1. What is the structure of DNA and RNA? How are they different? 2. How does DNA replication occur? 3. What enzymes are involved in DNA replication and what are their functions? 4.... 1. What is the structure of DNA and RNA? How are they different? 2. How does DNA replication occur? 3. What enzymes are involved in DNA replication and what are their functions? 4. How is replication semi-conservative? 5. What is the difference between leading and lagging strand and how do they differ in replication? 6. Describe the process of transcription. 7. Where in the cell does transcription occur? 8. Distinguish between the roles of mRNA and tRNA. 9. Describe the role of the ribosome in translation. 10. Be able to replicate, transcribe and translate a strand of DNA using a codon wheel. 11. What is a mutation? What are the types of gene/point mutations?
Understand the Problem
The question is asking about various aspects of DNA and RNA, including their structures, replication processes, transcription, translation, and mutations. It aims to understand the molecular biology processes involved in genetics.
Answer
DNA replication is semiconservative involving leading/lagging strands, transcription occurs in the nucleus with mRNA and tRNA facilitating protein synthesis.
DNA replication is semiconservative; one parent strand is retained in each daughter DNA. Enzymes include DNA helicase (unwinds DNA), RNA primase (lays primers), DNA polymerase (extends DNA), and DNA ligase (seals fragments). Leading strand replicates continuously, lagging strand discontinuously. Transcription occurs in the nucleus with mRNA and tRNA roles in protein synthesis.
Answer for screen readers
DNA replication is semiconservative; one parent strand is retained in each daughter DNA. Enzymes include DNA helicase (unwinds DNA), RNA primase (lays primers), DNA polymerase (extends DNA), and DNA ligase (seals fragments). Leading strand replicates continuously, lagging strand discontinuously. Transcription occurs in the nucleus with mRNA and tRNA roles in protein synthesis.
More Information
The semiconservative model of replication, proposed by Watson and Crick, ensures genetic continuity. Ribosomes translate mRNA into proteins, and point mutations can alter genetic instructions, leading to diversity or disease.
Tips
Common mistakes include confusing leading and lagging strands. Remember, the leading strand is synthesized continuously towards the replication fork, while the lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously, away from the fork.
Sources
- Molecular mechanism of DNA replication (article) - Khan Academy - khanacademy.org
- DNA Replication Enzymes | Overview, List & Order - Study.com - study.com
- 9.2 DNA Replication – Concepts of Biology – 1st Canadian Edition - opentextbc.ca
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