Biochem 5: Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis
42 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which steps of glycolysis is irreversible?

  • Reaction 1, 3 and 10 (correct)
  • Reaction 1, 5 and 7
  • Reaction 2, 6, and 8
  • Reaction 4, 6 and 10

Which enzyme is responsible for Reaction 1 of glycolysis?

  • Enolase
  • Aldolase
  • Phosphoglucose isomerase
  • Hexokinase (correct)

What is the role of Mg2+ in Reaction 1 of glycolysis?

  • Cofactor for Hexokinase (correct)
  • Cofactor for Aldolase
  • Cofactor for Phosphoglucose isomerase
  • Cofactor for Enolase

Why is glucose trapped in the cell after Reaction 1 of glycolysis?

<p>Due to the irreversible nature of Reaction 1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step of glycolysis requires an input of energy through ATP?

<p>Reaction 1 and 3 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step of glycolysis produces energy directly?

<p>Reaction 3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy yield from a cycle of glycolysis?

<p>4 ATP (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which reaction is the rate-limiting and committing step of glycolysis?

<p>Reaction 3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which reaction in glycolysis is the most important regulated reaction?

<p>Reaction 3 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many ATP molecules are required during the preparatory phase of glycolysis?

<p>2 ATP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many ATP molecules are created during the generating phase of glycolysis?

<p>2 ATP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many NADH molecules are generated per glucose molecule in glycolysis?

<p>2 NADH (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under aerobic conditions, where does pyruvate go next?

<p>Citric acid cycle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which reactions in glycolysis are irreversible?

<p>Reactions 1, 3, and 10 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom commonly seen in individuals with inherited disorders of gluconeogenesis?

<p>Poor growth and development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying cause of the main symptoms of inherited disorders of gluconeogenesis?

<p>Deficiency of gluconeogenic enzymes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a possible treatment for inherited disorders of gluconeogenesis?

<p>Supplementation with glucogenic amino acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a precursor for gluconeogenesis?

<p>Glycerol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which shuttle system is used when the starting substrate for gluconeogenesis is alanine?

<p>Malate shuttle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following amino acids is considered a glucogenic amino acid?

<p>Alanine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What coenzyme is required for the transamination reaction that converts alanine to pyruvate?

<p>Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the products of the citric acid cycle?

<p>ATP, NADH, FADH2, CO2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the products of the CAC?

<p>ATP, NADH, FADH2, CO2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the laws of thermodynamics?

<p>They apply to both living and non-living systems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Gibbs Free Energy measure?

<p>The amount of usable energy in a system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Gibbs Free Energy relate to spontaneity?

<p>+G non-spontaneous; -G spontaneous (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between Gibbs Free Energy and biology?

<p>Gibbs Free Energy is used to determine the efficiency of biological processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to pyruvate under aerobic conditions?

<p>It is converted to acetyl-CoA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Mg2+ in Reaction 1 of glycolysis?

<p>It stabilizes the enzyme-substrate complex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a statement of the first law of thermodynamics?

<p>Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about exothermic reactions?

<p>They release heat. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the entropy of a system when energy disperses or spreads out?

<p>It increases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct equation for Gibbs Free Energy?

<p>Delta G = \Delta H - T\Delta S (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a negative value of Gibbs Free Energy indicate?

<p>An exergonic reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is a reaction at equilibrium?

<p>When there is no net transfer of heat or energy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Gibbs free energy change when the reactants are increased compared to the products?

<p>The Gibbs free energy decreases (ΔG &lt; 0). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Even reactions with a fairly large positive ΔG can develop into exergonic reactions if _____________.

<p>the reactants are increased compared to the products. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is it possible for a reaction with a positive standard Gibbs free energy (ΔGo') to occur in our bodies?

<p>The reaction is coupled with an exergonic reaction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of enzymes in coupled reactions?

<p>Enzymes decrease the activation energy of the coupled reaction. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rationale for why the body phosphorylates ATP as a source of energy currency?

<p>The high-energy phosphodiester bond of ATP has a negative ΔG when broken. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do enzymes help in coupled reactions?

<p>Enzymes decrease the activation energy of the coupled reaction. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does this describe:

amino groups are removed from amino acids and transferred to acceptor keto-acids to generate the amino acid version of the keto-acid and the keto-acid version of the original amino acid.

<p>Transamination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser