Electron, Photon and X-Ray
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Questions and Answers

What is the effective charge felt by an electron in the L-shell?

  • (Z - 1)e (correct)
  • 2e
  • Ze
  • e
  • What is the wavelength of the Kα line in terms of the atomic number Z?

  • 1216 Å (Z - 1)
  • 1216 Å (Z - 1)²
  • 1216 Å / (Z - 1)²
  • 1216 Å / (Z - 1) (correct)
  • What is the frequency of the Kα line in terms of the atomic number Z?

  • 2.47 × 10¹⁵ Hz / (Z - 1)²
  • 2.47 × 10¹⁵ Hz / (Z - 1)
  • 2.47 × 10¹⁵ Hz (Z - 1)
  • 2.47 × 10¹⁵ Hz (Z - 1)² (correct)
  • What is the energy of the Kα line in terms of the atomic number Z?

    <p>10.2 (Z - 1)² eV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of metals when exposed to UV light?

    <p>They emit photoelectrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when an electron jumps from a higher energy orbit E1 to a lower energy orbit E2?

    <p>It radiates energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy of the X-ray photon emitted when an electron jumps from the L-shell to the K-shell?

    <p>E1 - E2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What series of X-rays is formed when an electron from the L, M, N shells jumps to the K-shell?

    <p>K-series</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the X-ray spectrum?

    <p>It consists of sharp lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when an electron striking the target ejects an electron from the K-shell of the atom?

    <p>A vacancy is created in the K-shell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition for the electron beam to pass undeflected and produce illumination at point P?

    <p>Electric force is equal to magnetic force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the gain in kinetic energy of an electron as it accelerates from cathode to anode?

    <p>eV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the deflection of an electron in a purely electric field?

    <p>y = eEl/mv</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ratio of the charge of an electron to its mass?

    <p>1.77 x 10^11 C/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the faint luminous glows that come out from each hole on the backside of the cathode in a discharge tube?

    <p>Positive rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum frequency of X-ray radiation in terms of the accelerating voltage?

    <p>proportional to V</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the continuous X-ray spectrum?

    <p>Consists of all wavelengths over a given range</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when an electron is knocked out from an inner shell of the target atom?

    <p>A vacancy is created</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relation between the wavelength of X-ray radiation and the accelerating voltage?

    <p>The wavelength is inversely proportional to the voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dependence of the intensity of X-ray radiation on the wavelength?

    <p>The intensity is inversely proportional to the wavelength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum wavelength of X-ray radiation in terms of the accelerating voltage?

    <p>proportional to V</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the X-ray spectrum at a particular accelerating voltage?

    <p>Rises rapidly to a maximum and then drops gradually</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relation between the maximum frequency of X-ray radiation and the accelerating voltage?

    <p>The frequency is directly proportional to the voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when an electron collides with a target atom?

    <p>An electron is knocked out from an inner shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of wavelengths in the continuous X-ray spectrum?

    <p>From a certain minimum to infinity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the formation of positive rays?

    <p>Positive ions formed by the ionization of gas atoms travel towards the cathode.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of positive rays in terms of their mass?

    <p>They have different masses if the gas has isotopes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do positive rays interact with electric and magnetic fields?

    <p>They are deflected, but the deflection is small compared to that of cathode rays.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the velocity of positive rays?

    <p>They have a range of velocities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of motion of positive rays?

    <p>They travel from the cathode to the anode.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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