Which intermolecular forces are responsible for the solubility of substances in water?
Understand the Problem
The question asks which intermolecular forces enable substances to dissolve in water. It touches on hydrogen bonds, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces. Understanding how these forces interact with water molecules is key to answering the question.
Answer
Ion-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonding, and dipole-dipole interactions are key intermolecular forces for solubility in water, especially for polar and ionic substances.
The solubility of substances in water relies on intermolecular forces such as ion-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonding, and dipole-dipole interactions. Polar and ionic substances tend to be more soluble in water due to these forces.
Answer for screen readers
The solubility of substances in water relies on intermolecular forces such as ion-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonding, and dipole-dipole interactions. Polar and ionic substances tend to be more soluble in water due to these forces.
More Information
The phrase 'like dissolves like' is often used to describe solubility. This means that polar solvents like water dissolve polar and ionic solutes, while nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes.
Tips
A common mistake is to only consider one type of intermolecular force. Solubility often involves a combination of these forces.
Sources
- 2.12: Intermolecular Forces and Solubilities - Chemistry LibreTexts - chem.libretexts.org
- Solubility and intermolecular forces (video) - Khan Academy - khanacademy.org
- 8.2: Solubility and Intermolecular Forces - Chemistry LibreTexts - chem.libretexts.org
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