper 6th intercostal space Internal thorasic 6th intercostal space devided in to sup.epigastric art and musculophrenic art 55 Internal thoracic Ant. Intercostal arteries (1st to 6th ) Perforating arteries Pericardiacophernic arteries Mediastinal arteries Sup.epigastric art Musculophernic art 57 ✓ Branch of Ant.intercostal arteries 58 Post.intercostal Azygous and hemiazygos veins Ant.intercostal Internal thoracic & veins musculophrenic vein 59 60 Intercostal Subcostal nerve nerve (Nt1- Nt12 Nt11) 61 62 63 Intercostal nerve Ramicomminucated (white & grey) Collatral branch Latral cutaneuse Ant. Cutaneuse Muscular branch Plural branch (Nt1-Nt6) Peritoneal branch (Nt7-Nt11) 64 65 66 67 68 Lymphatic drainage 69  Diaphragmatic Lymph node nodes of diaphragm Lymph node of head and Intercostal nodes neck of Ribs In superior part flow in to Lymph node with Broncho mediastinal nodes internal thoracic arteries In lower part is drained into thoracic duct Parasternal lymph nodes Broncho mediastinal nodes 70  Lymphatic drainage Diaphragmatic Parasternal lymph nodes lymph nodes Paravertebral lymph nodes Esophageal lymph nodes Brachiocephalic lymph nodes Aortic lymph nodes lumbosacral lymph nodes 71  Lymphatic drainage Superficial Axillary Parasternal lymphatic flow lymph lymph drains in to nodes nodes 72 73