2GT3 Chapter 5

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Which chromosome does not determine sex in Drosophila?

Autosome

X chromosome

Y chromosome (correct)

Z chromosome

In Drosophila, what is the ratio of X chromosomes to haploid sets of autosomes in normal males?

1:3

1:2 (correct)

1:1

2:1

Which theory states that the balance between X and autosomes determines sex differentiation in Drosophila?

Chromosomal Aberration Theory

Genomic Imprinting Theory

Genic Balance Theory (correct)

Genetic Determination Theory

Which environmental factor influences sex determination in reptiles like crocodiles and turtles?

Temperature Signup and view all the answers

In reptiles with temperature-dependent sex determination, what happens at low temperatures?

100% females are produced Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the Y chromosome shares homology with regions on the X chromosome and recombines with it during meiosis?

Pseudoautosomal Regions (PARs) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the SRY gene located adjacent to the pseudoautosomal region of the Y chromosome?

Triggers testes formation Signup and view all the answers

Which gene on the Y chromosome is responsible for male sex determination in mammals?

SRY gene Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary sex ratio reflective of in a population?

Proportion of males to females conceived Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the Y chromosome is classified as heterochromatic?

Male-specific Region of the Y (MSY) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common characteristic found in males with 47,XYY karyotype?

Subnormal intelligence Signup and view all the answers

During early embryonic development, the embryo is initially hermaphroditic, which means:

The gonadal phenotype is sexually indifferent Signup and view all the answers

The Y chromosome in humans has approximately how many genes?

900-1400 genes Signup and view all the answers

Which chromosome is responsible for triggering the differentiation of gonadal ridges into ovaries or testes in humans?

Y chromosome Signup and view all the answers

Which gene on the Y chromosome plays a crucial role in male sexual differentiation?

SRY gene Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Y chromosome in determining maleness?

The Y chromosome contains genes that trigger the differentiation of the gonadal ridges into testes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Klinefelter syndrome?

Nondisjunction during meiosis, resulting in an extra X chromosome. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of Turner syndrome?

Female external genitalia and internal ducts but ovaries are rudimentary. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common characteristic found in males with 47,XYY karyotype?

Tall stature Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pseudoautosomal region of the Y chromosome?

It shares homology with regions on the X chromosome and recombines with it during meiosis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common karyotype associated with Triplo-X syndrome?

47,XXX Signup and view all the answers

Which chromosomal phenomenon is responsible for dosage compensation between males and females?

Random X chromosome inactivation Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Barr bodies observed in female somatic cells?

They represent the inactivated X chromosome Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of individuals with Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY)?

They have two active X chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why females with Turner syndrome (45,XO) are not entirely normal?

They lack an active X chromosome Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why females with triple or tetra Xs (47,XXX or 48,XXXX) are not entirely normal?

They have an imbalance in X chromosome dosage Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the SRY gene located on the Y chromosome?

It triggers the differentiation of gonads into testes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the pseudoautosomal regions (PARs) on the Y chromosome?

To facilitate synapsis and recombination with the X chromosome during meiosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the SRY (sex-determining region) gene on the Y chromosome?

It triggers the formation of testes during embryonic development Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Klinefelter syndrome?

The presence of an extra X chromosome (47,XXY) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Turner syndrome?

The absence of a functional Y chromosome Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary sex ratio reflective of in a population?

The proportion of males to females conceived Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the male-specific region (MSY) of the Y chromosome?

To encode proteins responsible for male sexual differentiation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of the male phenotype in individuals with Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY)?

The extra X chromosome is inactivated through a process similar to X-inactivation in females. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the tall stature observed in individuals with 47,XYY syndrome?

The extra Y chromosome carries genes that promote increased height. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that triggers the differentiation of gonadal ridges into ovaries or testes during early embryonic development in humans?

The presence or absence of the Y chromosome. Signup and view all the answers

In individuals with 47,XXX syndrome (Triplo-X), what is the primary reason for the observed phenotypic variability?

The degree of X-inactivation and the specific genes affected vary between individuals. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the male phenotype in individuals with a normal 46,XY karyotype?

The presence of the Y chromosome triggers male development through the SRY gene. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the observed intellectual disability in some individuals with 47,XXX syndrome (Triplo-X)?

The degree of X-inactivation and the specific genes affected vary between individuals. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the XIST RNA in mammals?

It binds to and inactivates one of the X chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

In Drosophila, what determines sex?

The ratio of X chromosomes to autosomes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following patterns of temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) in reptiles is correct?

Low temperatures yield females, and high temperatures yield males Signup and view all the answers

Which human chromosomal condition is associated with the presence of an extra X chromosome in females?

47,XXX syndrome (Triplo-X) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Y chromosome in human sex determination?

It triggers the differentiation of gonadal ridges into testes Signup and view all the answers

Which chromosomal condition in humans is associated with the presence of an extra Y chromosome?

Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY) Signup and view all the answers

2GT3 Chapter 5

Choose a study mode

Podcast

Questions and Answers

Which chromosome does not determine sex in Drosophila?

In Drosophila, what is the ratio of X chromosomes to haploid sets of autosomes in normal males?

Which theory states that the balance between X and autosomes determines sex differentiation in Drosophila?

Which environmental factor influences sex determination in reptiles like crocodiles and turtles?

In reptiles with temperature-dependent sex determination, what happens at low temperatures?

Which region of the Y chromosome shares homology with regions on the X chromosome and recombines with it during meiosis?

What is the function of the SRY gene located adjacent to the pseudoautosomal region of the Y chromosome?

Which gene on the Y chromosome is responsible for male sex determination in mammals?

What is the primary sex ratio reflective of in a population?

Which region of the Y chromosome is classified as heterochromatic?

What is the most common characteristic found in males with 47,XYY karyotype?

During early embryonic development, the embryo is initially hermaphroditic, which means:

The Y chromosome in humans has approximately how many genes?

Which chromosome is responsible for triggering the differentiation of gonadal ridges into ovaries or testes in humans?

Which gene on the Y chromosome plays a crucial role in male sexual differentiation?

What is the primary role of the Y chromosome in determining maleness?

What is the primary cause of Klinefelter syndrome?

What is the primary characteristic of Turner syndrome?

What is the most common characteristic found in males with 47,XYY karyotype?

What is the primary function of the pseudoautosomal region of the Y chromosome?

What is the most common karyotype associated with Triplo-X syndrome?

Which chromosomal phenomenon is responsible for dosage compensation between males and females?

What is the significance of Barr bodies observed in female somatic cells?

What is the key characteristic of individuals with Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY)?

What is the primary reason why females with Turner syndrome (45,XO) are not entirely normal?

What is the primary reason why females with triple or tetra Xs (47,XXX or 48,XXXX) are not entirely normal?

What is the primary function of the SRY gene located on the Y chromosome?

What is the primary role of the pseudoautosomal regions (PARs) on the Y chromosome?

What is the role of the SRY (sex-determining region) gene on the Y chromosome?

What is the primary cause of Klinefelter syndrome?

What is the primary cause of Turner syndrome?

What is the primary sex ratio reflective of in a population?

What is the primary function of the male-specific region (MSY) of the Y chromosome?

What is the primary cause of the male phenotype in individuals with Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY)?

What is the primary reason for the tall stature observed in individuals with 47,XYY syndrome?

What is the primary factor that triggers the differentiation of gonadal ridges into ovaries or testes during early embryonic development in humans?

In individuals with 47,XXX syndrome (Triplo-X), what is the primary reason for the observed phenotypic variability?

What is the primary reason for the male phenotype in individuals with a normal 46,XY karyotype?

What is the primary reason for the observed intellectual disability in some individuals with 47,XXX syndrome (Triplo-X)?

What is the primary function of the XIST RNA in mammals?

In Drosophila, what determines sex?

Which of the following patterns of temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) in reptiles is correct?

Which human chromosomal condition is associated with the presence of an extra X chromosome in females?

What is the primary role of the Y chromosome in human sex determination?

Which chromosomal condition in humans is associated with the presence of an extra Y chromosome?

More Like This

The Y Chromosome and Male Development

X and Y Chromosome in Biological Sex Determination

Genetics: Holandric Inheritance

Biology: Chromosomes and DNA