In what way did Marcos's use of Citizen Assemblies to ratify the 1973 Constitution reflect his approach to governance?
Understand the Problem
The question is asking how Ferdinand Marcos's use of Citizen Assemblies to ratify the 1973 Constitution reflects his governance style. It requires analysis of the implications of this method in relation to democracy and governance.
Answer
It bypassed a traditional plebiscite, undermining democratic checks on power.
The final answer is b. It bypassed a traditional plebiscite, undermining democratic checks on power.
Answer for screen readers
The final answer is b. It bypassed a traditional plebiscite, undermining democratic checks on power.
More Information
Marcos used Citizen Assemblies instead of a traditional plebiscite, which allowed him to sidestep more democratic processes and reinforce his power.
Tips
A common mistake is assuming that the use of Citizen Assemblies was for increasing transparency or participation, rather than bypassing standard democratic procedures.
Sources
- Supervised Citizens' Units Are Polled in Philippine 'Referendum' - nytimes.com
- Electoral Politics in the Philippines - library.fes.de
- Martial Law in the Philippines: The Methods of Regime Survival - davidwurfel.ca
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