Year 10 Computing Revision: Moore's Law

Moore's Law

• States that the number of transistors in a dense integrated circuit doubles approximately every two years
• Formulated by Gordon Moore, co-founder of Intel, in 1965
• Has driven the exponential growth in computing power, enabling complex calculations and data processing at higher speeds
• Has enabled the development of advanced technologies such as AI, VR, and big data analytics

Pioneers in Computing

Ada Lovelace (1815-1852)

• Widely credited with creating the first computer program
• Worked with Charles Babbage on his Analytical Engine and wrote an algorithm for it, making her the first computer programmer

Alan Turing (1912-1954)

• Made significant contributions to computer science and AI
• Played a key role in cracking the Enigma code during World War II, using early computers and his concept of the Turing machine

Steve Jobs (1955-2011)

• Co-founder of Apple Inc.
• Played a pivotal role in the development of iconic products like the iPhone and Macintosh

Bill Gates (1955-present)

• Co-founder of Microsoft
• Played a crucial role in the development of the personal computer industry with products like MS-DOS and Windows

Computer Components

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

• Primary component responsible for processing data and executing instructions in a computer system
• Performs arithmetic, logical, and input/output operations

RAM (Random Access Memory)

• Provides temporary storage for data that the CPU needs to access quickly
• Allows for faster data retrieval compared to other storage devices like hard drives

GPU (Graphics Processing Unit)

• Primarily responsible for rendering and processing graphics
• Optimized for parallel processing and handles complex calculations required for graphic-intensive applications

Motherboard

• Vital component that connects and facilitates communication between various hardware components
• Houses the CPU, RAM, GPU, and other essential components
• Provides expansion slots, connectors, and interfaces for connecting peripherals

Data Types

Integers (int)

• Whole numbers without decimal points
• Used for counting, indexing, and performing arithmetic operations

Float (Floating-point numbers)

• Represent real numbers with decimal points
• Used when precise decimal values or calculations involving fractions are required

Assigning Values in Python

• The assignment operator (=) is used to assign values to variables
• The variable on the left side of the assignment operator receives the value on the right side

Comparing Values in Python

• The equality operator (==) is used to compare values in Python
• Returns a Boolean value (True/False) based on the comparison result

Importance of Proper Syntax

• Essential in programming to ensure the code is written correctly and can be understood by the computer
• Incorrect syntax can lead to syntax errors, preventing the code from being executed successfully

HTML and its Role in Web Development

Defining HTML

• Stands for Hypertext Markup Language
• Standard markup language used for creating web pages and applications
• Uses tags to structure content and define elements on a web page

Role of HTML in Web Development

• Backbone of web development, responsible for creating the structure and layout of web pages
• Defines various elements such as headings, paragraphs, lists, images, links, tables, and forms
• Provides the foundation for adding text, multimedia, and interactivity to web pages

Variables in Python

• Used to store and manipulate data
• Act as containers that hold values of different types such as numbers, strings, or Boolean values
• Allow for temporary or permanent data storage for later use in programs