Which enzyme is crucial for monoamine synthesis, and which vitamin does it utilize as a cofactor?
Understand the Problem
The question asks to identify the enzyme responsible for monoamine synthesis and the vitamin it uses as a cofactor. Monoamines are neurotransmitters, and understanding their synthesis pathway helps in answering the question by identifying the enzyme involved and its required vitamin cofactor.
Answer
Multiple enzymes are involved, utilizing vitamin B6 and tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) as cofactors.
Multiple enzymes are crucial for monoamine synthesis. Key cofactors include tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), which requires folate for synthesis, and pyridoxal phosphate (vitamin B6), which is necessary for AADC catalyzed decarboxylation.
Answer for screen readers
Multiple enzymes are crucial for monoamine synthesis. Key cofactors include tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), which requires folate for synthesis, and pyridoxal phosphate (vitamin B6), which is necessary for AADC catalyzed decarboxylation.
More Information
Monoamines include neurotransmitters like serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine, which are vital for mood regulation, motor control, and various other functions.
Tips
A common mistake is to think only one enzyme and one vitamin are involved in monoamine synthesis; it's a multi-step process with several enzymes and cofactors.
Sources
- Biogenic Amine Neurotransmitters (Section 1, Chapter 12, Part 1 ... - nba.uth.tmc.edu
- [PDF] L-Methylfolate: A Vitamin for Your Monoamines - cdn.neiglobal.com
- Clinical Features and Pharmacotherapy of Childhood Monoamine ... - link.springer.com
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