57 Questions
What is the recommended age to start Pap screening according to the American Cancer Society?
25 years
What is the recommended frequency of primary HPV testing alone for patients aged 25 and above according to the American Cancer Society?
Every five years
At what age does the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology recommend cytology alone for Pap screening?
21 years
What is the recommended Pap screening method for ages 30 through 65 according to the United States Preventive Task Force?
All of the above
According to the text, how often does ACOG recommend co-testing for Pap screening in the age group 30 through 65?
Every five years
What is the age at which the American Cancer Society updated their screening guidelines in 2020 to increase the starting age for Pap screening?
25 years
What is the leading cause of absenteeism for women less than 30 years old?
Primary dysmenorrhea
Which condition results from pelvic pathology and is more severe than primary dysmenorrhea?
Secondary dysmenorrhea
What is the primary etiology of dysmenorrhea based on activity impairment?
Elevated prostaglandin PGF2a production
Which risk factor is associated with primary dysmenorrhea?
Age under 30
What is the likely cause of pelvic pain occurring at or around the time of menses without any pathologic cause?
Primary dysmenorrhea
What treatment is recommended for patients with secondary dysmenorrhea who have lack of response to NSAIDs or hormonal treatment?
Ultrasound and/or laparoscopy
What is the most common causative organism of vulvovaginal infection resulting in a labial mass or cyst?
E. coli
What should be given for inflammation and pain in patients with Bartholin's cyst?
NSAIDs
What may be needed if the Word catheter does not work for refractory Bartholin's cysts?
'Marsupialization'
What should be done if infection is suspected in a Bartholin's cyst?
Culture and sensitivity of the contents of the cyst
What should patients with refractory Bartholin's cysts refrain from until the area heals?
Vaginal intercourse
What should be re-evaluated in about seven to ten days for patients with Bartholin's cysts?
Patients' symptoms
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for candidiasis?
Regular exercise
What is the characteristic feature of candidiasis in terms of vaginal discharge odor?
No odor
What is the recommended treatment for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) if non-albicans species are involved?
Oral fluconazole weekly for six months
What is the most common cause of Bartholin gland cysts?
Chronic inflammation due to mechanical irritation
What is the characteristic size of Bartholin gland abscesses?
1-3 cm
What is the recommended treatment for Bartholin gland cysts?
Incision and drainage
Which diagnostic test is used to confirm candidiasis?
$10 ext{%}$ KOH prep under the microscope
What is the characteristic feature of candidiasis in terms of vaginal pH?
< 4.5
Which drug is recommended as prophylactic therapy for HIV-infected women with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC)?
Oral fluconazole 200 mg weekly
Which age group is most commonly affected by Bartholin gland cysts?
Women older than 60
What is the main reason for ensuring an adequate sample of both the ecto and endocervix using either the brush or the spatula?
To prevent the need for repeat Pap tests due to inadequate specimens
What does the cytology report component indicate with regard to adequacy of the sample?
Presence of endocervical cells
What is the categorization system used for cytologic grading?
The Bethesda system
What is recommended if a woman aged 30 years and older is HPV positive but cytology negative?
Repeat co-testing at one year
What is the management recommendation for LSIL in pregnancy?
Colposcopy preferred, but acceptable to defer to postpartum
What is the recommended treatment for persistent CIN II or III?
Ablative or excisional methods
What is a common risk factor for vulvovaginal candidiasis?
Recent antibiotic therapy
What recommendation is made for women with no lesion on colposcopy or CIN I preceded by lesser abnormalities?
Follow up without treatment and co-test at 12 months.
What is the management recommendation for ages greater than 24 with ASCUS?
HPV testing preferred. If HPV positive, proceed to colposcopy.
What is recommended if there's malignancy in vulvovaginal candidiasis?
Ablative or excisional methods.
What is recommended as first-line non-pharmacologic treatment for primary dysmenorrhea?
Heating pad, hot bath, exercise, pelvic exercises, relaxation therapy
Which imaging technique is recommended as second line if ultrasound is nondiagnostic and fibroids, ovarian torsion, deep endometriosis, or adenomyosis is suspected?
MRI
What do hormonal contraceptives directly suppress to provide relief in primary dysmenorrhea?
Endometrial growth
Which dosing regimen has been found to be superior for pain control with dysmenorrhea?
Continuous dosing
What is recommended as first-line hormonal contraceptive for secondary dysmenorrhea due to endometriosis?
Estrogen-containing contraceptives
Which type of contraceptives have been found to be just as effective as combined oral contraceptives for secondary dysmenorrhea?
Levonorgestrel IUDs
What has been shown to decrease primary dysmenorrhea, but to a lesser extent than combined options and IUDs?
Subcutaneous and subdermal progestin-only contraceptives
What is recommended as first-line pharmacologic treatment for primary dysmenorrhea?
NSAIDs
What are the possible NSAIDs that can be used for the pharmacologic treatment of primary dysmenorrhea?
Ibuprofen, naproxen, celecoxib, mefenamic acid
What do hormonal contraceptives limit in order to provide relief in primary dysmenorrhea?
Endometrial growth resulting in reduced prostaglandin production
What is the recommended screening interval for women aged 65 years or older with a history of adequate prior screening and no history of CIN II in the last 20 years?
They should not be screened for cervical cancer
What does CIN II refer to?
Moderate dysplasia with high-grade lesion
What is the most common presentation among patients with abnormal PAPs?
Postcoital bleeding and cervical mass
Which HPV types are associated with about 70% of all cancers?
HPV 16 and 18
What is contraindicated during pregnancy unless cancer is identified or suspected?
Treatment of CIN
What is the age at which HPV immunization is recommended to start?
11 to 12 years old
Which type of HPV may cause genital warts?
HPV 6, 11, 42, and 43
What are the risk factors associated with an increased risk of developing cervical cancer?
In utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol, Previous treatment of a high-grade precancerous lesion or cervical cancer
What is the recommended vaccine schedule for HPV immunization if it's begun on or after the 15th birthday?
Three doses at zero, two, and six months
Learn about the factors to consider when prescribing penicillin to patients prone to yeast infections, and the associated risk factors including immunocompromised states, pregnancy, hypothyroidism, diabetes, anemia, oral contraceptives, clothing choices, previous candidal vulvovaginitis, and obesity.
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