A patient requires angiography of both the vertebral and internal carotid arteries. What is the MINIMUM number of contrast injections required to visualize both arteries, and what... A patient requires angiography of both the vertebral and internal carotid arteries. What is the MINIMUM number of contrast injections required to visualize both arteries, and what is the TOTAL volume of contrast used?
Understand the Problem
The question asks for the minimum number of contrast injections and the total volume of contrast required to visualize both the vertebral and internal carotid arteries during angiography. This requires knowledge of common angiography procedures and contrast usage.
Answer
A minimum of two contrast injections are needed. Total contrast volume is usually between 80-100ml.
To visualize both the vertebral and internal carotid arteries with angiography, a minimum of two contrast injections is typically required, one for each side of the neck. The total volume of contrast used can vary, but is usually between 80-100ml.
Answer for screen readers
To visualize both the vertebral and internal carotid arteries with angiography, a minimum of two contrast injections is typically required, one for each side of the neck. The total volume of contrast used can vary, but is usually between 80-100ml.
More Information
The exact volume depends on the specific protocol used by the radiology department and the patient's individual anatomy and condition.
Tips
Contrast volumes can vary based on if a catheter is used to inject the contrast directly, or if the contrast is introduced intravenously.
Sources
- Vertebral Angiography - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics - sciencedirect.com
- Digital subtraction angiography: Intravenous and intra-arterial ... - jvascsurg.org
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