Earth Science (Solar System: Sun and Planets)

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Questions and Answers

What is the stream of high-energy particles sent into space. It also causes aurora borealis and aurora australis.

  • prominences
  • solar flares
  • solar wind (correct)
  • sunspots

___ are storms that look like huge arches and may last for several days

Prominences

____ are more intense than prominences and lasts for about 15 minutes.

solar flares

What are cool black storm areas in the sun?

<p>sunspots</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the energy of the sun come from?

<p>nuclear fusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much larger is the diameter of the Sun in comparison to the Earth's?

<p>100x</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many times larger/smaller is the diameter of Mars in comparison to the Earth's

<p>2/5x</p> Signup and view all the answers

Venus's diameter is slightly larger than the Earth.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Venus is the brightest before sunrise and before sunset.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

From which direction does the Venus rotate from.

<p>East to west (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The moon's diameter is ___ times the Earth's.

<p>1/4x</p> Signup and view all the answers

Also called the "Red Planet."

<p>Mars</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many times larger/smaller is the diameter of Mars in comparison to the Earth's.

<p>1/2x</p> Signup and view all the answers

Also considered as "minor planets."

<p>asteroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much larger is the diameter of Jupiter in comparison to the Earth.

<p>11x</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much larger is the diameter of Saturn in comparison to the Earth.

<p>19/2x</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much larger is the diameter of Uranus in comparison to the Earth.

<p>4x</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what direction does the planet Uranus rotate.

<p>counter-clockwise</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much larger is the diameter of Neptune in comparison to the Earth.

<p>7/2x</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much smaller is the diameter of Pluto in comparison to the Earth.

<p>1/5x</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the sun, where is the site of nuclear fusion?

<p>core</p> Signup and view all the answers

What layer of the sun do we see?

<p>photosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

What layer of the Earth is visible during solar eclipses? It is known for its reddish color. (second layer of a star's atmosphere)

<p>chromosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

The layer just outside of the Sun's core. Photons of light carry the energy created through nuclear fusion reactions in the Sun's core toward the surface as thermal radiation

<p>radiation zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

The outermost, hottest part of its atmosphere, a region of plasma that is normally invisible due to the brightness of the sun's surface.

<p>corona</p> Signup and view all the answers

A region within a star, like the Sun, where energy is transported outwards through the movement of hot plasma, rather than through radiation

<p>convection zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Solar wind

A stream of high-energy particles ejected from the sun into space, causing phenomena like the aurora borealis and aurora australis.

Prominences

Large, arch-like structures of plasma extending from the Sun's surface, lasting for days.

Solar flares

Sudden, intense bursts of energy released from the Sun, lasting about 15 minutes.

Sunspots

Cooler, darker areas on the Sun's surface caused by magnetic activity.

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Nuclear fusion

The process in which light atomic nuclei fuse together to form a heavier nucleus, releasing a tremendous amount of energy.

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Sun's diameter vs Earth's

The Sun's diameter is 100 times larger than the Earth's diameter.

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Mars' diameter vs Earth's

Mars' diameter is about 2/5 the size of Earth's diameter.

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Venus' diameter vs Earth's

False. Venus's diameter is slightly smaller than the Earth's.

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Venus visibility times

False. Venus is the brightest before sunrise and after sunset.

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Venus rotation direction

Venus rotates from east to west, opposite of Earth

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