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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are causing agents of disease?

All (correct)

Physical agents

Chemical agents

Biological agents

Sanitization broadly means?

Educate people and community

Predict the estimated number of deaths linked to poor sanitation and hygiene in rural India.

10 in every 50 deaths

1 in every 100 deaths

It can’t be estimated

1 in every 10 deaths (correct)

Choose the year in which the central rural sanitation program was launched.

1986 (D) Signup and view all the answers

The central rural sanitation program was reconstructed in April and renamed as...

Nirmal bharat abhiyan (B) Signup and view all the answers

Choose the year in which the first Nirmal Gram Puraskar was given.

2005 (A) Signup and view all the answers

Choose the full name of HWT: Household _____ treatment.

water Signup and view all the answers

Predict the type of Ebola virus disease

Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (B) Signup and view all the answers

Select the top three modifiable risk factors for developing cancer

Tobacco use, excess body weight, alcohol intake (D) Signup and view all the answers

Changing or modifying certain behaviors can reduce your risk for developing cancer. What lifestyle modification can reduce your risk of cancer?

All of these (B) Signup and view all the answers

Substance abuse is indicated by

Use of any drug despite adverse consequences (A) Signup and view all the answers

Identify the correct one, Filarial larvae can be collected from man's: ________

Midnight Signup and view all the answers

This does not accurately describe lymphatic filariasis

Vector is the mollusc (A) Signup and view all the answers

Identify the diseases protected by vaccination under UIP are

All of these (C) Signup and view all the answers

Predict the most common symptom of high blood pressure

It has no symptoms that you notice (C) Signup and view all the answers

Predict the measure that does not help to prevent diabetes complications

Eliminating all carbohydrates from the diet (C) Signup and view all the answers

Choose the diagnosis of Gestational diabetes: ________

Glucose Tolerance Test Signup and view all the answers

Select the components of the immune system:

Vitamin-D (B), Vitamin-B9 (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which disease was eradicated through immunization program?

Smallpox (A) Signup and view all the answers

Name an immunosuppressant used to prevent rejection of transplanted organs:

Cyclosporine Signup and view all the answers

In children, the ______ gland is the largest part but eventually shrinks and gets replaced by fat in puberty.

thymus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a stimulant?

Amphetamine (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is breastfeeding important to an infant's health?

It transfers immunity against certain infectious diseases. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of an immunization program?

Prevent the disease agent (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important requirement of a vaccine?

Safety (C) Signup and view all the answers

From which cells does Carcinoma arise?

Epithelial cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following bacterial diseases:

Malaria = Plague polio = Leprosy mumps = Mumps Signup and view all the answers

Vibrio Cholerae is a motile bacterium belonging to which group?

Monotrichous (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard treatment for Cholera?

ORS replacement therapy (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the biggest risk factor for Ebola infection?

Working in a category IV (A) Signup and view all the answers

Choose the mosquito responsible for malaria transmission:

Anopheles (B) Signup and view all the answers

SARS is even more difficult to diagnose; Choose the correct one:

tests (C) Signup and view all the answers

Select the types of blindness?curable

all of the these (C) Signup and view all the answers

Select the body responsible for formulating policy and implementing programs for prevention and control of HIV in India?

NACO (D) Signup and view all the answers

Select the date World Health Organization recognized to celebrate the World Tuberculosis Day

24th March (A) Signup and view all the answers

World Health Organization recommended a control strategy for TB known as:

dots (D) Signup and view all the answers

Select the cause of TB:

bacteria (C) Signup and view all the answers

Select one of the following is the main target of family welfare programs?

couples in the fertile age (A) Signup and view all the answers

Select one of the following is the activity of the family welfare program?

IUD program (B) Signup and view all the answers

Predict the last polio case in the country was reported from

West Bengal (D) Signup and view all the answers

Identify the full form of DPMR:

None (A) Signup and view all the answers

Select the additive drug in tobacco

nicotine (C) Signup and view all the answers

Select the correct one, Vaccine under UIP:

All of these (D) Signup and view all the answers

Select the correct one, Full form of AEFI:

Adverse Events following immunization (A), Adverse Events following immunization (B) Signup and view all the answers

Select the parts of surveillance unit in IDSP are

All of these (D) Signup and view all the answers

Select the year in which Mission IndraDhanush was launched in

2014-15 (B) Signup and view all the answers

Identify the correct one Nikshyaposhakyojan is centrally sponsored scheme under:

National Health Mission (B) Signup and view all the answers

Select the full form of MTP:

Medical termination of pregnancy (A) Signup and view all the answers

The programs to get total reproductive health as a social goal of the national level are indicated as

Family Planning (B) Signup and view all the answers

Identify the first state in India to recognize the family web planning to Nation planning:

Tamil Nadu (A) Signup and view all the answers

Identify the first country to initiate a family planning program in the world?

INDIA (D) Signup and view all the answers

Select the state that has been named first among states for its performance under the Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan in India

Madhya Pradesh (B) Signup and view all the answers

Select one of the following statements about ‘Niryat Bandhu Scheme’ is correct

It is a scheme for mentoring first-generation entrepreneurs (C) Signup and view all the answers

The Ministry of Communication has recently launched a pan India scholarship program for school children called ‘Deen Dayal Sparsh Yojana’.

Philately (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following vitamin deficiency causes beriberi?

Vitamin B1 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the leading cause of blindness in children worldwide?

Vitamin A deficiency (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamin functions as both hormones and visual pigment?

Retinal (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin?

Vitamin D (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is caused by the deficiency of niacin?

Pellagra (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamin serves as a hormone precursor?

Vitamin D (B) Signup and view all the answers

Identify what is related to overnutrition.

All of these (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely to develop scurvy?

Eating disorder (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which essential nutrient for a woman during early pregnancy prevents birth defects?

Folic acid (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which food source has the highest levels of vitamin C?

Broccoli (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamin helps in blood clotting?

Vitamin K (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the leading causes of poor health globally?

Poverty (B) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Vitamin Deficiencies

Beriberi is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine).
Vitamin A deficiency is the leading cause of blindness in children worldwide.
Vitamin B12 is a fat-soluble vitamin.
Pellagra is a disease caused by a deficiency of niacin.
Vitamin D serves as a hormone precursor.

Nutrition and Health

Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease are related to overnutrition.
Malnutrition refers to the problems related to the nutrition of nutrients.
Milk is considered a complete meal or balanced diet.
A pregnant woman with a vitamin C deficiency is the most likely to develop scurvy.
Folic acid is the most essential nutrient for a woman during her initial stages of pregnancy to prevent birth defects.
Blackcurrants have the highest levels of vitamin C.
Vitamin K helps in blood clotting.
Poverty is a leading cause of poor health globally.
Nutrition is the most serious problem facing global health now and in the future.

Dimensions of Health

The WHO definition of health includes physical well-being, mental well-being, and social well-being.
Spiritual health is not included in the WHO definition of health.
MR stands for Mortality Rate.
A state of balance between the individual and the surrounding world, including the environment, is defined as health.
Social health refers to the quantity and quality of an individual's interpersonalities and the extent of involvement with the community.

Energy and Nutrients

Carbohydrate is a macronutrient.
Vitamins and minerals are micronutrients.
Calcium, potassium, and sodium are macrominerals.
A diet that consists of sufficient amounts of all necessary nutrients is defined as a balanced diet.

Vitamin Deficiencies and Diseases

Xerophthalmia is a disease that occurs due to vitamin A deficiency.
Osteopenia is a symptom of vitamin A deficiency.
Pellagra occurs due to niacin deficiency.
Beri beri occurs due to thiamine deficiency.
Vitamin A deficiency causes night blindness.
Vitamin B12 deficiency causes pernicious anemia.

Immune System

The immune system comprises humoral and cell-mediated systems.
Smallpox is the biggest achievement of the immunization program.
Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant that prevents transplanted organs from being rejected in recipients.

Epidemiology

The epidemiological transition is defined as the elimination of infectious diseases and the increase in chronic diseases.
The primary objective of the immunization program is to prevent further transmission of the disease agent.
Safety is the most important requirement of a vaccine.
Carcinoma arises from epithelial cells.
Necrosis is a kind of injury or damage that results in the premature death of cells in a tissue or an organ through auto lysis.### Infections and Diseases
SARS: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, characterized by severe acute respiratory symptoms
Ebola: viral hemorrhagic fever, incubation period is 2 to 21 days
Filarial larvae: can be collected from peripheral blood at midnight

Cancer Risk Factors

Top three modifiable risk factors for developing cancer: tobacco use, excess body weight, and physical inactivity
Lifestyle modification to reduce cancer risk: limit consumption of red meat and processed food, stay physically active

Hypertension

Hypertensive crisis: blood pressure of 180/120 mmHg
Modifiable risk factor for developing hypertension: excess body weight

Vaccination and Immunization

Diseases protected by vaccination under UIP: diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus
Program aimed at preventing and controlling blindness in India: NPCB Vision 2020

Diagnostic Tests

Diagnosis of Gestational diabetes: Glucose tolerance test
Laboratory test for diagnosis of viral community-acquired pneumonia in adults: viral culture

Malaria

Number of people at risk of malaria in the world: 1.2 billion
Mosquito responsible for malaria transmission: Anopheles
Type of blindness: curable, absolute, social, and all of the above

Public Health Organizations

Body responsible for formulating policy and implementing programs for prevention and control of HIV in India: NACO
World Health Organization recognized date to celebrate World Tuberculosis Day: 24th March
Control strategy for TB known as: DOTS### Health Programs and Policies
India's Malnutrition Program aims to combat malnutrition among children.
The One-Child One-Nation policy is not implemented in India.

Polio Eradication

The last polio case in India was reported from West Bengal.

Medical Terms

DPMR stands for Direction, Prevention, and Medical Rehabilitation.

Tobacco and Vaccines

Nicotine is an addictive drug in tobacco.
BCG, DPT, and OPV are vaccines under the Universal Immunization Program (UIP).
AEFI stands for Adverse Events Following Immunization.

Surveillance and Disease Prevention

BSU, CSU, and SSU are parts of the surveillance unit in IDSP (Integrated Disease Surveillance Project).
Mission Indradhanush was launched in 2014-15.
Nikshay Poshan Yojana is a centrally sponsored scheme under the National Health Mission.

Family Planning and Reproductive Health

Family planning programs aim to achieve total reproductive health as a social goal at the national level.
Kerala was the first state to recognize family planning as a part of national planning.
India was the first country to initiate a family planning program in the world.

Women's Health

MTP stands for Medical Termination of Pregnancy.
The Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan aims to reduce maternal mortality in India.
Madhya Pradesh was the first state to perform well under the Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan.

Scholarship Programs

The Deen Dayal Sparsh Yojana is a pan-India scholarship program for school children to promote philately.

Disease Prevention and Sanitation

Biological, chemical, and physical agents cause diseases.
Poor sanitation and hygiene in rural India lead to significant mortality rates.
The Central Rural Sanitation Program was launched in 1986 and renamed Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan in 2005.

Healthcare Objectives and Services

The objective of community health is to achieve primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of care.
PHC stands for Primary Health Center, which provides comprehensive primary healthcare to the community.
The Alma-Ata Conference aimed to achieve "Health for All" by 2000.

Urban Health

National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) was launched in 2005 under the National Health Mission (NHM).
Rajiv Awas Yojana addresses the housing needs of economically weak and lower-income groups in urban areas.
Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of death in urban areas.

School Health

Coordinated School Health programs consist of comprehensive school health education, physical education, and nutrition services.

International Health Conferences

The concept of primary health care was introduced at the Alma-Ata Conference in 1978, jointly by WHO and UNICEF.

Miscellaneous

The National Mental Health Program was launched in 2013.
World AIDS Day is observed on December 1st.

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