Electron, Photon and X-Ray

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Questions and Answers

What is the effective charge felt by an electron in the L-shell?

  • (Z - 1)e (correct)
  • 2e
  • Ze
  • e

What is the wavelength of the Kα line in terms of the atomic number Z?

  • 1216 Å (Z - 1)
  • 1216 Å (Z - 1)²
  • 1216 Å / (Z - 1)²
  • 1216 Å / (Z - 1) (correct)

What is the frequency of the Kα line in terms of the atomic number Z?

  • 2.47 × 10¹⁵ Hz / (Z - 1)²
  • 2.47 × 10¹⁵ Hz / (Z - 1)
  • 2.47 × 10¹⁵ Hz (Z - 1)
  • 2.47 × 10¹⁵ Hz (Z - 1)² (correct)

What is the energy of the Kα line in terms of the atomic number Z?

<p>10.2 (Z - 1)² eV (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of metals when exposed to UV light?

<p>They emit photoelectrons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an electron jumps from a higher energy orbit E1 to a lower energy orbit E2?

<p>It radiates energy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy of the X-ray photon emitted when an electron jumps from the L-shell to the K-shell?

<p>E1 - E2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What series of X-rays is formed when an electron from the L, M, N shells jumps to the K-shell?

<p>K-series (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the X-ray spectrum?

<p>It consists of sharp lines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an electron striking the target ejects an electron from the K-shell of the atom?

<p>A vacancy is created in the K-shell. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for the electron beam to pass undeflected and produce illumination at point P?

<p>Electric force is equal to magnetic force (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the gain in kinetic energy of an electron as it accelerates from cathode to anode?

<p>eV (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the deflection of an electron in a purely electric field?

<p>y = eEl/mv (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ratio of the charge of an electron to its mass?

<p>1.77 x 10^11 C/kg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the faint luminous glows that come out from each hole on the backside of the cathode in a discharge tube?

<p>Positive rays (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum frequency of X-ray radiation in terms of the accelerating voltage?

<p>proportional to V (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the continuous X-ray spectrum?

<p>Consists of all wavelengths over a given range (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an electron is knocked out from an inner shell of the target atom?

<p>A vacancy is created (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relation between the wavelength of X-ray radiation and the accelerating voltage?

<p>The wavelength is inversely proportional to the voltage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the dependence of the intensity of X-ray radiation on the wavelength?

<p>The intensity is inversely proportional to the wavelength (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum wavelength of X-ray radiation in terms of the accelerating voltage?

<p>proportional to V (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the X-ray spectrum at a particular accelerating voltage?

<p>Rises rapidly to a maximum and then drops gradually (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relation between the maximum frequency of X-ray radiation and the accelerating voltage?

<p>The frequency is directly proportional to the voltage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an electron collides with a target atom?

<p>An electron is knocked out from an inner shell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of wavelengths in the continuous X-ray spectrum?

<p>From a certain minimum to infinity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the formation of positive rays?

<p>Positive ions formed by the ionization of gas atoms travel towards the cathode. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of positive rays in terms of their mass?

<p>They have different masses if the gas has isotopes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do positive rays interact with electric and magnetic fields?

<p>They are deflected, but the deflection is small compared to that of cathode rays. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the velocity of positive rays?

<p>They have a range of velocities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of motion of positive rays?

<p>They travel from the cathode to the anode. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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