Yeast in Alcohol Production and Nutrition

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the bio-emulsifier named 'Yansan'?

To provide anti-mutagenic properties

To form a stable water-in-oil emulsion (correct)

To prevent lipid oxidation

To enhance the porosity of yeast cells

How might β-D-glucan contribute to cellular protection?

By degrading proteins in yeast cells

By enhancing yeast cell porosity

By increasing emulsion stability in acidic conditions

By preventing lipid peroxidation (correct)

What role does the yeast cell wall play in the microencapsulation process?

It initiates the hydrolysis of encapsulated substances

It can be used as a carrier on its own (correct)

It acts solely as a barrier without any functional properties

It degrades and enhances the release of encapsulated materials

What was confirmed about the yeast cell wall's effect on cancer cells in mice?

It has a preventive effect on cancer cells Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary methodology utilized for encapsulation in the study by Mokhtari et al.?

Spray drying process Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about glucan mannan lipid particles is accurate?

They were used for the encapsulation of probiotic bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What was a noted benefit of coating probiotic bacteria with yeast cell components in the study?

Increased survival rates during storage Signup and view all the answers

What is one application of yeast microcapsules in the food industry?

Bakery products Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a drawback of using yeast in processing temperature-sensitive molecules?

High drying temperatures may degrade protein carriers Signup and view all the answers

What feature of the yeast cell wall is associated with the free radical scavenging properties?

Anti-mutagenic activity Signup and view all the answers

How do yeast cells contribute to the encapsulation of bioactive compounds?

They facilitate faster dissolution rates of drugs Signup and view all the answers

What is one effect of high inlet temperatures on yeast microcapsules?

Loss of activity of probiotic bacteria Signup and view all the answers

In which forms can microcapsules made from yeast cells be produced?

Tablet or powder forms Signup and view all the answers

What process was used by Ruphuy et al. to encapsulate drugs in yeast glucan particles?

Spray drying Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the role of yeast cells in wastewater recycling?

They assist in the breakdown of organic pollutants. Signup and view all the answers

What factor can negatively influence the activity of chemical bioactive compounds during encapsulation?

High inlet temperatures Signup and view all the answers

What is one benefit of using yeast cells as a carrier for microencapsulation?

Controlled release of compounds Signup and view all the answers

Which yeast species is mentioned as a suitable carrier for food ingredients?

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic makes yeast cells preferable to other wall materials for encapsulation?

Biodegradability Signup and view all the answers

How can the encapsulation efficiency of yeast cells be improved?

By applying pretreatments to yeast cells Signup and view all the answers

Which material is NOT mentioned as a form of yeast used in encapsulation?

Yeast extract powder Signup and view all the answers

What role do bioactive compounds play in food products?

They provide health benefits Signup and view all the answers

Why is the process of microencapsulation using yeast cells considered simple?

It involves few processing steps Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of using yeast cells for encapsulation?

They can affect the sensory properties of the food Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Yeast Cells in Food and Pharmaceutical Applications

Yeast cells are crucial in the production of alcohol, single-cell proteins (SCPs), enzymes, and wastewater recycling.
They provide a bland taste and low cost, making them appealing in the food industry.
Yeast microcapsules can be utilized in various products like baked goods, sauces, and cereals, enhancing their safety and stability.

Microencapsulation Techniques

Spray drying is an effective method for creating microcapsules with yeast cells, preserving core materials and enabling controlled release.
Studies show that high inlet temperatures (200°C) do not significantly impact the encapsulation of compounds like ethyl hexanoate in dried S. cerevisiae cells.
Yeast cells are used to microencapsulate pharmaceuticals such as acyclovir and berberine, with improvements in drug dissolution rates compared to their raw counterparts.

Innovative Carrier Materials

Yeast cells are biodegradable, making them superior to other wall materials for bioactive compound encapsulation.
Whole yeast cells and their components (cell wall and plasma membrane) serve as effective wall materials in microencapsulation.
Pretreatment of yeast cells can enhance the encapsulation efficiency of bioactive compounds.

Functional Benefits and Health Effects

Yeast cell walls possess anti-mutagenic and antigenotoxic properties and can help with free radical scavenging.
Compounds like β-D-glucan found in yeast cell walls may prevent lipid peroxidation and protect DNA from oxidative damage.
Research supports the potential of yeast cell walls in reducing cancer cell proliferation in mice studies.

Applications in Probiotic Encapsulation

Yeast cell walls can also encapsulate probiotic bacteria, improving their stability during storage.
They can detoxify mycotoxins, such as aflatoxin B1, suggesting functionality beyond typical encapsulation roles.
Techniques involve using glucan mannan lipid particles from S. cerevisiae cell walls for the efficient encapsulation of probiotics.

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Description

This quiz explores the significant role yeast cells play in various processes, including alcohol production, the manufacture of single cell proteins, and enzyme production. It also discusses the drawbacks related to temperature-sensitive molecules and the impact of high drying temperatures on these processes.