Yacht Second Engineer 060-01 Marine Diesel Engineering Exam

The main engine turbocharger is responsible for increasing the engine's efficiency by compressing air before it enters the combustion chamber, allowing more fuel to be burned and increasing power output.

The turbocharger is cooled by engine coolant or oil, which circulates around the turbocharger to dissipate heat and prevent overheating.

The turbocharger is lubricated by engine oil, which is supplied through dedicated oil lines to ensure smooth operation and reduce friction.

During the drive inspection, important checks include inspecting the tension of the chain, checking for wear or damage, and ensuring proper alignment of the camshaft.

These checks are necessary to prevent chain failure, which could lead to catastrophic engine damage, loss of power, and potential safety hazards.

A simple hydraulic governor operates by using a hydraulic mechanism to regulate the flow of fuel to the engine based on the speed of the engine, maintaining a consistent speed under varying loads.

When the crankcase oil mist detector activates, the on-watch engineer must immediately investigate the source of the mist, shut down the engine if necessary, and take corrective action to prevent potential engine damage.

A sketch should include components such as the relief valve, hinge mechanism, locking mechanism, and gasket for sealing.

Five properties required of lubricating oil are:1. Viscosity - The oil must have the correct viscosity to provide an adequate lubricating film between moving parts.2. Detergency - The oil must have the ability to clean and keep clean the engine components.3. Anti-wear properties - The oil must have the ability to reduce wear between moving parts.4. Corrosion inhibition - The oil must prevent corrosion of engine components.5. Thermal stability - The oil must be able to withstand high temperatures without breaking down.

The principle of operation of a magnetic lubricating oil filter is to use a strong magnetic field to attract and capture ferromagnetic particles, such as metal shavings, from the oil as it passes through the filter. This helps to remove harmful contaminants from the oil, improving its lubricating properties and extending the life of engine components.

The principle of operation of a centrifugal lubricating oil filter is to use centrifugal force to separate contaminants from the oil. As the oil passes through the filter, it is spun at high speed, causing heavier particles like dirt and metal shavings to be forced outwards and collected, while the clean oil continues through the filter.

The principle of operation of a coalescer lubricating oil filter is to use a medium that encourages small water droplets or other contaminants suspended in the oil to combine (coalesce) into larger drops that can then be more easily separated from the oil. This helps to remove water and other impurities from the lubricating oil.

The principle of operation of a plate edge (e.g. auto-klean) lubricating oil filter is to use a series of closely spaced plates or discs that create a tortuous path for the oil to flow through. As the oil passes between the plates, contaminants are trapped on the edges of the plates, effectively filtering the oil and removing harmful particles.

Leaking cylinder air start valves can be detected while the engine is running by listening for an audible hissing or leaking sound coming from the air start valve area.

The procedure upon discovery of leaking cylinder air start valves is to:1. Shut down the engine.2. Isolate the affected cylinder by closing the air start valve.3. Inspect the air start valve and replace it if necessary.4. Restart the engine and check for proper air start valve operation.

Four possible causes of leaking cylinder air start valves are:1. Worn or damaged valve seat2. Worn or damaged valve stem3. Excessive carbon buildup on the valve4. Incorrect valve clearance

Damaged turbocharger bearings

Detonation or pre-ignition

Worn camshaft bearings

Air leaks in the intake system

Loose timing gear train