Untitled Quiz

The roof of the oral cavity and floor of the nasal cavity. It separates the oral and nasal cavities.

Treated with penicillin, doxycycline, or tetracycline (if allergic to penicillin).

The fixed anterior 2/3rds of the palate, formed by the palatine process of the maxilla and palatine bones.

Combination of 4 drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol) initially, then 2 drugs (isoniazid and rifampicin) for the next 4 months.

Uses antiviral agents like acyclovir, valacyclovir, and topical treatments like patches and ointments (e.g., Larifan).

The flexible posterior 1/3rd of the palate, a muscular extension of the hard palate, including the uvula.

The tongue's highly flexible muscular organ, covered by non-keratinized mucosa. Contains papillae for taste.

Treated with antifungal agents like nystatin/mycostatin, fluconazole, or amphotericin B.

Involves topical corticosteroids, intralesional triamcinolone (corticosteroid), systemic prednisone, and may include dietary supplements (Vit. B12, folic acid, iron, zinc sulfate), and water intake.

Small bumps on the tongue's surface; some contain taste buds. There are different types.

The inferior limit of the oral cavity, formed by the muscles, including the mylohyoid, digastricus, and stylohyoid.

A muscle of the cheek, covered by adipose tissue. It contributes to cheek formation.

Muscles in the palate; aid in swallowing by preventing food from entering the nose. Example: Tensor veli palatini, Levator veli palatini, or Palatopharyngeus.

A harmless, whitish, linear line on the buccal mucosa, typically found near the occlusal plane.

A condition caused by chronic biting of the oral mucosa, often seen in psychologically stressed individuals, leading to superficial wear and potential wounds.

A raised, multiple-fold lesion found in mucolabial or mucobuccal grooves, often from ill-fitting dentures, potentially leading to ulcers.

A reactive condition triggered by excessive pressure on oral mucosa, often associated with ill-fitting dentures, resulting in enlarged papillae.

Dental injury or damage to the oral structures from faulty or improper biting and chewing.

Unnecessary and habitual movements of the jaw or orofacial muscles that increase wear to the teeth and other oral structures.

Oral injuries that result from medical or dental treatments or procedures.

General term for injuries and damage to the oral soft tissues (lining of the mouth).

Oral mucosa changes during or shortly after radiation therapy, resolving within 90 days. Characterized by erythema, edema, and possible erosions or ulcers.

Chronic changes in oral mucosa after radiation treatment. Includes telangiectasia, atrophy, jaw bone problems, scarring and risk of malignancy.

Nonvital irradiated bone that persists longer than 3 months, causing pain, cortical perforation, and possible fracture.

Gingival enlargement caused by certain medications like cyclosporine, aspirin and mercury.

Contagious skin infection due to Streptococcus or Staphylococcus bacteria, often starting at skin damage.

Occur during or shortly after radiation therapy and resolve within 90 days.

Dry mouth, often a symptom of radiation therapy.

Includes supportive care (discontinuing radiation, vitamins), managing pain (lidocaine, benzocaine), and addressing hygiene.

Diphtheria spreads from the tonsils to nearby structures, often causing a thick, grayish membrane that can be difficult to remove and bleeds easily.

Diphtheria causes a thick pseudomembrane, fever, difficulty breathing (due to airway obstruction), and a sore throat that's usually not very painful. It can also cause general malaise, swollen lymph nodes, and a foul odor in the breath.

The pseudomembrane in diphtheria is made of dead tissue (necrotic fibrin), white blood cells, red blood cells, epithelial cells, and bacteria.

After about five days, the pseudomembrane in diphtheria begins to loosen and shed, leaving ulcers that take about two weeks to heal.

Diphtheria can cause serious complications like damage to the heart, nerves, kidneys, and can lead to a swollen neck (bull's neck) and skin problems resembling eczema. In severe cases, it can lead to respiratory failure and death.

Treating diphtheria requires antibiotics (erythromycin), oxygen therapy for breathing problems, and diphtheria antitoxin (to neutralize the toxin). Supportive care like fever control and encouragement to eat and drink is also important.

Cat scratch disease is caused by a bacteria transmitted through the scratch or bite of a cat.

Common symptoms include swollen lymph nodes, pain and tenderness near the scratch site, and sometimes a blister or a sore at the site of the scratch.

A condition characterized by adherent white or gray patches mainly on the lateral lingual margins, developing on the ventral/lateral aspects of the tongue. The surface of the patches usually appears corrugated, forming prominent folds or projections resembling 'hairs'. When chronic, these alterations become more homogenous, similar to idiopathic leukoplakia. On the ventral surface of the tongue, the lesion may be flat.

CMV, a member of the Herpesvirus group, can lead to various oral manifestations. It can cause asymptomatic cases, nonspecific painful ulceration on gingiva and tongue, enlargement of parotid and submandibular glands, dry mouth, fever, malaise, myalgia, and headache. It can also cause aphthous-like ulcers that are painful, have a raised border, appear necrotic with a halo, and are often large and deep. These ulcers are usually single, but can occur throughout the oral cavity. They may be more prominent in immunocompromised patients. Large, chronic CMV-related ulcers of the oral mucosa and gingiva are found exclusively in severely immunodeficient individuals, especially in severe HIV/AIDS cases.

CMV is spread through saliva and urine. Infected individuals can shed the virus for months after the primary infection. This shedding can be continuous or episodic for several years. Many children, especially in daycare settings, excrete CMV. Children with congenital CMV infections can excrete the virus for up to 6 years. Adults excrete the virus for shorter periods, and excretion is more frequent with immunodeficiency or immunosuppression. It's important to note that CMV is not highly contagious, but it can spread among household members and young children.

Hairy tongue is usually asymptomatic. However, it can cause a burning sensation or irritation in the patient, especially lingually.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a type of herpesvirus (HHV5), also known as Human Herpesvirus 5. It's a common virus that can stay dormant in the body for years. It can be reactivated by conditions like immunodeficiency or immunosuppression.

CMV is excreted in saliva and urine. It can be shed for many months after the primary infection and can continue or recur for several years. Children, especially those in daycare settings, often shed the virus. Children with congenital CMV infection may excrete the virus for up to 6 years. Adults shed the virus for shorter periods, and shedding often recurs with immunodeficiency or immunosuppression.

Hairy tongue is characterized by white or gray patches on the lateral margins (sides) of the tongue. These patches have a corrugated appearance with folds or projections that resemble hairs. In chronic cases, the patches become more uniform, resembling idiopathic leukoplakia. On the ventral surface (underside) of the tongue, the lesion may be flat.

CMV is not highly contagious. It's more likely to spread among close contacts, such as household members and young children in daycare settings.