24 Questions
What are the factors that affect the decay of wood?
Acidity level
Which type of fungi causes undesirable changes like stains and molds in the sapwood?
Decay fungi
What is the main requirement for wood decay fungi to grow?
Fibre saturation point
In what conditions do wood members and species become degraded by decay fungi?
With lack of water and oxygen
What is the term often used to describe the degrading activities of wood by biological agencies such as fungi, bacteria, insects, and marine borers?
Biodegradation
Which part of forest trees do some wood decay fungi primarily attack?
Heartwood
Which micro-organisms are primarily responsible for the progressive deterioration of wood and wood products through enzymatic activities?
Fungi
What should wood decay fungi mainly depend on for growth in service conditions?
Adequate moisture
Why are insects, marine borers, and other animals not considered causes of decay compared to fungi and bacteria?
Their impact is not quantitatively comparable to decay
What is the best indicator of decay in wood that refers to the presence of soft, mushroom-shaped bodies or hard, hoof-shaped structures?
Fruiting structures
What is the term that refers to the percentage loss of oven-dry weight after 12 weeks exposure to decay fungi?
Amount of Decay
Which symptom of decay is related to the presence of zonation lines in wood?
Colour change
What is the main focus of wood pathology?
Studying the factors causing wood degradation
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor causing wood deterioration?
Parasitic higher plants
What does the term 'disease agents' refer to in the context of wood pathology?
Viruses, viroid, and prions
How does timber react to invading organisms?
It deteriorates due to invasion
What are some bio-agents that can cause wood deterioration, as mentioned in the text?
Protozoa and nematodes
Which represents a key reason for studying physico-mechanical factors in wood pathology?
To understand their role in predisposing wood to deterioration
What is the primary component of wood that wood decay fungi target for decomposition?
Cellulose
Which of the following accurately describes the role of decay fungi in the forest ecosystem as stated in the text?
Influencing carbon recycling
In the context of wood decay fungi, what is the significance of basidiomycetous fungi?
Being primarily responsible for white-rot of hardwoods
How is decay generally observed to progress in living trees?
Inside-out
Which group of fungi is mentioned as causing rapid white-rot of several hardwoods?
Ascomycetous fungi
Why do wood-rotting fungi need to be specifically adapted to the complexity of organic substrates in wood?
Wood contains complex polymers like cellulose and hemicelluloses
Learn about wood pathology, the study of factors causing degradation of wood, identification of diseased wood materials, and methods of preventing wood diseases. Understand the physical, mechanical, chemical, and bio-deterioration involved in timber degradation.
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