Accommodation And Food And Beverage Sectors PDF

TH2108 THE ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD AND BEVERAGE SECTORS The Accommodation Sector Types of Accommodation Accommodation can be classified into various types that may suit different budgets, types of tourism, and customers. Below are the types of accommodation that can be separ...

TH2108 THE ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD AND BEVERAGE SECTORS The Accommodation Sector Types of Accommodation Accommodation can be classified into various types that may suit different budgets, types of tourism, and customers. Below are the types of accommodation that can be separated into two (2) categories: catered and not catered (Stainton, 2021). Catered Accommodation. Catered accommodations provide the tourist with food. The food may or may not be included in the hotel’s price. Catering comes in different shapes and sizes and in different amounts. The half-board usually means that tourists will be given breakfast and dinner as part of their hotel package. Full board means that they will be given three (3) meals, and all-inclusive means having unlimited food and drinks throughout the day. Bed and breakfast accommodations provide only breakfast. Some accommodations are sold as room-only but allow the tourists to purchase food at an additional cost. This is still classified as a catered accommodation type. Catered accommodation is generally associated with several facilities, including the following facilities: room, reception, restaurant and bar, housekeeping, leisure facilities, gym or health club, conference and business facilities, and entertainment. Here are some of the most common types of accommodation that can be classified as catered: o Hotels. These are the most traditional and common types of accommodation. Hotels can be large or small. They can be independently owned businesses or part of a hotel chain. Hotels may be part of a holiday resort. o Bed and Breakfast. Bed and breakfast is a form of accommodation that provides a bed for the night and breakfast the next day, which originated in Europe. It was only in the 1970s that the idea was brought to the United States, where the retired and semiretired people with large houses have contributed much to the growth of these establishments. o Pensions. In contrast to bed and breakfasts, more usual in the United States, pensions typically offer breakfast, lunch, dinner, and sometimes even tea. Rather than paying for the room and each meal separately, guests select a plan comprising overnight accommodation, breakfast, lunch, and dinner. o Health Spa. It is a recreational tourist establishment operating as a resort, which provides accommodation, social/recreational activities, and facilities. It includes services related to health, fitness, relaxation, and a healthy and nutritional diet meal. o Chalets - Chalets are typically found in ski/mountain resorts and can come on a self-catering or catered basis. Often, they are available with a personal chef. Chalets are great for tourists traveling in a group. Chalets come in different sizes and can fit different numbers of people. o Youth Hostels – These accommodations are designed to suit the needs of those on a budget and appeal primarily to young travelers. These provide dormitory-style accommodation with shared rooms, bunk beds, and other basic amenities such as a food pantry perfect for group tours and educational trips. Self-catered and Non-catered Accommodation. It includes types of accommodation that do not offer food. Self-catered accommodations offer cooking facilities, such as a small kitchen and cooking equipment. Non- catered accommodation is likely a room-only accommodation with no cooking facilities. Products and services typically offered in self-catered and non-catered accommodation options include rooms, kitchen, tent, caravan pitch, entertainment, sports facilities, laundry facilities, and showers. Here are 03 Handout 1 *Property of STI  [email protected] Page 1 of 5  TH2108 some of the most common self-catered or non-catered types of accommodation: o Motels – These are also known as motor hotels. These are often found along busy highways with parking spaces and offer simple room-only accommodation with simple cooking facilities. o Apartments – These are popular self-catering accommodation options found in many areas but are most common in built-up areas like towns, cities, and busy resorts. These can be large or small and range from short-term to long-term contracts. o Apartels – These offer a combination of the services in a typical hotel with the facilities associated with an apartment. These are particularly leased to tourists and travelers on a long-term basis. o Time-sharing – It is a more current unique type of accommodation that is popular during holidays. It is a property with divided ownership or use rights, typically in vacation lodging or condominium units. A part-owner can stay for an allotted period. o Cottages – These are typically small and cozy houses classed as old or traditional, providing tourists the opportunity for a home away from home experience. Guests can usually cook, do laundry, and watch TV as they would in their own homes. o Boats – These do not refer to cruise tourism but are more like hiring a private boat and sleeping on it. There are many different boats, from yachts to canal boats to houseboats. o Static or Touring Motorhomes – These vehicles enable people to travel by day and sleep by night. Some motorhomes are the size of small vans, with limited facilities and functions. Other motorhomes are large recreational vehicles (RVs) that come with modern convenience, including a kitchen and bathroom. o Camping Tents, Yurts, Tepees - Camping is often one of the cheapest types of accommodation, especially when travelers own a tent. All they need is to pay for the spot on a campsite (or find a place where camping is for free). Many campsites also offer camping with additional amenities, such as a bed, wardrobe, and lamps, often referred to as glamping. Yurts (traditional Mongolian tents), teepees, and other unusual types of tents are very popular these days too. However, these options do come with a higher price tag. Classification of Hotels Hotels are classified according to their quality ranking, size or number of rooms, level of service, location, and clientele. In the Philippines, the Department of Tourism (DOT) implements the National Accommodation Standards for Hotels, Resorts, and Apartment Hotels using the Star Grading System to classify accommodation enterprises. It is a points-based rating system that includes five (5) levels of accommodation standards— from one (1) to five (5) stars— applicable to hotels, resorts, and apartment hotels. According to Quality Ranking – The star bands for hotels, resorts, and apartment hotels are as follows: o One Star: These enterprises appeal to budget-minded travelers. These offer a limited range of facilities and services. o Two Star: These enterprises appeal to tourists seeking more than basic accommodation. These offer expanded facilities and a higher level of comfort. o Three Star: These enterprises offer a very good level of accommodation. There are more spacious public areas, higher quality facilities, and a greater range of services. 03 Handout 1 *Property of STI  [email protected] Page 2 of 5  TH2108 o Four Star: These enterprises are upscale in all areas. Accommodation is refined and stylish. Service is responsive, often including an extensive array of facilities. o Five Star: These enterprises reflect the characteristics of luxury and sophistication. The facilities are world-class in every manner, and the meticulous service exceeds all guest expectations. To obtain higher stars, progressively higher service and facility quality, facility condition, and improved business practices like environmental management should be provided across all business areas to garner higher points. According to Size or Number of Rooms. The below categories enable hotels of similar sizes to compare operating procedures and statistical results. o Small hotels – These are hotels with under 200 rooms. o Medium hotels – These are hotels with 200 to 399 rooms. o Medium-large hotels – These are hotels with 400 to 700 rooms o Large hotels – These are hotels with more than 700 rooms. According to Level of Service. Hotels can also be classified according to the levels of service they provide: o World-class Service - These are also called luxury hotels. They target top business executives, entertainment celebrities, high-ranking political figures, and wealthy clientele as their primary markets. They provide upscale restaurants and lounges, valet, concierge services, and private dining facilities. o Mid-Range Service - Hotels offering mid-range service appeal to the largest segment of the traveling public. Hotels of this kind do not provide elaborate service and adequate staffing as luxury hotels. o Budget/Limited-Service - These hotels provide clean, comfortable, safe, and inexpensive rooms that meet guests’ basic needs. Budget hotels appeal primarily to budget-minded travelers who want a room with minimum services and amenities required for a comfortable stay without unnecessarily paying additional costs for services. Location and Clientele – Another means of classifying hotels is by their location and target market. o Business Hotels – These are the largest hotel types primarily catering to business travelers and are usually located in downtown or business districts. Although these primarily serve business travelers, many tour groups, individual tourists, and small conference groups find these hotels attractive. Guest amenities at business hotels may include complimentary newspapers, morning coffee, free local telephone calls, and breakfast. o Convention Hotels – These hotels focus on meetings and conferences and overnight accommodation for meeting attendees. They also provide a video conferencing facility, audiovisual equipment, business services, and flexible seating arrangements. These are mostly located outside the metropolitan areas and have golf, swimming pools, tennis courts, fitness centers, and spas. o Resort Hotels – These are usually located in mountains, islands, or other exotic locations away from cities. These hotels offer scenic views and recreational activities like golf, tennis, sailing, skiing, and swimming. These provide enjoyable and memorable guest experiences that encourage guests to repeat visiting the resort. o Suite Hotels – These are the fastest-growing segments of the hotel industry. Suite hotels have 03 Handout 1 *Property of STI  [email protected] Page 3 of 5  TH2108 a living room and a separate bedroom. Professionals such as accountants, lawyers, businessmen, and executives find suite hotels particularly attractive as they have an area to work and entertain their visitors. o Extended Stay Hotels – These are somewhat similar to suite hotels but usually offer kitchen amenities in the room. These hotels are for long-stayers. o Airport Hotels – These hotels typically target business clientele, airline passengers with overnight travel layovers or canceled flights, and airline crew or staff. Some might give free transport between the hotel and the airport. Some also charge guests by the hour instead of normal daily night charges. o Serviced Apartments – These are also called residential hotels. They provide long-term or permanent accommodation for guests. Usually, guests make a lease agreement with the hotel for a minimum of one month up to a year. Rooms generally include a living room, bedroom, kitchen, private balcony, washing machines, and kitchen utensils. Unlike normal hotels, serviced apartments only provide one (1) housekeeping service per week. o Timeshare/Vacation Rentals – These are sometimes referred to as “vacation-interval” hotels. Guests purchase the ownership of accommodations for a specific period. These owners may also have the unit rented out by the management company that operates the hotel. o City Hotels – These are used by business travelers and tourists alike. Often, the tourists require a hotel in the city’s center, convenient for sightseeing, and not necessarily expensive. In contrast, business travelers will also need a convenient location with relevant facilities. o Suburban Hotels – More and more properties are located in the suburbs because of real estate prices and the population migration from downtown areas. These are near shopping centers or recreational facilities, such as golf courses, and their design includes conference capabilities. The Food and Beverage Service Sector Classification of Food Service Establishments Foodservice can be classified into two (2): commercial foodservice establishments, which comprise operations whose primary business is food and beverage, and non-commercial foodservice establishments where food and beverages are served but are not their primary business (Gcadmin, 2020). Commercial Foodservice Establishments – These are organizations where customers’ eating and drinking needs are provided and profits are made. Examples of commercial food and beverage businesses are restaurants, snack bars, cafes, fast food restaurants, food buffets, and catering businesses. The following are the common types of commercial foodservice establishments: o Fine Dining Restaurants – These have a formal atmosphere, food with expensive prices, and a menu exclusively created by a chef and professional staff that provides a quality service. o Upscale Casual Restaurants – These are a blend of fine dining and fast food dining, which serve moderately-priced food in a more casual atmosphere. These have a friendlier and more informal atmosphere. The key difference between fine and casual dining is the atmosphere and ambiance. Casual dining serves more informally, whereas fine dining includes a more elegant and formal atmosphere. o Quick-Service Restaurants (QSRs) – Also known as fast-food restaurants, these offer low price point items on their menus to be served quickly. They are found in very convenient locations in every possible area, giving them greater purchasing power, less waste, and lower labor 03 Handout 1 *Property of STI  [email protected] Page 4 of 5  TH2108 costs by using disposable utensils. o Ethnic Restaurants – These typically reflect the owner’s cultural identity. This sector’s growth and changing nature reflect the acceptance of various ethnic food items within communities. Ethnic restaurants generally evolve along two routes: toward remaining authentic to the cuisine of the country of origin or toward larger market acceptance through modifying menu items (Mak, Lumbers, Eves, & Chang, 2012). o Buffet Restaurants – These are characterized by a long table or counter on which a variety of food is attractively displayed. It was established on a completely self-serve basis that is usually an “all you can eat” hot and cold food for one price. o Catering and Banqueting – These are catered events where customers typically eat simultaneously, unlike restaurant customers who are served individually or in small groups. The catering and banqueting experience has evolved tremendously to the point where guests who attend events expect restaurant-quality food and service. o Cafés – These are also known as coffee shops. Their primary purpose is to offer hot beverages. These can be individually owned or part of a chain like Starbucks. Most cafés serve either light meals or snacks to accompany their beverages. Depending on the restaurant owner’s choice, they usually have seating arrangements outside or inside the cafe. They also provide the takeaway option. Non-commercial Foodservice Establishments – These foodservice operations can be found in hospitals, healthcare facilities, schools, and military or government installations. Providing food and beverages is not the number one goal for these entities, but a secondary goal offered to support their main purpose. Non-commercial foodservice establishments serve food and beverage products in addition to other services. For example, a university has the primary goal of educating students to enter the workforce. Still, it offers cafeterias and other food services that support that goal. References: Cariño, C., Beltran, M.P. (2013). The hospitality industry an introduction. Mindshapers Co., Inc. Classification of food and beverage businesses. (2020). Golden Crown Foodservice Design Consultancy. Retrieved 3 September 2021, from https://gcfsdc.com/en/classification-of-food-and-beverage-businesses/ Cruz, Z. (2019). Micro perspective of tourism and hospitality. REX Book Store. Hendricks, B. (n.d). Commercial & noncommercial food service operations. Study.com. Retrieved 19 November 2021 Law Insider. (n.d). Health spa. Retrieved 3 September 2021 from https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/health-spa Westcott, M., Anderson, W.Eds. (2021). Introduction to tourism and hospitality in B.C (2nd ed.). Retrieved from https://opentextbc.ca/introtourism2e/ Set up my hotel. (2012). Types of hotels or classification of hotels by their type. Retrieved 02 September 2021, from https://setupmyhotel.com/train-my-hotel-staff/front-office-training/76-classification-of-hotels.html Stainton, H. (2021). Types of accommodation | Made simple. Tourism Teacher. Retrieved from r: https://tourismteacher.com/types-of-accommodation/ 03 Handout 1 *Property of STI  [email protected] Page 5 of 5