Can you provide detailed information about the sole muscles listed in the table, including their origin, insertion, nerve supply, nerve root, and action?

The sole muscles include abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor digiti minimi, quadratus plantae, lumbricals, flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis, and flexor digiti minimi brevis, with varied origins, insertions, actions, and nerve supplies. See full answer for details.

The sole muscles listed in the table have specific origins, insertions, nerve supplies, nerve roots, and actions:

1. Abductor Hallucis

   • Origin: Medial tuberosity of calcaneum and flexor retinaculum
   • Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of big toe
   • Nerve Supply: Medial plantar nerve
   • Nerve Root: S2, 3
   • Action: Flexes and abducts big toe; braces medial longitudinal arch

2. Flexor Digitorum Brevis

   • Origin: Medial tubercle of calcaneum
   • Insertion: Four tendons to four lateral toes—inserted into borders of middle phalanx; tendons perforated by tendons of flexor digitorum longus
   • Nerve Supply: Medial plantar nerve
   • Nerve Root: S2, 3
   • Action: Flexes lateral four toes; braces medial and lateral longitudinal arches

3. Abductor Digiti Minimi

   • Origin: Medial and lateral tubercles of calcaneum
   • Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of fifth toe
   • Nerve Supply: Lateral plantar nerve
   • Nerve Root: S2, 3
   • Action: Flexes and abducts fifth toe; braces lateral longitudinal arch

4. Quadratus Plantae

   • Origin: Medial and lateral sides of calcaneum
   • Insertion: Tendon of flexor digitorum longus
   • Nerve Supply: Lateral plantar nerve
   • Action: Assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral four toes

5. Lumbricals (4)

   • Origin: Tendons of flexor digitorum longus
   • Insertion: Dorsal extensor expansion; bases of proximal phalanges of lateral four toes
   • Nerve Supply: First lumbrical - medial plantar nerve; remainder - lateral plantar nerve
   • Action: Extends toes at interphalangeal joints

6. Flexor Hallucis Brevis

   • Origin: Cuboid, lateral cuneiform, tibialis posterior insertion
   • Insertion: Medial tendon into medial side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe; lateral tendon into lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe
   • Nerve Supply: Medial plantar nerve
   • Action: Flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of big toe; supports medial longitudinal arch

7. Adductor Hallucis

   • Origin: Oblique head: bases of second, third, and fourth metatarsal bones; transverse head from plantar ligaments
   • Insertion: Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe
   • Nerve Supply: Deep branch lateral plantar nerve
   • Action: Flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of big toe; holds together metatarsal bones

8. Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

   • Origin: Base of fifth metatarsal bone
   • Insertion: Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of little toe
   • Nerve Supply: Lateral plantar nerve
   • Action: Flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of little toe