38 Questions
Who was a protégé of Andrew Jackson?
Polk
In what year was the Republic of Texas annexed by the United States?
1846
What was the name of the war fought between the United States and Mexico?
The Mexican-American War
What was the name of the territory that was jointly occupied by the United States and Great Britain?
The Oregon Territory
What was the name of the treaty that marked the beginning of Anglo-American cooperation?
The Treaty of 1818
What was the main reason for the United States to claim the Oregon Territory?
To fulfill Manifest Destiny
How long was the joint occupancy of the Oregon Territory initially intended to last?
Ten years
What did Polk claim the Oregon Territory was in his inaugural address?
Clear and unquestionable
What was the primary objective of the U.S. ministers sent to Paris by John Adams?
To negotiate a commercial agreement to protect U.S. shipping
What was the outcome of the 'XYZ affair' in the United States?
It caused outrage in the United States
What was the consequence of George Logan's action in Paris?
He was considered a traitor in the United States
What was the outcome of the Logan Act of January 30, 1799?
It prohibited unauthorized citizens from negotiating with foreign governments
What was one of the concrete issues that remained in the way of normalized relations between Britain and the United States?
All of the above
What was the result of the treaty of cession between France and the United States in 1803?
The United States more than doubled its territory
What was the price of the Louisiana Purchase in 1803?
60 million francs
What was the long-term goal of the United States as a result of the Louisiana Purchase?
To extend its territory from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean
Who were the two explorers entrusted by President Jefferson to find a route to the Pacific?
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark
What was the main reason behind the British frigate Leopold opening fire on the American frigate Chesapeake?
The American vessel was harboring British naval deserters
What was the outcome of the vote in the United States Senate on the ratification of the treaty of cession in October 1803?
26 to 6 in favor of the treaty
What was the approximate price per acre of the land acquired through the Louisiana Purchase?
8 cents per acre
What was the main challenge faced by President Jefferson during the Louisiana Purchase?
A constitutional dilemma
What was the total amount of French debts owed to American citizens that the United States agreed to assume?
20 million francs
What was the reason behind the strained relationship between Great Britain and the United States during the Napoleonic Wars?
Provocations by the British
What was the approximate amount of land acquired through the Louisiana Purchase?
865,000 square miles
What was the result of the repeal of the embargo?
The Non-Intercourse Act of 1809
Who was the Prime Minister of Britain mentioned in the text?
Robert Peel
What was the latitude line of the northern boundary of Oregon?
54 degrees, 40 minutes
What was President Polk's decision on December 2, 1845?
To give the British notice of withdrawal from the Treaty of 1818
What was the result of the boundary disputes between Britain and the United States?
The signing of the Oregon Treaty of 1846
Why did President Polk 'gamble' that war in the Pacific Northwest was unlikely?
Because the British Empire was dealing with conflicts in New Zealand and Afghanistan
What was the name of the treaty signed on June 15, 1846?
The Oregon Treaty
What was the location of the conflict between the British and the Maori?
New Zealand
Who was the President of the Swiss Confederation involved in the Alabama dispute?
The President of the Swiss Confederation
What was the importance of the Alabama dispute in international law?
It established the principle of resorting to pacific arbitration for international disputes
What was the concept introduced in the Treaty of Ghent of 1814?
Neutral element
Who appointed one member to the commission in the Alabama dispute?
The United States and Britain
What was the outcome of the Alabama dispute commission?
A kind of collegiate international court
What was the inspiration for the establishment of a 'mixed' commission in the Alabama dispute?
The Jay Treaty of 1794
Study Notes
XYZ Affair and Early American-French Relations
- In 1797, France sent three agents (X, Y, and Z) to negotiate with the US, but they demanded a bribe, sparking outrage and almost leading to war
- John Adams sent three ministers to Paris to negotiate a commercial agreement to protect US shipping
- The "XYZ Affair" caused a diplomatic crisis between the US and France
- George Logan traveled to Paris and negotiated a pact to stop French aggression against US merchant ships, but his actions were seen as treasonous in the US
Louisiana Purchase and Westward Expansion
- The Louisiana Purchase of 1803 more than doubled US territory, acquiring land from France for $11.5 million
- The purchase eliminated French territorial claims in North America and opened up the possibility of westward expansion
- President Thomas Jefferson sent explorers Meriwether Lewis and William Clark on a transcontinental journey to find a route to the Pacific Ocean
- The Louisiana Purchase also led to the concept of Manifest Destiny, which held that the US was destined to expand across North America
Diplomatic Tensions with Britain
- The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815) created tension between the US and Britain, as the US tried to maintain neutrality
- The British Navy impressed American sailors, leading to conflicts and almost leading to war
- In 1807, the British frigate Leopold fired on the American frigate Chesapeake, killing 21 Americans and sparking outrage
- The incident led to the passage of a law in December 1807
Oregon Territory and Manifest Destiny
- The Treaty of 1818 established joint British-American occupation of the Oregon Territory
- However, American settlers began to move into the territory, and the US government began to assert its claim to the land
- In 1845, President James K. Polk declared that the US would occupy the Oregon Territory, leading to tensions with Britain
- The two countries came close to war, with nationalist cries of "Fifty-Four Forty or Fight" echoing in the US
- However, the dispute was eventually settled with the signing of the Oregon Treaty in 1846
During the Quasi-War, privateers sank or captured over 300 American ships, leading President John Adams to send ministers to Paris to negotiate a commercial agreement. The representatives met with French agents X, Y, and Z, which led to the XYZ Affair.
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