If a plant's transpiration rate significantly decreases due to a prolonged drought, which of the following is the most likely direct consequence within the xylem?
Understand the Problem
The question is asking about the direct consequence of a decreased transpiration rate in plants during a drought, specifically focusing on what happens within the xylem. The xylem is the vascular tissue responsible for transporting water and nutrients from the roots to the rest of the plant. Transpiration is the process by which water evaporates from plant leaves, which creates a tension that pulls water up the xylem. We need to identify how a reduced transpiration rate during drought affects this process.
Answer
Increased tension in xylem.
If a plant's transpiration rate significantly decreases due to a prolonged drought, increased tension (more negative pressure) in the xylem is the most likely direct consequence. This can lead to cavitation and embolism, hindering water transport.
Answer for screen readers
If a plant's transpiration rate significantly decreases due to a prolonged drought, increased tension (more negative pressure) in the xylem is the most likely direct consequence. This can lead to cavitation and embolism, hindering water transport.
More Information
Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems and flowers. The xylem is the vascular tissue in plants that conducts water and dissolved nutrients upward from the roots.
Tips
A common mistake is to confuse the roles of xylem and phloem. Xylem transports water, while phloem transports sugars.
Sources
- Water Uptake and Transport in Vascular Plants - Nature - nature.com
- than just a vulnerable pipeline: xylem physiology in the light of ion ... - academic.oup.com
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