X-ray Physics and Technology

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Questions and Answers

Why is the x-ray tube evacuated?

To allow for smoother movement of the electrons

To prevent collisions of electrons with gas molecules (correct)

To enhance the brightness of the x-ray images

To ensure the durability of the x-ray tube

What is one consequence of not evacuating the x-ray tube?

Increased speed of the electrons

Increased efficiency of electron conduction

Reduced risk of filament burnout

Oxidation or burnout of the filament (correct)

What protects the electrons in the x-ray tube from reducing their speed?

The design of the x-ray tube

A coating on the filament

The vacuum environment of the tube (correct)

The presence of gas molecules

What is NOT a function of the vacuum in the x-ray tube?

Increasing the weight of the x-ray apparatus Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the electrons in the x-ray tube without a vacuum?

They collide with gas molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary effects that results from the interaction of x-rays with atoms?

Ionization of the atom Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the energy of a photon when it interacts with a tissue atom?

It undergoes reduction Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of the scattering of x-rays during an interaction?

Change in x-ray direction Signup and view all the answers

Which particle is ejected during the ionization process initiated by x-ray interaction?

Compton recoil electron Signup and view all the answers

What further interaction does the ejected electron undergo after being released from the atom?

Further ionization interactions Signup and view all the answers

What initiates the photoelectric effect?

Interaction with inner-shell electrons Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the energy of the X-ray photon during the photoelectric effect?

It disappears and is completely absorbed Signup and view all the answers

Which shell electron is typically involved in the photoelectric effect when X-ray photons interact with tissue atoms?

K shell Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the process of the photoelectric effect?

It is characterized by pure absorption of photon energy Signup and view all the answers

What type of photon predominantly contributes to the photoelectric effect in tissue?

X-ray photons Signup and view all the answers

Which type of collimator consists of a metal plate or disk with a hole that allows the beam to pass through?

Diaphragms Signup and view all the answers

What shapes can diaphragms have?

Round or rectangular Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of collimator mentioned?

Metal spheres Signup and view all the answers

Which of these collimator types allows a beam to pass through in a controlled manner?

Diaphragms Signup and view all the answers

Which type of collimator would you use to create a diverging beam?

Cones Signup and view all the answers

What determines the shape of the X-ray beam?

The shape of the diaphragm hole Signup and view all the answers

Where is the diaphragm placed in X-ray equipment?

Over the opening in the head of the machine Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is TRUE regarding the function of the diaphragm in an X-ray machine?

It modifies the shape of the X-ray beam Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the diaphragm and the X-ray beam?

The diaphragm's shape defines the opening for the beam Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary design consideration for the diaphragm in an X-ray machine?

To control the shape of the beam produced Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

X-ray Tube Vacuum

Evacuating the x-ray tube prevents collisions between fast-moving electrons and gas molecules.
These collisions would significantly slow down the electrons.
The vacuum also prevents oxidation and “burnout” of the filament.

X-ray Photon Interactions with Matter

X-ray photons can interact with tissue atoms in various ways.
Compton scattering: X-ray photon ejects a Compton recoil electron.
- Photon energy decreases due to energy transferred to the electron.
- X-ray direction changes, resulting in scattered radiation.
Photoelectric effect: X-ray photon interacts with an inner-shell electron of the tissue atom.
- Photon is absorbed completely by the electron, resulting in pure absorption.

X-ray Beam Collimation

Collimation shapes and restricts the x-ray beam.
Diaphragms are common collimators, consisting of a lead plate with a hole in the center.
The shape of the diaphragm hole determines the shape of the x-ray beam.
Diaphragms are placed over the opening of the x-ray machine head.

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Description

Explore the essential principles of X-ray technology, including the importance of vacuum in X-ray tubes, interactions of X-ray photons with matter, and the significance of beam collimation. This quiz will test your understanding of how these factors influence X-ray imaging and safety.