What are the mechanisms and origins of drug resistance in bacteria?
Understand the Problem
The question is exploring the mechanisms and origins of drug resistance in bacteria, specifically how bacteria become unresponsive to antibiotics. It highlights various mechanisms such as enzyme production and genetic factors.
Answer
Mechanisms: enzymatic degradation, target alteration, metabolic changes, drug efflux. Origins: genetic (chromosomal/extra-chromosomal), non-genetic.
The mechanisms of drug resistance in bacteria include enzymatic degradation of the drug, alteration of drug targets, metabolic pathway changes, and active drug efflux. The origins can be genetic or non-genetic, involving chromosomal or extra-chromosomal factors.
Answer for screen readers
The mechanisms of drug resistance in bacteria include enzymatic degradation of the drug, alteration of drug targets, metabolic pathway changes, and active drug efflux. The origins can be genetic or non-genetic, involving chromosomal or extra-chromosomal factors.
More Information
Antibiotic resistance allows bacteria to survive in the presence of antibiotics, leading to treatment failures. Both genetic and non-genetic factors contribute to this resistance, making it a complex issue.
Tips
A common mistake is assuming resistance only arises from genetic mutations; it can also be transferred through plasmids or non-genetic changes.
Sources
- An overview of the antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of bacteria - pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance | Microbiology Spectrum - journals.asm.org
- Resistance mechanisms - ReAct - Action on Antibiotic Resistance - reactgroup.org
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