Zoology II Unit 5: Class Reptilia Review

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Questions and Answers

What does the class Reptilia include?

Turtles (correct)

Birds

Mammals

Lizards (correct)

What does Reptilia mean?

to creep

What is the study of amphibians and reptiles called?

Herpetology

Reptiles were the first completely _____ animals.

terrestrial Signup and view all the answers

What are most reptiles called based on their four legs?

Tetrapods Signup and view all the answers

What term describes reptiles that lay eggs?

Oviparous Signup and view all the answers

What do we call reptiles that give birth to live young?

Viviparous Signup and view all the answers

Reptile embryos develop in a _____ waterproof amniotic egg.

leathery Signup and view all the answers

How do reptiles breathe?

Using lungs Signup and view all the answers

What is the outer layer of reptilian skin made of?

Scutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of molting or shedding skin called?

Ecdysis Signup and view all the answers

Snakes, lizards, and turtles have a _____ chambered heart.

3 Signup and view all the answers

Crocodilians have a _____ chambered heart.

4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the common opening for digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts called?

Cloaca Signup and view all the answers

What is the most sensitive sense of reptiles?

Vision Signup and view all the answers

What do snakes feel in the ground?

Vibrations Signup and view all the answers

What sensory organs do snakes use to detect odors?

Jacobson's organs Signup and view all the answers

Reptiles' ideal temperature for digestion is _____ degrees F.

85 Signup and view all the answers

How do reptiles reproduce?

By internal fertilization Signup and view all the answers

What is asexual reproduction in reptiles called?

Parthenogenesis Signup and view all the answers

What determines the sex of certain reptiles, such as some turtles and lizards?

Temperature dependent sex determination Signup and view all the answers

What does Order Rhynchocephalia include?

The tuatara Signup and view all the answers

Where can tuataras be found?

New Zealand Signup and view all the answers

What does Order Squamata include?

Snakes and lizards Signup and view all the answers

What does the term Squamata mean?

Scaly Signup and view all the answers

What are snakes considered to be descendants of?

Lizards Signup and view all the answers

What will lizards drop when threatened?

Tails Signup and view all the answers

What contains cartilage but not bone when a lizard regrows a tail?

The new tail Signup and view all the answers

What is a venomous lizard known as?

Gila monster Signup and view all the answers

What is the largest lizard species?

Komodo dragon Signup and view all the answers

What is the smallest lizard species?

Species of male chameleon Signup and view all the answers

What is the longest living lizard?

Grand Cayman blue iguana Signup and view all the answers

What feature do all snakes and some lizards share in their tongue?

Forked tongue Signup and view all the answers

What allows snake jaws to open at a 150-degree angle?

Special ligaments Signup and view all the answers

What are pit vipers known for?

Having a pit that senses body heat Signup and view all the answers

What do all venomous snakes possess?

Fangs Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of non-venomous snakes?

Round head shape, round pupil, no fangs, no rattle, solid color, double row of caudal scales Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of venomous snakes?

Triangle head shape, vertical pupil, fangs, rattle, bright colors and patterns, single row of caudal scales Signup and view all the answers

What is antivenom used for?

To counteract the effects of venom Signup and view all the answers

How are honey badgers and mongooses related to snakes?

They are immune to snake venom Signup and view all the answers

What are constrictors?

Slow-moving snakes that coil around and squeeze prey Signup and view all the answers

What is the largest snake species?

Python Signup and view all the answers

What are the venomous snakes of Mississippi?

Copperhead, timber rattlesnake, pygmy rattlesnake, diamondback rattlesnake, cottonmouth, coral snake Signup and view all the answers

What does Order Testudinata include?

Turtles and tortoises Signup and view all the answers

What is the shell covering the back of a turtle called?

Carapace Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Overview of Class Reptilia

Class Reptilia includes turtles, tortoises, lizards, snakes, crocodiles, alligators, and tuataras.
Reptilia derives from the Latin word meaning "to creep."
Reptiles are the first completely terrestrial vertebrates.

Reproductive Strategies

Oviparous reptiles lay eggs; viviparous species, like local poisonous snakes, give birth to live young.
Reptiles utilize internal fertilization for reproduction.
Parthenogenesis allows females to produce offspring from unfertilized eggs.
Temperature-dependent sex determination is observed in crocodiles, some turtles, and lizards.

Anatomy and Physiology

Reptiles breathe through lungs and have a tough, dry, waterproof skin made of scales (or scutes).
Snakes, lizards, and turtles possess a three-chambered heart, while crocodilians have a four-chambered heart.
Cloaca serves as a common opening for digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts.
Reptilian embryos develop in leathery, waterproof amniotic eggs.

Sensory Abilities

The most sensitive sense in reptiles is vision; snakes detect vibrations through the ground.
Snake tongues are forked, allowing better sense of smell; Jacobson's organs process odor molecules.

Adaptations and Behavior

Many lizards can drop their tails when threatened, and regrown tails contain cartilage instead of bone.
Scaly skin provides protective functions and reduces water loss.
Venomous snakes have distinct features: triangular head shape, vertical pupils, fangs, and often vibrant coloration.

Orders and Distinctions

Order Rhynchocephalia includes the rare tuatara.
Order Squamata consists of lizards and snakes; lizards are considered ancestral to snakes.
Order Testudinata encompasses turtles and tortoises.

Notable Reptile Species

Gila monster is a venomous lizard; Komodo dragon is the largest lizard.
Various snake characteristics help differentiate venomous from non-venomous types, such as head shape and pupil form.
Common venomous snakes in Mississippi include copperhead, timber rattlesnake, pygmy rattlesnake, diamondback rattlesnake, cottonmouth, and coral snake.

Antivenom and Venom

Antivenom is used to counteract the poisonous effects of snake venom.
Certain animals, like the honey badger and mongoose, exhibit immunity to snake venom.

Key Facts

Ideal temperature for reptilian digestion is approximately 85°F.

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Description

Test your knowledge on Class Reptilia with this flashcard review! Covering key terms and definitions related to reptiles, including turtles, lizards, and the study of herpetology, this quiz will help reinforce your understanding of this fascinating class. Perfect for Zoology II students.