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Questions and Answers

What primarily characterizes an environmental crisis?

  • Sustainable use of natural resources
  • Stability in ecosystem balance
  • Population growth of endangered species
  • Rapid and largely unpredictable changes in the environment (correct)

Which statement best describes the concept of sustainable development?

  • It aims to maximize economic growth without considering environmental impact.
  • It seeks a balance between conflicting needs within environmental, social, and economic limits. (correct)
  • It promotes the extinction of non-native species for biodiversity.
  • It focuses solely on reducing pollution levels.

What is a main cause of flash floods?

  • Gradual melting of snowpack
  • Consistent light rain over extended periods
  • Severe drought conditions
  • Heavy rainfall surpassing drainage capacity (correct)

How does habitat destruction affect indigenous species?

<p>It reduces their carrying capacity and can lead to extinction. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can notably contribute to habitat destruction?

<p>Deforestation and structural failures in dams (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary consequence of air pollution as described in the content?

<p>It modifies the natural characteristics of the environment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to water pollution?

<p>The introduction of high levels of oxygen. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do nitrogen oxides and sulphur oxides primarily enter the air as pollutants?

<p>During the combustion of fossil fuels. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What immediate effect does water pollution have on the environment?

<p>It degrades water quality and can be toxic. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes how changes in climate affect species adaptation?

<p>Species that cannot adapt may migrate to new habitats. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Environmental Crisis

Rapid, unpredictable, and often irreversible changes in the environment, causing massive extinctions and ecosystem destruction.

Sustainable Development

A development strategy balancing environmental, social, and economic needs and limitations.

Flash Flood

Rising and overflowing of water onto dry land, often caused by heavy rainfall.

Habitat Destruction

The damage to an area's environment, reducing space for plants, animals, and other life, eventually leading to extinction.

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Deforestation

Clearing of forests, potentially causing flash floods due to reduced water absorption and increased runoff.

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Habitat Destruction

The process of damaging or destroying natural habitats, making them unsuitable for the species living there.

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Climate Change

Long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns.

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Pollution

Contamination of the environment by harmful substances, impacting air, water, and land.

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Species Extinction

The complete disappearance of a species from the Earth.

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Water Pollution

Contamination of water bodies with harmful substances which are toxic to humans and the environment.

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Study Notes

Environmental Crisis & Sustainable Development

  • Environmental crisis is characterized by rapid and unpredictable changes in the environment.
  • These changes are often difficult to reverse and can include massive extinctions and ecosystem destruction.

Sustainable Development

  • Sustainable development is a strategy that balances different needs (environmental, social, and economic).
  • This strategy considers the limitations these needs impose on society.

Factors Affecting the Environment

  • Flash flood: Rapid rising and overflowing of water onto normally dry land.
  • Habitat destruction and extinction: Loss of habitats reduces carrying capacity for plants, animals, and other organisms, leading to population decline and potential extinction.
    • Causes: Climate change and pollution
      • Climate change can alter habitats, forcing species to adapt or migrate, potentially leading to extinction if species cannot adapt quickly enough or find new habitats.
      • Pollution from toxic chemicals and heavy metals can impact species abundance and lead to extinction.
  • Water pollution: Harmful substances (chemicals or microorganisms) contaminate water sources, degrading water quality and posing risks to human and environmental health.
  • Air pollution: Contamination of air by chemicals, physical or biological agents modifying natural characteristics.
    • Causes: Burning of fossil fuels releases nitrogen oxides and sulphur oxides becoming acid rain, damaging human, animal and plant life.
  • Climate change: Long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns that can be natural (due to changes in the sun's activity or volcanic eruptions) or human-caused (consumption).

Flash Flood

  • Flash floods occur when there is more rain than the drainage system can handle.
  • Causes include heavy rain (short or prolonged periods) and deforestation.
    • Deforestation removes trees that absorb water, increasing the flow of water downstream and potentially leading to flooding.

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