Yacht Second Engineer Certification Exam: Marine Diesel Engineering
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Questions and Answers

Explain the term 'atomisation' in reference to the combustion of fuel.

Atomisation refers to the process of breaking down liquid fuel into small droplets to mix with air for combustion.

Describe the purpose of labyrinth glands in diesel engine turbocharger construction.

Labyrinth glands are used to prevent oil leakage and ensure proper lubrication within the turbocharger.

Sketch a cross section through a four-stroke diesel engine piston and label the main components.

The main components of a diesel engine piston include crown, skirt, pin boss, and rings.

Describe the transfer of gas force from the piston crown to the crankshaft.

<p>The gas force generated by combustion pushes the piston downwards, transferring mechanical energy to the connecting rod and then to the crankshaft.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the principle of operation of a simple hydraulic governor.

<p>A simple hydraulic governor regulates engine speed by controlling the flow of hydraulic fluid to adjust the fuel supply, maintaining a constant speed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors influence atomisation, penetration, and compression ratio in the combustion of fuel?

<p>Factors such as fuel viscosity, injection pressure, air-fuel ratio, and cylinder design influence atomisation, penetration, and compression ratio.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of diffuser in diesel engine turbocharger construction?

<p>The diffuser in a turbocharger converts high-velocity gas into high-pressure gas before entering the engine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the purpose of inducer in diesel engine turbocharger construction.

<p>The inducer in a turbocharger helps to guide air smoothly into the compressor wheel, improving airflow efficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the thrust bearing in diesel engine turbocharger construction?

<p>The thrust bearing in a turbocharger supports the axial thrust load, ensuring proper alignment and smooth operation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the operation of an overspeed trip of the centrifugal type.

<p>An overspeed trip of the centrifugal type operates by using centrifugal force to actuate a mechanism that shuts down the equipment when the speed exceeds a certain limit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the main components of a fuel injector nozzle.

<p>The main components of a fuel injector nozzle include the nozzle body, needle valve, spring, and nozzle tip.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the term 'atomisation' in the context of fuel injection.

<p>Atomisation refers to the process of breaking down liquid fuel into small droplets or particles to improve combustion efficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define 'penetration' in relation to fuel injection.

<p>Penetration is the ability of the fuel spray to reach deep into the combustion chamber for proper mixing and combustion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List four factors influencing centrifugal separator efficiency.

<p>Factors influencing centrifugal separator efficiency include bowl speed, viscosity of the fluid, density difference, and temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does oil loss occur in a separator and how can it be minimized?

<p>Oil loss in a separator can occur due to overflow, emulsification, or improper sealing. It can be minimized by adjusting settings, maintaining seals, and monitoring levels regularly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the factors determining the discharge frequency of an engine lubricating oil purifier?

<p>The factors determining the discharge frequency of an engine lubricating oil purifier include the quality of the oil, operating conditions, and the level of contaminants present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe possible reasons for variations in the oil level of a main engine sump.

<p>Variations in the oil level of a main engine sump can be caused by temperature changes, leaks, incorrect filling, or oil consumption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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