Respiratory System Presentation
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the pneumotaxic area?

  • Helps in rhythm regulation of the inspiratory area (correct)
  • Regulates voluntary control of respiratory pattern
  • Monitors levels of CO2, O2, and H+
  • Stimulates the inspiratory area to activate and prolong inhalation

    • Where is the medullary rhythmicity area located?

  • In the respiratory center
  • In the cortex
  • In the upper pons
  • In the medulla oblongata (correct)

    • Where are the peripheral chemoreceptors located?

  • Medulla oblongata
  • Central nervous system
  • Aortic bodies and carotid bodies (correct)
  • Upper pons

    • What is the function of the inflation (Hering-Breuer) reflex?

    <p>Protective mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the respiratory system in homeostasis?

    <p>Maintaining blood pH within a narrow range</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the body's cells use oxygen?

    <p>To release energy from nutrient molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the cooperation between the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, what is the specific role of the respiratory system?

    <p>Eliminating CO2 and supplying O2 for gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when large amounts of CO2 are produced by metabolic reactions?

    <p>Blood pH becomes more acidic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average pH of body fluids in a healthy individual?

    <p>7.40</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the respiratory system contribute to the production of ATP?

    <p>By providing for the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular process is known to consume O2 and produce CO2?

    <p>Krebs cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the volume of air remaining in the lungs that cannot be measured?

    <p>Residual Volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of gas exchange between the alveoli of the lungs and the blood in pulmonary capillaries called?

    <p>External respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the exchange of O2 and CO2 between the air spaces in the lungs and the blood take place?

    <p>In the alveolar walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of alveolar macrophages?

    <p>Phagocytosis of dust particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes air to flow into the lungs during inhalation?

    <p>Decrease in alveolar pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of bronchial arteries?

    <p>Perfuse the muscular walls of bronchi and bronchioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total lung capacity for an average adult male?

    <p>$6000$ mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gas law states that each gas in a mixture of gases exerts its own pressure as if no other gases are present?

    <p>Dalton's Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the additional amount of air taken by a deep breath called?

    <p>Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered an active process during pulmonary ventilation?

    <p>Inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does minute ventilation (MV) represent?

    <p>Total air inhaled and exhaled per minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes Henry's Law?

    <p>The quantity of a gas that will dissolve in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas and its solubility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which body fluid does a gas stay in solution more effectively when its partial pressure is higher?

    <p>Blood plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is much more CO2 dissolved in blood plasma compared to O2?

    <p>CO2 has a higher solubility in water than O2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does external respiration take place?

    <p>Alveoli of the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important factor that determines how much O2 binds to hemoglobin?

    <p>Partial pressure of O2 (PO2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does hemoglobin become fully saturated with O2?

    <p>When PO2 is low</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an increase in acidity affect the affinity of hemoglobin for O2?

    <p>It decreases the affinity for O2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve when PCO2 increases?

    <p>It shifts to the right</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve when temperature increases?

    <p>It shifts to the right</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the substrate found in RBC that decreases the affinity of hemoglobin for O2 and helps unload O2 from hemoglobin?

    <p>3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of CO2 is transported in blood plasma as bicarbonate ions?

    <p>70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are clusters of neurons located that send nerve impulses for altering the size of the thorax?

    <p>Medulla oblongata and pons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is considered part of the Lower Respiratory System?

    <p>Terminal Bronchioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the epiglottis during swallowing?

    <p>Preventing food from entering the larynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelial cells is considered the main site for gas exchange in the alveoli?

    <p>Simple squamous epithelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is composed of nine pieces of cartilage?

    <p>Thyroid Cartilage (Adam’s Apple)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the conducting zone in the respiratory system?

    <p>Filter, warm, and moisten air and conduct it into the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the trachea in the respiratory system?

    <p>Conduct air into the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the plates of cartilage as the bronchial structure changes?

    <p>They gradually disappear in the distal bronchioles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Type II Alveolar Cells in the alveoli?

    <p>Secrete alveolar fluid to keep surface between cells and air moist.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure forms a lid over the glottis during swallowing?

    <p>Epiglottis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the trachea located in relation to the esophagus?

    <p>Anterior to the esophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

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