Youth Crime and Media Influence

The YOA was a comprehensive review of the juvenile justice system that was passed in 2003 to replace the Young Offenders Act, which had been revised multiple times due to public concerns about leniency in the juvenile justice system.

Youth advocates argue that youth crime is often exaggerated and misrepresented by the media, suggesting society is to blame rather than individuals. They push for policies addressing poverty and unemployment as root causes of youth crime, rather than supporting punitive justice reforms.

<p>Those supporting a &quot;Law and Order&quot; approach often view youth accused of crimes as a threat to society. They often criticize the youth criminal justice system for being too lenient and argue that reduced custodial sentences and more leniency give youth too many chances, contributing to increased crime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High rates of childhood obesity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The JDA, implemented in 1908, marked the establishment of a separate justice system for youth in Canada. It was based on a welfare model, aimed at rehabilitation and changing kids. This shift reflected a broader social concern for the well-being of children in the early 20th century.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Advocates for the YCJA argue that the act itself is not the problem. Instead, they maintain that the real issue is a lack of resources and support from communities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A key principle emphasized by the YOA is accountability. It mandates that young offenders take responsibility for their actions, acknowledging that they have limited accountability compared to adults.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The JDA viewed delinquents as misguided children in need of help and supervision, while the YOA treated them as dependent individuals who require support, guidance, and discipline to get back on the right path.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The crime-control model emphasizes a shift away from alternative measures and toward a more structured diversion system with greater discretion for professionals. This includes promoting reparation and involvement of communities, victims, and parents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Government budgets (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Police statistics often fail to capture the full scope of youth crime, as they only represent instances that are reported to and dealt with by the police. They may not accurately reflect the overall prevalence of youth crime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Property crime (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The &quot;telescopic effect&quot; refers to a situation where victims accurately remember an event but may not recall the time period accurately, making it difficult to accurately measure the number of offenders involved. This can lead to an inaccurate assessment of the true number of offenders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bartner argues that official statistics may not accurately represent the involvement of all youth in serious crime because of the tendency for a disproportionate number of minorities and individuals from low socio-economic backgrounds to be included in these statistics, potentially influenced by biases in policing and sentencing practices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The text suggests that increases in crime under the YOA and YCJA are likely due to changes in legislation rather than an actual increase in offending behavior among youth. It emphasizes that crime rates are more closely related to changes in law than to shifts in youth behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The text posits that the media plays a significant role in shaping public perceptions of youth crime, often presenting youth as a dangerous class that is out of control. This can contribute to a sense of moral panic and influence policy decisions based on fear and stereotypes rather than actual crime statistics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Criminal behavior exhibited by individuals typically aged 12-17.

Acts of violence that occur on school property or during school events.

The role of media in shaping public perception of youth crime.

Canadian legislation passed in 1984 that governed youth criminal behavior.

2003 legislation to reform the youth justice system in Canada, focusing on rehabilitation.

A group of young people acting in a disorganized and aggressive manner.

The act of stealing a vehicle for pleasure but not intending to keep it.

An individual supporting the view that youth crime is overstated and societal issues must be addressed.

A viewpoint that youth offenders are threats and demand stricter policies.

An inquiry that criticized the YCJA for being too lenient towards youth offenders.

Factors that contribute to youth criminal behavior, including poverty and family issues.

In the 1800s, youth crime was often linked to morality and blamed on poor people.

1908 legislation providing legal status to young offenders in Canada, emphasizing rehabilitation.

A principle allowing the state to act as the parent for juvenile offenders.

Acts that are only considered crimes due to the age of the offender, like skipping school.

The movement in the youth justice system towards harsher penalties and strict policies.

An approach focusing on repairing the harm caused by crime through cooperation among affected parties.

Principles promoting the protection and well-being of children, internationally recognized by treaties.

A societal reaction to perceived youth crime threats, often exaggerated by media.

The process of assessing youth criminal activity through various sources like media, police, and surveys.

Surveys where individuals disclose their own criminal behaviors, often revealing more than police data.

Surveys asking individuals about their experiences as victims of crime to assess overall crime prevalence.

Analyzing the types and patterns of crimes committed by youth, with property crime as the most common.

Measures of how accurately a study reflects reality (validity) and how consistently it yields results (reliability).

Policies driven by public pressure and media fear rather than empirical evidence.

Changes in youth crime rates are often more related to new laws than changes in youth behavior.

The YOA introduced accountability for youth, acknowledging their limited responsibility compared to adults.

Different provinces in Canada set their own age limits for youth offenders under juvenile legislation.